職場雙語:商界女超人十大成功祕訣

Ever since Fortune, in 1998, started ranking the top women in business (yes, we were first), I've been asking the stars of the Most Powerful Women list how they reached the top and how they stay there. One month away from revealing our 2011 MPW rankings, now seems a good time to share some of their best career tips. Here is my Top 10:

《財富》雜誌（Fortune）從1998年開始評選商界女強人（我們開創了此類評選的先河）。從那時起，我便一直在探討最具影響力商界女性們（Most Powerful Women）的成功祕訣。她們是如何登上巔峯，並保持長久輝煌的？一個月之後，我們將公佈2011年最具影響力商界女性的評選結果，現在正是分享她們職場成功祕訣的時候。以下爲筆者總結的十大祕訣：

1. Don't plan your career. Most of the women on the Fortune MPW list, starting with PepsiCo (PEP) CEO Indra Nooyi, No. 1 in the rankings since 2006, had no clear career map when they graduated college or business school. Rather, they stayed flexible and open to the possibilities.

1. 不必規劃自己的職業生涯。在最具影響力商界女性榜單中，包括從2006年便一直名列榜首的百事可樂公司（PepsiCo）CEO盧英德在內，大部分人從大學或商學院畢業後並沒有明確的職場規劃。相反，她們始終保持靈活和開放的姿態，來迎接任何可能出現的機遇和挑戰。

2. Forget the ladder; climb the jungle gym. What good is a ladder when the world is changing so fast and unpredictably--and who knows what tomorrow's ideal job will be? Think of your career as a jungle gym, sharpen your peripheral vision, and look for opportunities all around.

2. 忘掉晉升階梯；把職場當做攀爬架。世界變化太快，難以捉摸，梯子到底有什麼意義？誰能預見明天最理想的工作是什麼？把自己的職業想象成攀爬架，睜大眼睛，保持開闊的視野，從周圍尋找機會。

3. Worry about the job you're in. "If you don't do that one well, you'll never get the next one," says Jan Fields, who started out cooking French fries at McDonald's (MCD) and rose to U.S. President. While it's important to envision some ultimate goal, says Fields, "you have to focus on what you have right now, or that long-term opportunity won't come."

3. 着眼於眼前。簡•菲爾茲最初在麥當勞（McDonald's）負責炸薯條工作，通過不懈努力終於成爲麥當勞美國區總裁。她認爲：“如果連當前的工作都做不好，何談下一份工作？”菲爾茲表示，預想一個最終目標當然非常重要，但“首先必須專注於眼下的工作，否則永遠不會有長遠的機會。”

4. Follow your compass, not your clock. Avon Products (AVP) CEO Andrea Jung lives by this advice, ever since she got passed over the first time around, for the CEO job. Former Time Inc. (TWX) CEO Ann Moore, on the Avon board at the time, gave Jung this advice. It's good that Jung stayed. In the CEO role since 1999, she's now the longest-serving female chief in the Fortune 500, and she's on the Apple (AAPL) and General Electric (GE) boards.

4. 瞄準人生大方向，不必在意一時得失。可以說，雅芳產品公司（Avon Products）CEO鍾彬嫺的成功靠的就是這句話。當時，她在公司CEO的首次角逐中敗北，時任雅芳董事會成員、時代集團（Time Inc.）前任CEO的安•摩爾給了她這條忠告。於是，鍾彬嫺打消了離開的念頭，留在了公司。鍾彬嫺從1999年便一直擔任雅芳公司CEO，是《財富》500強公司（Fortune 500）中任期最長的女性CEO。同時，她還在蘋果公司（Apple）與通用電氣公司（General Electric）董事會任職。

5. Take risks. Google (GOOG) VP Marissa Mayer had a slew of job offers from well-known companies in 1999 when she was coming out of Stanford University with a Masters in Computer Science. She chose Google, then a brand new startup, because, she says, "I wanted to work for smart people, and I wanted to do things I wasn't ready to do."

5. 勇於冒險。1999年，谷歌公司（Google）現任副總裁瑪麗莎•梅耶爾從斯坦福大學（Stanford University）畢業，獲得了計算機專業碩士學位。當時，有多家知名公司向她伸出了橄欖枝，但她卻選擇了成立不久的初創公司谷歌。對此，她的解釋是因爲“我希望能爲聰明人打工，而且我希望能夠接受從未經歷過的挑戰。”

6. Be yourself. When Ursula Burns learned that she was going to be named CEO of Xerox (XRX), she knew that one of the easiest ways to succeed would be to act like her popular predecessor, who brought the company back from near-bankruptcy. "You can't try to be me," Burns recalls Mulcahy telling her. Burns says this is one of her rules today: "You can be somebody else and follow all your life, but you cannot be somebody else and lead."

6. 做你自己。當烏爾蘇拉•伯恩斯得知自己即將被任命爲施樂公司（Xerox）CEO時，她明白要想獲得成功，最簡單的方法就是延續前任的老路。她的前任梅卡尼深受愛戴，正是她力挽狂瀾，使公司擺脫了瀕臨破產的困境。但據伯恩斯回憶，梅卡尼曾告誡她：“你必須做你自己。”伯恩斯稱，這是她到今天依然堅持的原則之一：“你可以一輩子模仿別人，但模仿別人註定不能成爲領路人。”

7. Don't balance. Juggle. "Stop believing in balance," says Anne Sweeney, who has raised two children including an autistic son while overseeing Disney's (DIS) Media Networks. She calls balance "the B word because it just doesn't exist." On days when you can't get it all done, "the best thing you can do is say, 'You know what? I gave it my best and I'm going to wake up tomorrow morning and try again. She adds, "There are days when it falls into place, but chances are, it happened because you had a lot of smart people that you work with who were knocking it out of the park."

7. 放棄平衡。學會變通。安妮•斯維尼有兩個孩子，其中一個患有自閉症，同時她還要負責監督迪斯尼公司（Disney）媒體網絡部的工作。她建議：“別再相信什麼平衡。”她認爲所謂的平衡“完全是胡說八道。”如果有時候沒辦法做完手頭所有的工作，“最好的選擇就是說：‘知道嗎？我已經盡了全力。現在我要去睡覺了，等明天一早醒來再說吧。’”她補充說：“有時候事事如意，但這或許只是因爲你有許多聰明的同事，他們出色地完成了工作。”

8. Give thanks. While, this may sound Polyannish, the people who make it to the top and stay there--especially women, who are judged within a narrower band of acceptable behavior than men tend to be--give out more appreciation than they take for themselves. "One of the greatest unwritten rules of business," says Gina Drosos, in charge of a $20 billion beauty business at Procter & Gamble (PG), is that it's so important to appreciate the hard work of your team and the people around you." As Drosos notes, the higher you climb, the less you do it all yourself.

8. 善於感恩。儘管這聽起來過於樂觀，但那些能始終身居高位的人極少居功自傲，他們更懂得向他人表達感激之情。女性更是如此，因爲與男性相比，人們對她們的評判更加苛刻。吉娜•德羅索斯負責寶潔公司（Procter & Gamble）200億美元的美容業務。她認爲：“在商界，有一條不成文的原則，那就是要對團隊和同事的努力工作表示感謝，這一點非常重要。”正如德羅索斯所說，職位越高，單打獨鬥的機會就越少。

9. Don't leave before you leave. Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg introduced this advice in an essay that she wrote in Fortune's 2009 Most Powerful Women issue. She wrote the piece out of frustration--seeing way too many young women crimp career ambitions as they anticipate having children or otherwise settling down. Instead of "leaning back"--and then, almost inevitably getting bored--Sandberg advises: "Take life one step at a time and don't make decisions before you have to."

9. 三思而後行。在爲《財富》雜誌2009年最具影響力商界女性專刊撰寫的一篇文章中，Facebook公司首席運營官謝麗爾•桑德伯格提出了這條建議。她寫這篇文章完全是出於沮喪，因爲她發現，太多年輕女性因爲考慮到將來要生孩子或要穩定下來，因而束縛了自己的職業抱負。桑德伯格建議：“路要一步一步地走，除非迫不得已，不要提前做出決定。”因爲過早“退縮”，最終必然會感到厭倦。

10. Own your power. Most women on our MPW list cringed at the word "power" 13 years ago when we launched the annual rankings. Sandberg came around eventually (She describes her "a ha moment" in a recent New Yorker profile). Oprah Winfrey has too. The secret to getting comfortable with your power is to define it your own way. My favorite definition comes from Oprah, who told me: "Power is the ability to impact with purpose."

10. 支配自己的權力。13年前，當我們開始評選年度最具影響力商界女性時，大部分人對於“權力”一詞都感覺不太自在。桑坦伯格最終想通了【她在近期《紐約客》雜誌（New Yorker）的一篇文章中描述了自己當年獲悉入選時最初的不適應】。奧普拉•溫弗瑞也有過類似的經歷。要自如地行使自己的權力，訣竅就在於按照自己的方式對它進行定義。我最鍾愛的定義來自奧普拉•溫弗瑞，她認爲：“權力是能夠有目的地影響其他人的能力。”