移民大軍試圖非法越境，美、墨承諾加強邊境安全

Mexican and U.S. authorities are pledging to prosecute those engaging in violence at the border, after a peaceful march in protest of long asylum processing times Sunday ended with a group of migrants breaking off and trying to cross and U.S. border patrol agents responding with tear gas.

U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen said Customs and Border Patrol personnel "were struck by projectiles thrown by caravan members," and the agency said that prompted officers to use the tear gas "because of the risk to agents' safety."

Mexico's Interior Ministry said in a statement that authorities were able to contain a group of about 500 people who "in a violent manner" tried to cross the border near the San Ysidro crossing, and that those who are identified as participating would be immediately deported.

The statement said that in accordance with the Mexican government's policy of respecting human rights and the non-criminalization of migration, it would not deploy military forces to control the migrants, but that it would reinforce the border points where people tried to break through.

The Tijuana government said officers arrested 39 people.

About 5,000 people -- Most of them from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador -- have gathered in Tijuana after traveling in caravans in search of asylum to escape poverty and violence in their homelands, and many are expressing frustration at long wait times for their cases to be heard. San Ysidro is the busiest U.S. land crossing, and authorities there currently process about 100 asylum seekers per day.

The migrants' arrival has been met by some opposition from people in Tijuana, where many shelters were already at capacity, and on the U.S. side of the border by increased security measures that include members of the military deployed there by President Donald Trump.

U.S. authorities closed the San Ysidro crossing to vehicle traffic in both directions as well as pedestrians for several hours before fully reopening late Sunday. About 100,000 people cross there each day.

Earlier Sunday, Tijuana Mayor Juan Manuel Gastelum said he will not allow bilateral relations to be broken by bad actions of the migrant caravan.

Gastelum has been outspoken against the migrants, and last week he declared a humanitarian crisis in his city as it struggles to accommodate them. Most of the migrants are being housed at a sports complex, where they face long wait times for food and bathrooms.

Trump has called on Mexico and countries farther to the south to take actions that would prevent such migrant caravans from ever reaching the U.S. border.

The Mexican Interior Ministry said Sunday that since October 19, it had sent nearly 2,000 Central Americans who were part of recent caravans back to their countries.

On Saturday, Trump said the migrants would not be allowed into the United States until a court approves their asylum claim, which would break from existing policy allowing asylum seekers to remain in the U.S. until an immigration judge hears their case.

But Mexico's incoming government, which assumes power December 1, denied that it is willing to let U.S. asylum-seekers stay there pending the outcome of their cases in U.S. immigration courts, which could take years.墨西哥和美國當局誓言對那些在邊境參與暴力事件的人提出起訴。之前在星期天進行的反對庇護處理時間長的和平抗議以一羣移民分開行動後試圖越過美墨邊境，導致美國邊境巡邏人員發放催淚瓦斯而告終。

美國國土安全部部長尼爾森表示，海關和邊境巡邏人員“遭到移民大軍的成員拋出的射彈襲擊”。國土安全部表示，這促使官員們爲特工人員的安全起見而動用催淚瓦斯。

墨西哥內政部在一份聲明中說，當局得以控制約500人，他們“以暴力的方式”試圖越過聖伊西德羅過境點附近的邊境，而那些被確認參與的人將立即被驅逐出境。

聲明說，根據墨西哥政府尊重移民的人權和不予定罪的政策，它不會部署軍隊來控制移民，而是會在移民試圖衝過的過境點加強安全保護

墨西哥的蒂華納市當局稱警方逮捕了39人。

目前有主要來自洪都拉斯、危地馬拉和薩爾瓦多的大約5000名移民聚集在蒂華納，他們稱爲逃離家鄉的貧困和暴力尋求庇護。許多人對他們的庇護案要經過需漫長的等待才能回審理而感到不滿。聖伊西德羅是美國最繁忙的陸路口岸，當局每天處理大約100名尋求庇護者的申請。

這些移民的到來已經引起蒂華納一些當地人的反對，那裏的許多庇護所已經處於飽和狀態，並且在邊境的另一邊，美國方面已加強了安全措施，其中包括特朗普總統下令部署到邊境的部隊。

美國將聖伊西德羅過境點進出車輛和行人交通關閉了幾個小時，週日晚間才重新開放。那裏每天約有10萬人過境。

星期天早些時候，蒂華納市長加斯特倫表示，他不會允許移民大軍的不良行爲破壞與美方的關係。

加斯特倫一直直言不諱提出對移民的批評。由於蒂華納在安置移民方面陷入困境，他上週宣佈那裏進入人道主義危機。大多數移民都被安置在一個體育場館，得到食物和上廁所都要等好久。

特朗普呼籲墨西哥以及更南部的國家採取行動，阻止這些移民大軍來到美國邊境。

墨西哥內政部週日表示，自10月19日起，它已將近2000名中美洲移民送回了他們的國家，這些人是移民大軍的一部分。

特朗普總統週六表示，這些移民在法院批准他們的庇護申請之前不會獲准進入美國。這將改變現行政策，就是在移民法官審理庇護案件前允許尋求庇護者留在美國。

即將在12月1日上臺的墨西哥新政府表示，不願意讓尋求美國庇護者留在墨西哥等待美國移民法庭的審理結果，等待時間可能長達數年。