這幾種有毒的“戀愛關係”套路很深，你可一定要注意了
1944年經典黑色懸疑片《煤氣燈下》（Gaslight）改編自帕特里克·漢密爾頓1938年創作的劇本，首次將“煤氣燈效應”（the Gaslight Effect）的概念引入人們的視線。
電影由查爾斯·博耶（Charles Boyer）和英格麗·褒曼（Ingrid Bergman）主演，疑雲密佈，環環相扣，講述了丈夫爲了謀取妻子的財產，千方百計把妻子逼瘋的故事。
《煤氣燈下》（Gaslight）劇照
劇中，妻子看到了微弱的煤氣燈光，丈夫卻一直否認，說她看錯了。妻子單純地愛着丈夫，對其深信不疑，久而久之就確信自己真的哪裏出了毛病。直到遇到了一位警察，警察說他也看到了微弱的煤氣燈光。
美國心理學家Robin Stern受到電影的啓發，結合20年的臨牀經驗，寫出了轟動一時的書——《煤氣燈效應：遠離情感暴力和操縱狂》。
US-based author of The Gaslight Effect, Dr Robin Stern, outlined the insidious nature of gaslighting, writing: 'It's a form of emotional abuse and manipulation that is difficult to recognise and even harder to break free from.'
《煤氣燈效應》的美國作者Robin Stern博士概述了“煤氣燈”陰險的本質，寫道：“這是一種難以識別的情感虐待和操縱，甚至更難以擺脫。”
insidious adj. 陰險的
後來“煤氣燈效應”就被廣泛的用於指代這種情感虐待（emotional abuse）。
The term describes a type of emotional abuse, and unlike other forms, is difficult to recognise because it distorts a person's sense of reality.
這個詞描述的是一種情感虐待，和其它虐待形式不同，這種情感虐待很難識別，因爲它扭曲了一個人對現實的認知。
看似是電影的虛構情節，然而現實生活中很多人都深受其害，其中大多數是女性。
許多人遭到家庭暴力卻一次又一次地原諒對方，不去捍衛自己的權利，正是這種效應在作怪。
身處在一段“煤氣燈效應”作怪的關係中，會給人帶來非常大的負面影響。
來看《每日郵報》的報道：
At its mildest, gaslighting leaves women uneasy, wondering why they always seem to end up in the wrong.
煤氣燈效應輕則讓女人感到不安，奇怪自己爲什麼總是做錯。
At it's worst, gaslighting leads to major depression, with formerly strong, vibrant women reduced to abject misery and self-hatred.
重則導致嚴重抑鬱，使得原本強大活潑的女性變得自憐自艾並且自我憎恨。
一段好的戀情可以讓人擁有好心情，彼此成就，一起攜手前行。而一段壞的戀情，卻會讓人悲觀、消極甚至抑鬱，好好的小可愛就變成“不可愛”了。
下面，小編再給你介紹幾種有毒的情感狀態，大家千萬要小心了！
①
Ghosting
神祕消失
It can happen when you've met up a few times, or even after things get serious - but constitutes when someone literally removes you from their life, without warning.
這種情況多見於你們見過幾次面，甚至關係變得更認真的時候，你卻突然被移除在對方生活外了，毫無徵兆。
②
Slow Fade
逐漸隱匿
This is where someone gradually backs away from a potential relationship, but doesn't cut all ties immediately.
在這種情況下，他會逐漸放棄一段潛在的關係，但不會立即斷絕所有的聯繫。
③
Breadcrumbing
撒麪包屑
This is when someone leaves a trail of small but flirtatious messages for a potential date, with no intention of meeting.
這種情況是指某人給潛在的約會對象發了一串短卻撩的信息，但沒有任何要見面的意思。
Taking its name from the classic tale of Hansel and Gretel, breadcrumbing involves leading someone on with a trail of flirtatious messages but never following through.
麪包屑這個名字源於經典童話故事《韓塞爾與葛雷特》（Hansel and Gretel），這裏指的是一方用一系列曖昧信息讓另一方產生戀愛錯覺，但是從不進行後續發展。
④
Benching
備胎
Before couples have 'the talk' and define their relationship - also known by the acronym 'DTR' - either party is at risk of being 'benched'.
在雙方挑明、確定關係之前（DTR），雙方都可能是對方的“備胎”。
This happens when one person is unsure of their future with their current partner and so puts them on the 'bench' - as with sports team reserves - and looks at other options. If nothing better comes along, they might come back into play.
當一個人不確定要和目前的伴侶共度未來時，可能就會去尋找新目標，而將現任視爲“備胎”，彷彿是體育隊伍裏的候補隊員。而如果沒有更好的選擇，他們還是會迴歸現狀。
⑤
Zombie-ing
殭屍迴歸
This is when someone has already ghosted his or her way out of a relationship - but then tries to come back.
某人已經放棄這段關係，卻又想吃回頭草。
Social media has also opened up a new playing field for zombies, who can now 'like', 'comment' or 'follow' their way back onto their target's radar.
社交媒體也給這些要吃回頭草的人打開了新世界的大門，他們可以通過“點贊”、“評論”和“關注”重回對方視線。
➅
Layby
路邊停車
'Layby' refers to someone who is in a relationship but looking to get out. Instead of risking a period of singleness when it eventually ends, a layby starts laying the groundwork with other women or men who they might want to date next.
“路邊停車”指的是對方雖然還在跟你談戀愛，但是已經在想着分手了。這種人在分手以後不會有空窗期，因爲他們已經想好了下一個可能的約會對象，並且爲此着手準備了。
Those being pursued by a layby should be wary as he or she might well have a number of 'next' options lined up - not to mention the fact that they are not technically single.
要是被這種人追求，你可就要當心了，因爲他很有可能同時追求很多人，更別說他可能還沒真正單身。
➆
Catch and release
撩完就跑
On the other end of the spectrum is the dater who practises the 'catch and release'.
另一種極品約會者就是那些一追到手就把對方甩了的人。
This is a move favoured by those who enjoys the 'chase' part of a relationship, the first flirtations before any commitments are made.
有的人在一段關係中最享受“追逐”的體驗，也就是在作出任何實質性承諾之前的曖昧調情。
看完了上面介紹的幾種有毒的情感關係，你想想自己有沒有被套路過？
祝所有的小夥伴都能擦亮眼睛，不被套路，尋得真愛！
