本科生月薪期望值最高的十個國家大綱

According to a new survey by Universum, a global research and advisory firm, Swiss students have the highest starting salary expectations of all undergraduates across the globe.
據全球性研究和諮詢公司優興諮詢（Universum）的一項最新調查顯示，瑞士學生在全球所有大學生中對起薪的期望最高。

As part of its 2013 global student survey, Universum asked 432, 099 undergrads in 24 countries: What is your expected monthly salary (before tax) in your first job after graduation (excluding commission and bonus)?
作爲其2013年全球學生調查的一部分，優興諮詢詢問了24個國家的432,099名學生：畢業之後，你期望第一份工作的月薪（稅前）是多少（不包括佣金和獎金）？

“For most companies, salary is what we call a ‘threshold’ attribute, meaning that people have minimum expectations around salary and as long as an offer comes in around those expectations, it is not a differentiator when someone is choosing between more than one employer. In order to make sure a company’s salary isn’t outside of that range (unless that is a deliberate decision) it is necessary to understand what expectations are, ” says Melissa Murray Bailey, Universum’s president of Americas.
“對於大多數公司來說，月薪是我們所稱的‘閾值’屬性，這表示人們對月薪有最低期望值，只要一份工作與這些期望值相差不多，當一個學生在不止一位僱主中間進行選擇時，這就不會成爲一個構成差別的要素。爲了確保一家公司的月薪不在這個範圍之外（除非公司有意做出這樣的決定），就有必要對這些期望值加以瞭解，”優興諮詢美洲總裁梅麗莎?默裏?貝利（Melissa Murray Bailey）如是說。

She adds: “It is essential for employers to understand their target group so that they can build an attractive message. Recruiters need to prepare for interviews and discussions with students in the same way that sales people prepare for their meetings – you need to know what possible stumbling blocks can be in advance and be prepared to address them. Understanding what students will expect with regards to salary is an important input.”
她還說：“僱主需要了解他們的目標羣體，這樣，他們才能傳達富有吸引力的信息。招聘人員需要準備與學生進行的面試和討論，正如銷售人員爲他們與客戶的會面所做的準備一樣——你必須預先了解可能出現的絆腳石，並做好準備解決它們。瞭解學生對於薪資有什麼期望，這是一個重要的信息。”

For a second consecutive year, Swiss students have the highest salary expectations coming out of school. According to Universum, they expect to earn $7, 062 (USD) per month, on average (before tax; excluding commission and bonus), in their first post-graduation gig. That’s about $84, 730 per year—which, according to Nelly Riggenbach Hasler, vice president of EMEA employer branding and talent attraction at Universum, is a realistic entry level salary. “These expectations are not too farfetched, ” she says.
瑞士已連續第二年成爲本科學生月薪期望值最高的國家。據優興諮詢稱，他們期待畢業後第一份工作的平均月薪能有7062美元（稅前，不包含佣金和獎金）。那也就是說年薪爲84,730美元——據優興歐洲、中東和非洲僱主品牌打造和人才吸引副總裁耐莉?里根巴赫?哈斯勒（Nelly Riggenbach Hasler）表示，這是一個現實的入門級薪資水平。“這些期望值並不是太牽強。”她說。

Why does Switzerland top the list?
瑞士爲何會高居榜首？

“The cost of living in Switzerland is extremely high, ” she says, “But also given that the unemployment rate is 3%, the talent pool is rather dry. Switzerland is very much dependent on being an attractive market for talent outside the country, and I would clearly state that [Switzerland] faces a talent centric labor market. Furthermore; the difference between the entry salary and what you earn five years into your career is not as dramatic as in other countries.”
“瑞士的生活成本相當高，”她說，“但同時鑑於其3%的失業率，其人才庫面臨枯竭。瑞士非常依賴於保持其對國外人才的吸引力，我要清楚地指出，瑞士面對着一個以人才爲中心的勞動力市場。此外，大學畢業生起薪和你工作五年後的薪資之間的差別並不像其他國家那麼明顯。”

Female students in Switzerland say they expect to earn around $6, 468 per month after school; while male undergrads hope to rake in $7, 454. The difference between these two numbers ($986 per month) makes Switzerland the country with the largest salary expectation gap between genders.
瑞士的女大學生表示她們期望畢業之後的月薪大約是6,468美元；然而，男大學生則期望是7,454美元。這兩個數字之間的差異（月薪相差986美元）使瑞士成爲兩性之間薪資期望值差距最大的國家。

“This is not a new phenomenon and there have been lots of studies done about the lower expectations of women, ” Bailey says. “The more interesting question is: Why do women continue to earn less? Women tend to be more modest about their worth and trust that they will be fairly compensated based on their contributions.”
“這不是一個新出現的現象，我們就女性期望值較低的情況做過很多研究，”貝利表示，“更有趣的問題是：爲什麼女性的收入繼續低於男性？女性對於她們的價值持更爲謙遜的態度，並相信根據她們的貢獻會獲得公平的酬勞。”

The Universum survey found that Norwegian students have the second-highest salary expectations. Undergraduates in Norway expect to make $6, 556 per month, on average–or $78, 672 per year, before tax, commission and bonuses.
優興諮詢的調查結果顯示薪水期望值第二高的是挪威的學生。挪威大學生期待每月平均能賺6,556美元——或者年薪78,672美元（稅前，不包含佣金和獎金）。“With its very low unemployment rate, being almost untouched by the finance crisis and high activity in the oil and gas industry, Norway has the second highest salary expectations in the world after Switzerland, ” says Carlo Duraturo, Universum’s global account director. “The country has one of the world’s best – and most expensive – social welfare systems, and with a population of only about five million, the talent pool is limited, especially among engineering and IT professionals.”
“挪威失業率非常低，而且幾乎未受金融危機的影響，在石油和天然氣行業高度活躍，是排在瑞士之後月薪期望值第二高的國家。”優興全球客戶總監卡洛?杜拉圖羅（Carlo Duraturo）說，“這個國家擁有世界上最好——且最昂貴的——社會福利制度，另外，由於該國總人口僅爲大約500萬，人才庫很有限，尤其是工程師和IT專業人士。”

Female students in Norway hope to earn $6, 312 per month, while male students say they expect a monthly paycheck of $6, 843—a difference of $531 per month, or $6, 372 per year.
挪威女大學生的期望月薪是6,312美元，而男大學生表示他們對月薪的期望值是6,843美元——月薪相差531美元，或者年薪相差6,372美元。

Rounding out the top three is Denmark, where students expect to make $5, 427 per month, on average (or $65, 124 annually). Female undergrads hope to earn $5, 287; male students want $5, 708 per month.
位於前三的另一個國家是丹麥，這裏的大學生平均期望月薪爲5,427美元（或者年收入爲65,124美元）。女性本科生期望月薪5,287美元；男性本科生爲5,708美元。

Jesper Dansholm, Universum’s Denmark country manager, says because Denmark has the world’s highest income tax, these salary expectations “aren’t really exorbitant.”
優興丹麥區域經理傑斯珀（Jesper Dansholm）說，由於丹麥的所得稅在全球最高，這些期望月薪“並不是太高”。

Elsewhere on the list, the United States ranked seventh overall. U.S. undergraduates say they hope to make $4, 337 per month in their first job after graduation. That’s about $52, 032 per year, on average.
榜單上還包括排在第七位的美國。美國的本科生說，他們希望畢業之後第一份工作的月收入在4,337美元。換言之，平均年薪是52,032美元。

“There is a lot of variability in the U.S. among the student’s expectations, largely depending on their major and the industries in which they would like to work, ” Bailey says. “Many students in the U.S. that study liberal arts are having difficulties finding a job post-graduation. Given this has been the case for several years now; students are starting to settle for and expect less coming out of school.”
“美國大學生對月薪的期望值時高時低，這在很大程度上取決於他們的專業和他們願意投身的行業。”貝利說，“美國很多文科學生畢業後不好找工作。鑑於這幾年一直如此，大學生們在走出校門之後逐漸開始適應並降低預期。”

The difference between what female and male U.S. students expect, in terms of salary, is $642 per month (or $7, 704 a year).
在薪水期望值方面，美國女大學生和男大學生的差距是每月642美元（或者一年7,704美元）。

”On a global level we anticipate that the expected salaries will continue to increase due to inflation and the movement of workers to the larger cities, as well the fact that the students are becoming more aware of their own worth, ” says Jonas Barck, global head of commercial partnerships at Universum. “Although the gender pay gap has been a topic of discussion for years, there has not been any positive movement to close the gap. More work needs to be done to understand the root cause of the problem and then the education of hiring managers and employers needs to take place. Until everyone believes and understands the problem, I fear we will continue to talk about it for many years to come, ” he concludes.
“從全球來看，由於通脹和勞動力向更大的城市流動，以及大學生們正越來越意識到他們自身的價值，我們預計，大學生們的期望月薪將繼續增加。”優興全球商貿合作負責人喬納斯?巴克（Jonas Barck）表示。“雖然男女工資差距是多年來討論的一個話題，但是尚未有任何正面舉措縮小這個差距。我們還要做更多的工作去了解這個問題的根源，然後對招聘經理和僱主進行教育。在所有人都相信和理解這個問題之前，我擔心在今後很多年我們還會繼續討論這個問題。”他總結說。