考研英語語法培訓：倒裝句
在英語的語言實踐中，爲了語法、修辭、結構上的多樣性，往往要改變句子的自然語序，把一些本應置於主語之後的句子成分提到主語之前，這種語序的變化叫“倒裝語序”。倒裝是一種修辭手段，目的是爲了強調。在考研英語路上，這也是其中的一個考點。我們一起看看吧。
一般情形相對於來說大家比較熟知，但有時候一般疑問句也是屬於倒裝句的一種，比如：Could you please give me the pen?那麼什麼情況下會發生部分倒裝呢? 只有瞭解引起倒裝的原因，才能更準確地理解句子的含義。
一.倒裝句的分類：全部倒裝和部分倒裝。
英語的基本語序是“主語+謂語”，這種語序稱爲陳述句語序或者自然語序(normal word order)，如果把謂語的全部或者一部分置於主語之前，就稱其爲倒裝語序(inverted word oeder),當謂語全部位於主語之前，我們稱其爲全部倒裝(full inversion);當謂語一部分位於主語之前，我們稱其爲部分倒裝(partial inversion)。
二.全部倒裝
1. 定義：將謂語動詞全部置於主語之前，即動詞+主語。
There was a mountain.
On the mountain stood a temple.
In the temple lived an old monk.
2. 形容詞短語置於句首
真題例1
Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth.
3. 分詞短語置於句首
真題例2
Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.
4. 介詞短語置於句首
真題例3
At the core of the debate was chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992.
三.部分倒裝
1. 定義：將謂語動詞的一部分(如助動詞或情態動詞)置於主語之前爲部分倒裝(實義動詞位置不發生改變)。
2. 部分倒裝的識別及還原
識別：若助動詞或情態動詞後出現名詞則判斷爲部分倒裝。
還原：將助動詞、情態動詞還原，助動詞有時需要去掉。
I seldom go to work by bus. (原句)
Seldom do I go to work by bus. (倒裝) “我很少乘公共汽車上班。”
You can solve this problem only in this way. (原句)
Only in this way can you solve this problem. (倒裝)“只有用這種方法，你纔可以解決問題。”
3. 否定詞置於句首
真題例1
Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.
4. only置於句首
真題例2
Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.
5. so置於句首
真題例3
So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
測試題(倒裝結構)
1. -Why can’t I smoke here?
-At no time in the meeting-room.
A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit
2. Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t I realize B. did I realize
C. I didn’t realize D. I realize
3. Only if we persist in carrying out the open-door policy achieve greater success in every field.
A. we will B. will we C. we do D. do we
倒裝句作爲歷年考研英語真題中語法特殊結構中的高頻考點，常常給在閱讀題上給考生造成閱讀障礙，錯誤的理解了原文的意思從而導致答案選錯。但是隻要大家在此版塊的學習多做練習，多思考多總結，小編相信大家一定能攻克難關。
