英語疑問句語法解析
關於疑問句在英語中的語法知識點，我們主要看看哪些是比較常見的。下面是本站小編給大家整理的英語疑問句語法解析，供大家參閱!
用yes或no來回答的疑問句，一般疑問句用升調。陳述句變爲疑問句時分三種情況：
1. 陳述句中有系動詞be、助動詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should, had或情態動詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時，將這些系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞移到句首，並在句末加上問號。如：
I'll go to the History Museum this afternoon. — Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon? 今天下午你去了歷史博物館嗎?
I visited Beijing last month. — Did you visit Beijing last month? 上個月你參觀了北京嗎?
在對疑問句進行回答時，須注意：
(1) 當回答could, would所提的問題時，一般用can, will. 如：
—Could you help me with my homework this evening? —Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
—Would you go there right now? —Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
在對方向你表示邀請時，可用OK, sorry等來替代Yes，No.
(2) 在對用may所提問題的否定回答時，一般用mustn't / can't;而在對用 must所提的問題進行否定回答時，一般用needn't / don't have to. 如：
—May I use your bike now? —Yes, you may. / No, you can't. (mustn't)
—Must I stay at school this afternoon? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn't (don't have to).
2. 原陳述中沒有系動詞be、助動詞be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情態動詞can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought時，則在句首加助動詞Do的適當形式，同時，將謂語動詞變爲原形動詞。如：
We speak Chinese. — Do you speak Chinese? 你講漢語嗎?
I went shopping yesterday. —Did you go shopping yesterday? 昨天你去買東西了嗎?
3. 原陳述句中，若謂語動詞是have / has, 則須考慮have / has的意義。如果have / has是“有”的意義時，變爲疑問句時，既可在句首加Do的適當形式，也可將have / has,提到句首。如：
He has a beautiful pen. —Has he a beautiful pen? / does he have a beautiful pen? 他有一隻漂亮的鋼筆嗎?
但若have / has,的意思不是“有”時，變爲疑問句時，則必須在句手加Do的適當形式。如
I have lunch at home. —Do you have lunch at home? 你在家吃中飯嗎?
We had a meeting last night. —Did you have a meeting last night? 昨天晚上你開會了嗎?
(4) 原陳述句中有情態動詞used to時，它的一般疑問句，可將used移到句首;也可在句首加Did 。如(from )：
I used to go swimming in the river. —Did you use to go swimming in the river? / Used you to go swimming in the river? 你過去常常去那條河裏游泳嗎?
(5) 當心need, dare兩個動詞。這兩個動詞既可以做情態動詞又可以做行爲動詞。做情態動詞時，直接將它們移到句首。此時，若用need的問句，肯定回答時用must，否定回答時，用needn't。若作行爲動詞，則用Do的適當的形式提問。如：
—Need I come here tomorrow?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.
—I need to go to school now. —Do you need to go to school now?
—Dare you tell your father about it?
—Do you dare to go out at night?
英語疑問句語法解析：which, what與who的用法有何區別1. which 和 what 均可與名詞連用，表示對人或物提出疑問(但 who 不能這樣用)。一般說來，當選擇範圍較小或比較明確時，用which; 當選擇範圍較或不明確時用what。如：
Which is bigger, the sun or the earth? 太陽和地球哪個大?
What writers do you like? 你喜歡哪些作家?
注意，以上區別只是一般原則，並不絕對。如也可說：
Which writers do you like? 你喜歡哪些作家?
Which [What] will it be—tea or coffee? 這會是什麼──茶還是咖啡?
2. which, what, who 均可用作代詞(即其後不跟名詞)。關於 which 和 what的和法區別跟上面的分析相似。這裏只談談 who 的用法：who 一般只用來指人，不管選擇範圍大還是小，明確還是不明確均可用(當選擇範圍比較明確且用作賓語時 who 也可用或 which 或 which one 代之)。如：
Who won—Tom or Mike? 誰贏了─湯姆還是邁克?
Who is your favourite poet? 你最喜歡的詩人是誰?
Who [Which, Which one] do you like best—your father or your mother?你更喜歡誰──父親還母親?
3. 正由於 what 和 who 的選擇範圍可以很大或不明確，所以其後可以跟else，但一般不跟表示特定範圍的 of 短語;which 的選擇範圍相對比較小或明確，所以其後一般不接else，但卻常 of 與短語連用。如：
Who [What] else did you see there? 你在那兒還看到了別人的什麼人什麼東西?
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 這三個女孩中哪個年紀最大?
不過，以上說的也是一般情況，有時也有例外，如有時也說：
Who of you three first thought of this? 你們三人中誰最先想到這一點?
英語疑問句語法解析：介詞與疑問詞搭配的幾種類型1、當提問使用含有動詞+介詞小品詞的wh-疑問句時，通常把介詞小品詞放在句末：
Who(m) are you going with? 你同誰一起走?
What are you looking at? 你在看什麼?
Where did you get that suit from? 你從哪兒買到那套衣服的?
How on earth can I get these shoes on? 我到底怎樣才能把這雙鞋子穿上呢?
2、在非常正式的英語裏，介詞可以放在疑問詞之前：
To whom should I apply for more information? 我應該向誰詢問更多的情況?
In which hall will the recital be given? 獨唱會在哪個廳裏舉行呢?
3、在簡略疑問句裏介詞跟在疑問詞後面：
We're off on holiday tomorrow. 一Where to? 我們明天動身去度假。——到哪兒去?
Will you beat these eggs for me? 一What with? 你替我攪拌這些雞蛋好嗎?——用什麼攪拌?
I want to leave this parcel. 一Who for? 我想把這個包裹留下。——留給誰?
英語疑問句語法解析：反意疑問句的概念與結構一、反意疑問句的基本概念
表示問話人有一定看法，但不是完全肯定，需要對方證實;有時說話人還會用反意疑問句來加強陳述句的語氣，並不要求對方回答。反意疑問句前面的陳述句部分用逗號和降調，疑問部分用問號，表示疑問時用升調，用來加強語氣時用降調。
He is a student, isn't he? 他是學生，是不是?(表示疑問，用升調)
The play is interesting, isn't it? 這部戲很有趣，不是嗎?(加強語氣，用降調)
二、反意疑問句的基本結構
反意疑問句由兩部分組成，前一部分是一個陳述句，後一部分是一個省略的疑問句。如果陳述句是肯定的，反意疑問句用否定;如果陳述句是否定的，反意疑問句用肯定的。反意疑問句通常由兩個詞組成，第一個詞是be、情態動詞或助動詞，若是否定式，not通常要用簡略形式;第二個詞是人稱代詞主格(與陳述句的主語相同) 。如：
Kate and Joan can swim, can't they? 凱特和瓊會游泳，是不是?
Tom won't come, will he? 湯姆不會來，對嗎?
三、反意疑問句的回答
要用yes或no回答，回答的內容是肯定的就用yes，回答的內容是否定的就用no，這與漢語不完全相同，同學們要特別注意。如：
—You will never forget him, will you? 你永遠不會忘記他，是嗎?
—Yes, I will. 不，我會忘記。
—No, I won't. 是的，我不會忘記他。
英語疑問句語法解析：反意疑問句的回答方法1. 肯定反意疑問句的回答
當陳述部分爲否定式，反意疑問句爲肯定式時，其回答往往與漢語不一致，需特別引起注意：
"It isn't cheap, is it?" "Yes, it is." “它不便宜吧?”“不，很便宜。”
"He doesn't love her, does he?" "No, he doesn't."“他不愛她，是嗎?”“是的，他不愛她。”
2. 否定反意疑問句的回答
當陳述部分爲肯定式，反意疑問句爲否定式時，其回答一般不會造成困難，一般只需照情況回答即可：
"It's new, isn't it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的，對嗎?”“對，是新的。”
"He wants to go, doesn't he?" "No, he doesn't." “他想去，對嗎?”“不，他不想去。”
3. 回答反意疑問句的原則
回答反意疑問句通常應根據實際情況來確定，如有人問你You are asleep, aren't you? 你應回答No, I'm not. 因爲既然你能回答，肯定你還沒有asleep。但如果別人問你 You aren't asleep, are you?(你還沒有睡着，對嗎)，你也只能回答No, I'm not.(是的，還沒有睡着)，而不能回答爲Yes, I'm not. 也不能回答成 Yes, I am.
英語疑問句語法解析：反義疑問句的回答及特殊情況對反意疑問句的回答，無論問題的提法如何，如果事實是肯定的，就用yes，事實是否定的，就要用no。要特別注意陳述句部分是否定結構，反意疑問句部分用肯定式提問時，回答yes或no與漢語正好相反。這種省略回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。
例：—He likes playing football, doesn't he? 他喜歡踢足球，是嗎?
—Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 是的。/ 不是。
—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹沒有參加會議，是嗎?
—Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 不，她參加了。/ 是的，她沒參加。
簡要總結反意疑問句19條：
1) 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要用may +主語。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (開花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用don't +主語(didn't +主語)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據實際情況而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的並列主語時，疑問部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)陳述部分爲主語從句或並列複合句，疑問部分有三種情況：
a. 並列複合句疑問部分，謂語動詞根據鄰近從句的謂語而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 帶有定語從句，賓語從句的主從複合句，疑問部分謂語根據主句的謂語而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導的定語從句，疑問部分與賓語從句相對應構成反意疑問句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用複數they，有時也用單數he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 帶情態動詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
當dare, need 爲實義動詞時，疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 開頭的祈使句，後用shall we?
Let us 開頭的祈使句，後用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陳述部分是"there be"結構的，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前綴不能視爲否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
英語疑問句語法解析：反意疑問句的三種基本結構結構一：肯定的陳述句 + 否定的簡短問句?
It's Monday today, isn't it? 今天星期一，是嗎?
He often goes to school by bike, doesn't he? 他常常騎自行車上學，對嗎?
They went to the park yesterday, didn't they? 他們昨天去的公園，是嗎?
用法說明：前面陳述部分是肯定形式，後面簡短問句用否定形式。簡短問句的主謂部分通常由陳述部分的主謂語來決定，即人稱一致、時態一致。
對於反意疑問句的回答，總的一個原則是：不管問題的提法如何，只要事實上是肯定的，就用 yes 回答，事實上是否定的，就用 no回答。但當陳述部分是否定句時，回答譯成漢語時不一樣。這與漢語截然不同，應特別注意。如：
—You don't want to go out, do you? 你不想出去，對吧?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 不，我想出去。/ 對，我不想出去。
結構二：否定的陳述句 + 肯定定的簡短問句?
That isn't your book, is it? 那不是你的書，是嗎?
Jim doesn't speak French, does he? 吉姆不會說法語，對嗎?
用法說明：當陳述部分有 hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否定詞時，疑問部分要用肯定形式。如：
He never said she would come, did he? 他從來沒說她會來，是嗎?
Nobody can answer the question, can they? 沒有人能回答這個問題，是嗎?
Few people know about it, do they? 幾乎沒有人知道有關這件事情，是嗎?
You have never seen the film, have you? 你從來沒看過這部電影，是嗎?
Neither you nor I can work it out, can we? 你我都不能算出它，對嗎?
結構三：祈使句 + 簡短問句?
Stop talking, will you? 停止講話，好嗎?
Pass me the pen, will you / won't you? 把這支鋼筆傳給我，好嗎?
Don't be late again, will you? 不要再遲到了，行嗎?
Let us help you, will you? 讓我們幫助你，好嗎?
Let's have a rest, shall we? 咱們休息一會兒，行嗎?
用法說明：
1. 祈使句的反意疑問句，若前面是否定結構，則附加問句只能用 will you。若前面是肯定結構，附加問句用 will you，也可用 won't / would / can / can't you 或 shall we 等，它形式上是反意疑問句，但並不表示正式的疑問句，也不表示反意，而是表示邀請或表示請求。如：
Close all the windows, will you / won't you? 把所有的窗戶都關上，好嗎?
Don't go to the park by bus, will you? 別乘公共汽車去公園，好嗎?
2. let's 用於提出建議幷包括對方時，其附加問句用 shall we。let us 表示徵求對方許可，其附加問句用 will you。let + 第三人稱時，其附加問句用 will you。這種反意疑問句往往用來表示進一步徵求對方的意見，使口氣變得客氣、委婉一些。如：
Let's go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱們首先去看熊貓，好嗎?
Let us wait until 5:00, will you? 讓我們等到5點，好嗎?
英語疑問句語法解析：包含情態動詞的反意疑問句1. 基本原則
在通常情況下，當陳述部分含有情態動詞時，反意疑問句會重複前面同樣的情態動詞：
The boy can read and write, can't he? 這男孩會讀寫，是嗎?
We shouldn't help him, should we? 我們不應該幫助他，對嗎?
You couldn't lend me any money, could you? 你不會借錢給我，對嗎?
2. 當陳述部分含有must時
要分兩種情況：
(1) 若must表示“必須”或“有必要”，反意疑問句用 mustn't 或needn't：
You must leave at once, mustn't [needn't] you? 他必須(有必要)馬上離開，是嗎?
但是若陳述部分有mustn't表示禁止，反意疑問句要must：
You mustn't laugh, must you? 你不準笑，知道嗎?
(2) 若must表示推測，反意疑問句不能用must，而應根據must後的動詞結構採用相應的動詞形式：
He must be tired, isn't he? 他一定累了，是嗎?
He must have read it, hasn't [didn't] he? 他一定讀過它，是嗎?
He must have left yesterday, didn't he? 他昨天一定走了，是嗎?
【注】當陳述部分爲“must+完成式”時，反意疑問句可用have (has)，也可用did。但若句中出現了過去時間狀語，則通常用did。(如上例所示)
3. 當陳述部分含有 may 時
反意疑問句根據情況可用mayn't, mightn't, won't等：
I may leave now, mayn't I? 我可以走了，行嗎?
He may be here next week, mightn't [won't] he? 他下星期可能來這裏，是嗎?
4. 當陳述部分含有needn't時
反意疑問句通常用need，有時也用must：
We needn't tell him, need [must] we? 我們不必告訴他，對嗎?
5. 當陳述部分含有ought to時
反意疑問句在英國英語中用ought to，在美國英語中用should：
We ought to leave early, oughtn't [shouldn't] we? 我們應該早點動身，對不對?
英語疑問句語法解析：反意疑問句1) 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要用may +主語。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (開花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主語。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用don't +主語(didn't +主語)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據實際情況而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的並列主語時，疑問部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陳述部分爲主語從句或並列複合句，疑問部分有三種情況：
a. 並列複合句疑問部分，謂語動詞根據鄰近從句的謂語而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 帶有定語從句，賓語從句的主從複合句，疑問部分謂語根據主句的謂語而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句謂語是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導的定語從句，疑問部分與賓語從句相對應構成反意疑問句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用複數they，有時也用單數he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 帶情態動詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
當dare, need 爲實義動詞時，疑問部分用助動詞do + 主語。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 開頭的祈使句，後用shall we?
Let us 開頭的祈使句，後用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陳述部分是"there be"結構的，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前綴不能視爲否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推測"時，根據其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速記憶表
陳述部分的謂語 疑問部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主語
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含義
rarely, little等否定
含義的詞
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主語(didn't +主語)
used to didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主語
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主語
must 根據實際情況而定
感嘆句中 be +主語
Neither…nor,
either…or 連接的根 據其實際邏輯意義而定
並列主語
指示代詞或不定代詞
everything,that, 主語用it
nothing,this
並列複合句 謂語根據鄰近從句的謂語而定
定語從句,賓語從句的
主從複合句 根據主句的謂語而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引導 與賓語從句相對應的從句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 複數they, 單數he
情態動詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語
dare, need 爲實義動詞 do +主語
省去主語的祈使句 will you?
Let's 開頭的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 開頭的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相應的謂語動詞+there(省略主語代詞)
否定前綴不能視爲否定詞 仍用否定形式
must表"推測" 根據其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句
