《絕望的主婦》幫你搞定絕望的英語時態
首先我們來看一段美劇《絕望的主婦》中的片段，出自第一季第一集，鄰居發現Mary Alice躺在血泊中之後撥打求救電話的一段視頻。（本頁內容引自絕望主婦第一季第一集學習筆記在線看）
-It's my neighbor. I think she's been shot. There's bIood everywhere.
-Yes, you've got to send an 've got to send one right now.
-我的鄰居，我想她遭到了槍擊，她家裏到處都是血。
-是的，你們必須派輛救護車來，你們必須馬上派輛救護車。
這段視頻中我們可以看到如下時態：
一般現在時陳述事件當事人It's my neighbour.
完成時態表該事故已發生I think she's been shot.
一般現在時描述現場There's blood everywhere.
用you have got to do要求幫助Yes, you've got to send an ambulance. You've got to send one right now!
這一段十幾秒的電話求救中時態就在不斷的變化，現在就讓我們一起徹底搞清楚英語中的時態吧。
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看下面的採訪，從中瞭解一般現在時的使用。
Mark: Hello, Can I ask you some questions for an interview?
Jennifer: Yes, I can answer some questions.
馬克：您好，可以採訪您幾個問題嗎？
珍妮佛：好的，我可以回答幾個問題。
Mark: Thank you for taking the time. Now, first question: What do you do?
Jennifer: I work in a library. I'm a librarian.
馬克：謝謝您的配合。第一個問題是：請問您是做什麼工作的？
珍妮佛：我在圖書館工作，我是圖書管理員。
Mark: Are you married?
Jennifer: Yes, I am.
馬克：您結婚了嗎？
珍妮佛：是的。
Mark: What does your husband do?
Jennifer: He works as a policeman.
馬克：您先生是做什麼的？
珍妮佛：他是警察。
Mark: Do you usually have dinner together?
Jennifer: Yes, we do.
馬克：你們經常一起吃晚餐嗎？
珍妮佛：是的。
Mark: How often does your husband exercise?
Jennifer: He sometimes exercises four times a week. But, he usually exercises only twice a week.
馬克：您先生多長時間鍛鍊一次身體？
珍妮佛：有時候一週四次，不過他通常一週只鍛鍊兩次。
Mark: Where do you like going on holiday?
Jennifer: We rarely go on holiday. However, we like going to the mountains if we can.
馬克：您假期喜歡到什麼地方去呢？
珍妮佛：我們的假期很少，不過只要有可能，我們喜歡去山區。
Mark: What type of books do you read?
Jennifer: I often read horror stories.
馬克：您看什麼樣的書？
珍妮佛：我一般讀恐怖小說。
Mark: Thank you very much for answering my questions.
Jennifer: You're welcome!
馬克：十分感謝您回答我的問題。
珍妮佛：不客氣。
以上對話都是使用了一般現在時，一般現在時的使用是有一些規律的，請點擊下一頁查看。
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一般現在時的使用規律
| Examples 例句 | Usage 一般現在時常用來表示 |
| Where do you work? The store opens at 9 o'clock. She lives in New York. | Permanent or long-lasting situations 表示永久不變的或者長期的情況 |
| I usually get up at 7 o'clock. She doesn't often go to the cinema. When do they usually have lunch? | Regular habits and daily routines 通常的習慣和日常的行爲 |
| The Earth revolves around the Sun. What does 'strange' mean? Water doesn't boil at 20°. | Facts 事實 |
| I love walking around late at night during the summer. She hates flying! What do you like? I don't want to live in Texas. | Feelings 感覺 |
| He doesn't agree with you. I think he is a wonderful student. What do you consider your best accomplishment? | Opinions and states of mind 觀點以及看法 |
| The plane leaves at 4 p.m. When do courses begin this semester? The train doesn't arrive until 10.35. | Timetables and schedules 時間表和日程安排 |
Common present time expressions include: 通常看到這些詞會用一般現在時： | usually, always, often, sometimes, on Saturdays, at weekends (on weekends US English), rarely, on occasion, never, seldom |
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正在進行時On the telephone
Tracy: Hello, can I speak to Alex.
Alex: This is Alex, who is speaking?
特蕾西：你好，請找一下阿歷克斯。
阿歷克斯：我是阿歷克斯，請問您哪位？
Tracy: Hi, this is Tracy.
Alex: Hi Tracy. What are you doing?
特蕾西：嗨，我是特蕾西。
阿歷克斯：你好，特蕾西。你在做什麼？
Tracy: Oh, I'm just watching TV. What are you doing?
Alex: Well, I'm cooking dinner.
特蕾西：哦，我在看電視，你在做什麼？
阿歷克斯：我在做晚餐。
Tracy: What are you cooking?
Alex: I'm baking some potatoes, boiling some carrots and grilling a steak.
特蕾西：你在做什麼東西？
阿歷克斯：我在烤土豆，煮些胡蘿蔔，再烤個小排。
Tracy: It sounds delicious.
Alex: What are you doing for dinner tonight?
特蕾西：聽起來很好吃。
阿歷克斯：你晚餐吃的什麼？
Tracy: Well, I don't have any plans...
Alex: Would you like to come over for dinner?
特蕾西：我還沒什麼打算……
阿歷克斯：你想過來吃晚餐嗎？
Tracy: Oh, I'd love to. Thanks.
Alex: Great. Mary and Jack are also coming. They are arriving at seven.
特蕾西：哦，太好了，謝謝。（小編：看出來了，這姐姐是打電話來蹭飯的）
阿歷克斯：好，瑪麗和傑克也會過來，他們七點到。
Tracy: OK, I'll be there at seven, too.
Alex: OK, see you then. Bye.
Tracy: Bye.
特蕾西：好的，我也會在七點鐘到的。
阿歷克斯：好的，那到時見。
特蕾西：拜拜。
特蕾西和阿歷克斯的電話交談提到的都是打電話的時候在做的事情，所以都使用了正在進行時，特蕾西用正在進行時成功的蹭到了晚飯，下面我們就一起看看正在進行時的使用規律吧。
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| Examples 例句 | Usage 下列情況通常使用一般現在時 |
| What are you cooking? Tom is studying for his exams at the moment. It isn't raining now. We can go outside. | Actions happening at the present moment. 當前時刻正在發生的動作 |
| What are you doing this weekend? I'm meeting Peter tomorrow morning. We're driving to Albany this weekend. | Planned future events (usually in the near future) 將來會發生的事情（通常是很近的將來） |
| We're currently working on the Smith account. What classes are you taking this semester? We're studying Greek history this month. | Actions or events happening around the present moment. 在“現在”這個時刻前後發生的事情 |
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將來時：天氣預報In Seattle, it will be rainy and windy tomorrow morning with rain falling until late in the afternoon. On the east side of the mountains in Spokane, the sun will shine and temperatures will reach 30 degrees Celsius. In the evening, the weather will become windy and cloudy. In the mountains, you can expect snow above 2,000 meters.
西雅圖明天上午多風多雨，降雨將一直持續到下午。斯波坎東部山谷天氣晴好，最高溫度將達到30攝氏度。傍晚多雲並且有風。在山區，海拔2000米以上有降雪。
天氣預報的都是尚未發生的氣象，所以都是用將來時的。
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一般過去時：同事聊天Robert: Hi Alice, what did you do last weekend?
Alice: I did a lot of things. On Saturday, I went shopping.
羅伯特：你好，愛麗絲，上個週末你做什麼了？
愛麗絲：我做了很多事情，週六我去逛街了。
Robert: What did you buy?
Alice: I bought some new clothes. I also played tennis.
羅伯特：你買了什麼？
愛麗絲：我買了一些新衣服，還打了網球。
Robert: Who did you play?
Alice: I played Tom.
羅伯特：和誰一起打的？
愛麗絲：和湯姆一起打的。
Robert: Did you win?
Alice: Of course I won!
羅比特：你贏了嗎？
愛麗絲：我當然贏了啊。
Robert: What did you do after your tennis match.
Alice: Well, I went home and took a shower and then went out.
羅伯特：網球賽之後你做什麼了？（查戶口囧）
愛麗絲：我回家洗了個澡又出門了。
Robert: Did you eat in a restaurant?
Alice: Yes, my friend Jacky and I ate at 'The Good Fork'
羅伯特：你在餐館吃的飯嗎？
愛麗絲：是啊，我和我朋友傑在“The Good Fork”吃的飯。
Robert: Did you enjoy your dinner?
Alice: Yes, we enjoyed our dinner very much thank you. We also drank some wonderful wine!
羅伯特：吃的開心嗎？
愛麗絲：吃的非常開心，我們還喝了點酒。
Robert: Unfortunately, I didn't go out this weekend. I didn't eat in a restaurant and I didn't play tennis.
Alice: What did you do?
羅伯特：可惜我週末沒出門，沒在餐館吃飯也沒打網球。
愛麗絲：你週末做什麼了啊？
Robert: I stayed home and studied for my test!
Alice: Poor you!
羅伯特：我在家裏複習備考來的。
愛麗絲：真可憐。
敢情羅伯特同學東問西問的就是爲了說自己可憐，使用一般過去時，羅伯特成功的打探了愛麗絲同學上個週末做的事情。愛麗絲所有的行爲和動作都是發生在上週末，所以整個對話描述的時候都是用了一般過去時的。
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| Examples 例句 | Usage 通常以下情況用一般過去時 |
| Where did you go yesterday? The flight left at 8 o'clock. They didn't come last night. | Finished past actions, definite past 動作已經結束，表示過去的。 |
Common past time expressions include: 通常會用一般過去時的詞有： | last (week, year, night), yesterday, ago, in 1987, when I was a child. |
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