揭祕9.3大閱兵背後的故事

紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70週年閱兵式，3日在北京天安門廣場舉行。威武雄壯的隊伍、鏗鏘有力的腳步、整齊響亮的口號……50多分鐘精彩瞬間的背後其實是官兵們6個多月的艱苦訓練。閱兵背後都有哪些精彩故事和趣聞花絮？我們一起來看。

【天安門模型現閱兵村】

There is a Military Parade Village at Yangfang town, Changping district, in the north of Beijing. The village, rebuilt from a local shooting range several months ago, has a gold-roofed, red-walled complex, which is imitation of the Tian'anmen Gate Tower. A road, 3-km long and 70-meter wide, lies in front of the "Gate Tower". That is where the parade soldiers conducted training.
北京城北的昌平區陽坊鎮，有一處"閱兵村"，係數月前由當地的靶場改建。閱兵村內有一座摸擬天安門的金頂紅牆建築物。"天安門"城樓前鋪着長3公里、寬70米的行進路，閱兵隊伍此前就是在這裏接受訓練的。

Beijing has a total of four Military Parade Villages at Shahe airport in Changping district, Zhangjiawan airport in Tongzhou district, Liangxiang airport in Fangshan district and Nanyuan airport in Daxing district. Before the military parade held in 2009 that celebrated China's 60th founding anniversary, the foot phalanxes were trained at Shahe and the vehicle phalanxes at Zhangjiawan.
據悉，北京有四個閱兵村，分別是位於昌平的沙河機場、通州的張家灣機場、房山的良鄉機場和大興的南苑機場。2009年國慶60週年大閱兵時，受閱的徒步方隊就是在沙河接受訓練的，車輛方隊則在張家灣受訓。

【閱兵村的衣食住行】

For the officers and soldiers undergoing intensive training every day, how their basic necessities of life – food, clothing, shelter and means of traveling – were fulfilled is also a focal point.
受閱官兵每天面對高強度的訓練，如何保障他們的衣、食、住、行也成爲人們關注的焦點。

[衣——量體裁衣、科學下單]

The logistics teams act according to circumstances and prepare form-fitting clothes at a scientific quantity for the parade soldiers. More than 380,000 pieces of clothing and bedding were distributed to soldiers; 14,000 pairs of shoes and 11,000 pieces of clothing and bedding were repaired; and 13,000 pieces of clothing and bedding were dry-cleaned and ironed, according to preliminary statistics.
閱兵保障隊伍按照方隊需求"量體裁衣、科學下單"。據不完全統計，閱兵保障兵站爲受閱部隊發放被裝物資38萬餘件套，修補鞋靴1.4萬雙，縫補衣物、被褥1.1萬件套，乾洗熨燙被服1.3萬件套。

[食——膳食評估系統保健康]

A diet evaluation system, developed especially for the parade soldiers by a 10-person team in 28 days, has provided proper dietary recommendations. The system can calculate food energy and nutrients allowances using computers, based on soldiers' everyday need.
10人研發小組歷時28天研發出《閱兵部隊膳食評估系統》，針對受閱官兵每天的飲食情況，利用計算機準確計算出食物能量及營養素供給量，生成合理化飲食建議。

[住——營房配套齊全]

According to barrack reconstruction projects, post offices, barbers' rooms and supermarkets were set up; more than 2,500 sq m of barrack housing were built at the training center of the General Staff Department; more than 3,000 sq m areas were greened around soldier stations; and 213 air-conditioners and over 300 curtains were provided.
營房改造工程開設各保障點的郵局、理髮點、超市，在總參訓練場新建板房2500餘平方米，綠化兵站周圍3000餘平方米，爲兵站安裝空調213部，安裝窗簾300餘件。

[行——首用高鐵運部隊]

For the first time, high-speed trains and planes were used in the transportation of the soldiers to be inspected. In addition, local businesses' vehicles were rented for the first time. Renting vehicles of major transportation enterprises located in Beijing had helped save the military's human and material resources, and also ensure transportation safety.
此次閱兵部隊運輸首次使用了高鐵、飛機，首次租用地方企業運力。通過租用北京市大型運輸企業的運力，既節省了人力物力，還保證了運輸安全。【訓練標準異常嚴格】

Coach looked down at the surface of troops from 2.6 meter-high training vehicles on the training ground. Once the coach found individual soldier's posture was not standard enough or did not fit in with the formation, he would warn about posture using a loudspeaker.
訓練場上，教練員乘坐2.6米高的閱兵專用訓練車從高處俯視隊伍的排面，一發現有個別隊員姿勢不標準，或和隊伍隊形不一致的地方，便會及時用喊話器提醒調整軍姿。

[擺臂、踏步要求精準]

The training standard for this parade was more precise than ever. According to old rules, soldiers in formation swing their arms forward 30 cm "more or less". However, this time the swing amplitude was measured with ruler, and when they swang arms forward, it's exactly 30 cm. There were new rules about time marking as well, as a previous rule the tiptoes of soldiers were 15 cm away from the ground when they were marking time. However, the training this time required soldiers to raise their tiptoes 5 cm higher, that is, 20 cm from the ground.
此次閱兵訓練標準更加精確，以前向前擺臂要求"大約"30釐米，此次方隊用尺子量好，必須爲30釐米。同時，踏步也有新要求，正常情況下是原地踏步腳尖離地15釐米，而閱兵訓練要求在以往的基礎上再擡高5釐米，爲20釐米。

[獵鷹獼猴保障飛行安全]

The timing of the flight training happens to coincide with the season when young birds are leaving the nest and filling the skies, leading to more pressure to ensure the safety of the air force. The Chinese Air Force used three types of animal helpers to boost security - falcons, macaques and hunting dogs.
閱兵飛行訓練正值所處地區幼鳥出巢期，鳥類活動愈加頻繁，保障壓力大。爲了護航空中梯隊，空軍開發出驅鳥"三寶"——獵鷹、獼猴和獵犬。

The dog drives the birds resting on the ground into the sky and then lets the falcons take over the next step of the job - a falcon unfurls its wings and flies into the sky to drive away the birds. Macaques rip down bird nests from the trees. The same species of bird won't nest again at the same spot after the monkey tears its home apart.
獵犬先將草叢中棲息的鳥類驅趕到空中，再由獵鷹"出馬"——展翅翱翔的獵鷹將鳥類驅散。獼猴負責上樹拆除鳥巢。獼猴所拆過鳥窩的位置，同一種羣的鳥類再也不會在同一位置打窩。【閱兵'好聲音'煉成記】

It is learned that 315 engineers are responsible for the sound effect of the grand parade to mark the 70th anniversary of victory in the People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. They placed more than 300 microphones, 62 sound base stations, 38 sound consoles and 140 mobile loudspeaker boxes in Tian'anmen Square and districts along the Chang'an Avenue. The various kinds of sound on the site of parade are more complicated than ever, making sound collecting a hard job.
據瞭解，此次抗戰勝利70週年閱兵，共有315名工程師承擔閱兵聲音保障任務。他們在天安門廣場以及長安街區域佈設了300多支話筒、62個聲音基站、38個調音臺及140只流動音箱。此次閱兵現場聲音種類的繁雜是前所未有的，使得聲音收集工作變得非常複雜。

[聲音收集無死角]

In order to convey neat and uniform sound of footsteps of march-past, apart from installing fixed sound-collecting microphones, technicians have to follow the formation carrying a microphone stick to collect their sounds. The amplifying systems on Tian'anmen Square in this parade cover vast areas from Jianguomen to Xidan, to ensure unified sound effect in every corner of the square.
爲了傳遞出整齊劃一的分列式腳步聲，除了佈設固定的拾聲話筒外，還有技術人員舉着話筒杆，朝着腳步行進方向跟隨收聲。本次閱兵，天安門廣場的擴聲系統覆蓋了從建國門到西單的廣闊區域，保證在廣場上任何角落都能聽見一致的效果。

[口令員精準發聲]

Order-givers in the phalanxes are responsible to give loud orders on the Tian'anmen Square for soldiers to hear. Besides, they should notice not to give orders when guns fire salute. There are standards for how long one order lasts, the strong beat and off beat in the order, as well as the rhythms.
方隊中的口令員負責在天安門廣場上喊出響亮的口令，讓官兵們都能聽見。而且口令要與禮炮響那一刻的時間點錯開。喊多長、哪個地方是強音、哪個地方是弱音，用什麼節拍，都有規範。

[腳踏聲要響亮]

In order to march with such momentum, soldiers trained wearing heavy sandbags on their legs. The riding boots that soldiers wear are very heavy in itself, and the hardness of these boots' heels was increased to 85 (hardness of normal heels is between 65 and 75), which makes the stomping sound louder.
爲了走出氣勢，隊員在訓練時通過加重腿部沙袋重量，來加強腿部功夫訓練。馬靴本來就很沉，普通的鞋跟硬度爲65到75之間，此次閱兵鞋跟硬度加到85，可以讓腳踏聲更響。