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託福閱讀中的易錯詞彙積累

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託福閱讀中的易錯詞彙積累

託福閱讀中的易錯詞彙積累

1) quite 相當 quiet 安靜地

2) affect v 影響, 假裝 effect n 結果, 影響

3) adapt 適應 adopt 採用 adept 內行

4) angel 天使 angle 角度

5) dairy 牛奶廠 diary 日記

6) contend 奮鬥, 鬥爭 content 內容, 滿足的 context 上下文 contest 競爭, 比賽

7) principal 校長, 主要的 principle 原則

8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的

9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放棄 dissert 寫論文

10) pat 輕拍 tap 輕打 slap 掌擊 rap 敲,打

11) decent 正經的 descent n 向下, 血統 descend v 向下

12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水

13) later 後來 latter 後者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近

14) costume 服裝 custom 習慣

15) extensive 廣泛的 intensive 深刻的

16) aural 耳的 oral 口頭的

17) abroad 國外 aboard 上(船,飛機)

18) altar 祭壇 alter 改變

19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音

20) champion 冠軍 champagne 香檳酒 campaign 戰役

21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古倉

22) beam 樑, 光束 bean 豆 been have 過去式

23) precede 領先 proceed 進行,繼續

24) pray 祈禱 prey 獵物

25) chicken 雞 kitchen 廚房

26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驢

27) chore 家務活 chord 和絃 cord 細繩

28) cite 引用 site 場所 sight 視覺

29) clash (金屬)幢擊聲 crash 碰幢,墜落 crush 壓壞

30) compliment 讚美 complement 附加物

31) confirm 確認 conform 使順從

32) contact 接觸 contract 合同 contrast 對照

33) council 議會 counsel 忠告 consul 領事

34) crow 烏鴉 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛

35) dose 一劑藥 doze 打盹

36) drawn draw 過去分詞 drown 溺水

託福閱讀重要的句子解析

1. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mined the desired effect – success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun – as an actor might.

戴着面具身着盛裝的人們,經常扮演各種其他人物、動物或超自然生靈,並且作爲一個扮演者所能做的,就是期盼一個在狩獵或戰役中獲勝、降雨的來臨,陽光的重現的結果。

these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.

但是這些事實不能解釋這個令人感興趣的問題,就是爲什麼在一個特殊的靠近他們出生的地方如此的集中了這麼多懷孕的魚龍。

3.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instruments capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.

十九世紀一系列持續的機械進步,包括踏板的傳入、金屬結構的完善和鋼絲最完美的質量,最後產生了一種能容納無數音調——從最精緻的和絃到一個成熟管絃的聲音或從一個清澈的歌聲到輝煌的敲擊樂的效果——的樂器。

stomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1972 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.

雖然我們習慣於談到1972年以前的電影是無聲的,但用一句完全感性的話來說,電影從來就不是沒有聲音的。

a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal qualifications for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.

多年以來電影音樂的選擇程序完全掌握在導演和音樂督導手中,通常擁有這些權力的主要資格並非是自身的技藝和品味而更多的是因爲擁有大量的個人音樂素材庫。

er, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fibers, dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow.

更進一步,他們是由一個頂層是毛紡或光滑的精紡羊毛織物製作,包含光滑,緊湊的紗線來自長羊毛的纖維染成蘭黑色、綠色、或褐色底層含有粗糙天然的和暗黃色的毛紡材料。

good measure, during the spring and summer drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other frustrations might await the weary growers.

在春季和夏季,要精確量度乾旱、熱量、冰雹、蝗蟲和其他損失可能是一件疲勞的事情。

we today call America folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits.

我們今天所謂的美國民間藝術,實際上是普通老百姓的藝術、被普通老百姓創造的藝術和爲普通老百姓和日常提到的“民間人士”的藝術,是一個他們在社會日漸繁榮和休閒情況下創建的一個包含各種各樣尤其是肖像畫種類的藝術的市場。

people had no agriculture but, over thousands of years, had developed techniques and equipment to exploit their environment, basing their economy on fishing in streams and coastal waters that teemed with salmon, halibut, and other varieties of fish; gathering abalone, mussels, clams, and other shellfish from the rocky coastline; hunting land and sea mammals; and collecting wild plant foods.

他們沒有農業,但是經過幾千年,已經發展了探索自身環境的技術和設備。他們是基於大量出現鮭魚、大比目魚和其他多種魚類的自身流域和水岸捕魚的經濟;基於從落基山水岸聚集了鮑魚、蚌類、蛤和其他貝殼動物的經濟;基於捕獵地域和海洋哺乳動物的經濟;以及基於收集野生植物的食物的經濟。

託福閱讀詞彙的技巧整理

一般說高中基礎的同學詞彙量比較小,高中程度的英語詞彙量是3500個,這離8千的量就少很多了,所以建議兩步走。 第一步找一本詞彙書背一些,同時因爲你詞彙量比較小,而且背單詞比較枯燥,同時也建議你在背單詞書的同時,大量的精讀託福閱讀文章。因爲我們知道你獲得單詞是從兩個方面獲得的,一方面是機械地獲得這個詞彙;

第二塊來自你閱讀的文章中,每篇閱讀文章中,如果是英語單詞比較差的同學,甚至會發現100個單詞不認識。但是我們也發現,在閱讀中背單詞是特別快,而且不容易忘記。所以建議兩方面結合,第一個是背一本單詞書;第二個是大量閱讀新託福的文章,包括老的託福的文章也是特別有意義的文章,同時把裏面的單詞全部都背下來,這對你是非常有利的。 爲什麼這麼強調單詞呢?就在於新託福的閱讀中有1/4的題目全部在於詞彙上。

即將參加SAT考試的同學,一般來說,SAT的閱讀要比託福的難。比方說我們SAT的批判性閱讀部分需要的詞彙量是13000個詞彙量,而託福的閱讀需要8千個詞彙量,從這個比例我們就可以看出來,SAT閱讀比託福要難一些。但是整個的閱讀的感覺和閱讀的題材文章還是有一些差異的,託福的文章主要以科普類的爲多,而SAT有很多的文章是文學類的,歷史類的,所以這一方面需要更多準備。

所以你是完全可以用SAT閱讀去準備託福閱讀的,但是需要你做一個轉變的過程,做一個什麼事情呢?託福中有很多題型是SAT沒有的,所以我建議考完SAT以後,最好再買兩本新託福備考的書,大量做一下練習題,儘快熟悉託福的題型和做題的感覺

新託福閱讀的新題型重點考察句子間的關係

新託福閱讀的拖入文本題有什麼做題技巧?拖入文本題有很多叫法,有的人叫插入文本題,有的叫代入文本題,在託福閱讀中有那麼一個段落,其中有4 個框框,他代表你在題幹中的那句話可以拖入這個裏面來,做題的方法是:第一步一定要優先閱讀題幹中要被拖入到原文的那句話。第二步找要被代入原文那句話當中的關鍵字和要點。因爲我們知道,如果要把一句話代入到原文當中,這句話肯定和原文有很強的關聯性。

然後第三點,我們找的是要被代入原文那句話中的關聯詞,這有很多,比方說一旦看到"因爲",前面講的就可能是原因,因爲這個結果後面有一個情況;再比如你看到THUS,通常表示結果,那麼正確選項在第一個空和第二個空的可能性不是很大,在第三個空和第四個空的可能性比較大,因爲它表示結果,基本都在比較靠後的位置;比如我們看到in contrast,跟前面正好是相反的,所以說這些關鍵詞特別重要,從一定意義上來講是我們做這種題型成敗的關鍵。

第四步我們要找邏輯關係,你要代入這句話的話,跟前面或者後面的話肯定有一種邏輯關係在裏面,到底前後是轉折還是遞進還是表示結果還是什麼樣的關係,這是我們的情況。所以做這種題其實非常非常簡單,就是讀完這句話找到關鍵字以後,回到原文找到對應點代入進去就可以了,一般來說,多數中國同學做這個題還是比較容易的,我建議大家在備考的時候大量練習此類題目的做法。在朗文的綜合教程或者是三角洲的模考題當中前面都有一個專門的章節,有大量的練習題會幫我們解決這個問題。

在此也順便引出一點,我們也發現了一點,新託福閱讀中新增加了五點新題型,都在重點考察句子的層面上,對句子的理解和句子之間的關係的層面上,所以我們在備考的時候對所有的新託福的題型中句子的理解,結構的分析,句子結構之間的邏輯關係得分析作爲我們備考的重點。

新託福口語 是語音語調重要還是敘述的邏輯性相對重要?

在新托福考試中,因爲是上機考試,同學們往往很難把握到底是語音語調重要,還是敘述的邏輯相對重要。其實後者更重要一些:即邏輯更重要或者回答內容更重要。

iBT多選題的關鍵在於題幹

iBT的聽力和閱讀的多選題應該如何把握?這也確實是中國同學比較容易錯的一個地方,新託福iBT中的多選題是這樣的,即一部分題型,每道題當中都有幾個選項是正確選項,也就是我們說的多選題。比如說,閱讀題最後一道題一般都是多選題,多選題分兩類,一類叫圖表題,給你一個圖表,讓你6選3或者 8選4。第二類叫文章內容小節題,文章內容概述題,什麼意思呢?先給你一句話,這句話就是這篇文章的中心思想,請問下面哪幾個選項中反映了這篇文章的中心思想。

這樣的話,這個題目是我們的第二個問法,這是閱讀中我們最常見的兩種多選題,這種題同學們不要有畏懼心理,因爲這類題目分值也比較高,一般是2 分或3分。我們即使答錯一個空,3分題還會拿到兩分,不會給你扣掉所有的分。第二,這個問題是基於你之前問題的答案的基礎上,當你把之前其他的問題都答完了,你整個的這篇文章讀的也很好了,再做這個題的話,基本上問題不大了。只要別錯太多,這種題多少都會有分的。第三,這類題目的數量比較少。所以我們做這個題要特別的細心,做這個題的關鍵在於對這道題題幹中的那句話的理解,因爲這句話就是文章的概述,基本上下面的答案都是符合這句話的,或和這句話有關聯點的,跟這句話扯得太遠的一般就是錯誤選項,所以要求我們特別細心,越細心越好。

託福閱讀的全面解析

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?

The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT

列舉題的解題技巧

列舉題的基本思路是排除,排除與原文相符的選項,與原文相矛盾的選項或原文未提到的選項是正確答案。注意問題中的否定詞Not 和EXCEPT。

1.列舉題的解題步驟

1)看題幹找關鍵詞

問題中有關鍵詞的,可以根據它定位,然後將四個選項與定位的地方進行比較。如果沒有關鍵詞,可以先定位於上一個問題對應的段落之後的段落。

2)閱讀四個選項

題幹中沒有線索的,可以閱讀四個選項,總結其中的共同點進行定位,或者根據各個選項中的關鍵詞一一進行定位。

3)排除與原文相符的選項

將各個選項與原文比較以後,排除其中符合原文意思的選項,剩下的一個選項,或者與原文相矛盾,或者在原文未提到,就是正確答案。例如,

The opposite of an opportunist is a competitor. These organisms tend to have big bodies, are long-lived, and spend relatively little effort each year on reproduction. An oak tree is a good example of a competitor. A massive oak claims its ground for 200 years or more, outcompeting all other would-be canopy trees by casting a dense shade and drawing up any free water in the soil. The leaves of an oak tree taste foul because they are rich in tannins, a chemical that renders them distasteful or indigestible to many organisms. The tannins are part of the defense mechanism that is essential to longevity. Although oaks produce thousands of acorns, the investment in a crop of acorns is small compared with the energy spent on building leaves, trunk, and roots. Once an oak tree becomes established, it is likely to survive minor cycles of drought and even fire. A population of oaks is likely to be relatively stable through time, and its survival is likely to depend more on its ability to withstand the pressures of competition or predation than on its ability to take advantage of chance events. It should be noted, however, that the pure opportunist or pure competitor is rare in nature, as most species fall between the extremes of a continuum, exhibiting a blend of some opportunistic and some competitive characteristics.

All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 7 as contributing to the longevity of an oak tree EXCEPT

the capacity to create shade

leaves containing tannin

the ability to withstand mild droughts and fire

the large number of acorns the tree produces

本題對應第七段(見上文),其中前三個選項所說的條件(從第四句開始)都對oak tree的長壽有利,而第四個選項所說的“acorns的數量”並未與oak tree的壽命直接聯繫在一起,因此爲正確答案。

2.列舉的兩種形式

1)集中列舉

集中列舉的形式有:三個名詞或詞彙連續出現,各個名詞或詞彙之間以逗號隔開;三個短語連續出現;三個句子連續出現。對於集中列舉,只需根據題幹或選項定位原文,排除在原文的集中列舉之處出現的三個選項,剩下的一個選項爲正確答案。例如,

They used the pots they made for cooking, storing food, and carrying things from place to place.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way that ancient people used pottery?

(A) To hold food.

(B) To wash clothes.

(C) To cook.

(D) To transport objects.

2)分散列舉

分散列舉的各項可能出現於同一段落之中,或分佈於全文各段。對於分散列舉,需要根據題幹或選項定位原文,將各個選項與所對應的原文一一進行比較,在原文未提到或與原文相矛盾的選項爲正確答案。例如,

Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd, Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science, A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley and people were aware of famine before Swift. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression the satiric method that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude.

Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they lived in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental, and only partially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold the ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity. Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them when they do not hear them expressed.

The various purposes of satire include all of the following EXCEPT

(A) introducing readers to unfamiliar situations

(B) brushing away illusions

(C) reminding readers of the truth

(D) exposing false values.

這道列舉題的選項分佈於文中各處,是一道分散列舉題。其中選項(B)對應第一段倒數第二句…they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions,選項(C)對應第二段第三句:Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth though rarely to any action on behalf of truth,(D)對應第一段第五句:Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false。(A)與原文第一段的意思“satire並無新意,只是表達獨特”相矛盾,符合題意,爲正確答案。