英超掀起金元足球大戰
English Premier League football clubs have broken all previous records to sign players this summer and the big spending will not stop until the transfer window shuts tonight.
英超(English Premier League)足球俱樂部今年夏季打破了之前所有的轉會費紀錄，大手筆的支出直至週三晚轉會窗口關閉才結束。
The three-month summer period when clubs can purchase players closes at 11pm BST, with the rush to acquire players expected to reach its zenith on the final day.
俱樂部可以購買球員的3個月夏季轉會窗在英國夏令時時間週三晚11點關閉，各俱樂部競相購買球員的努力有望在最後一天達到頂峯。
According to Deloitte, the sum splashed out on players by 9am yesterday was ￡925m, already exceeding the previous peak of ￡870m spent during the same period last season.
德勤(Deloitte)數據顯示，截至週二上午9時，球員轉會費總額達到9.25億英鎊，已經超出上一賽季同期創出的8.7億英鎊的紀錄。
The sales have been fuelled by bumper broadcasting revenues, stiff competition at the top of the league and a host of new coaches urging club owners to spend to secure success.
助推今夏轉會狂潮的是豐厚的轉播權收入、英超頂級球隊的激烈競爭以及衆多新教練敦促俱樂部老闆砸錢確保成功。
These factors led to the world record signing of Paul Pogba, worth up to Euro110m, by Manchester United from Italy’s Juventus earlier this month.
這些因素導致8月上旬曼聯(Manchester United)以高達1.1億英鎊的價格從意大利的尤文圖斯(Juventus)買下保羅•博格巴(Paul Pogba)，創出全球最高的轉會費紀錄。
According to people familiar with the process, the French midfielder was the subject of a bidding war between Spain’s Real Madrid and the English club.
知情人士表示，西班牙的皇家馬德里(Real Madrid)曾和曼聯爭搶這位法國中場球員。
Real Madrid boasted of its on-field success in attempting to entice the player to join them, having just won the Champions League for the second time in three years, while Man United had failed to qualify for European football’s most prestigious club tournament for the second time in three years.
皇家馬德里曾誇口其球場戰績將吸引博格巴加盟，該俱樂部剛剛在三年時間裏第二次贏得歐冠聯賽冠軍，而曼聯在三年時間裏第二次未能獲得參加這個歐洲足球最負盛名的俱樂部聯賽的資格。
But off-field riches counted for more in Pogba’s decision to return to theEnglish club where he had developed as a youth player.
但在博格巴重返曼聯的決定中——博格巴曾在曼聯青年隊效力——球場外的財富佔據了上風。
Madrid were interested in Pogba, but [Manchester United] are delighted he came back, says a person close to the deal.
一位知情人士表示：皇家馬德里對博格巴感興趣，但（曼聯）對他回來非常高興。
It is the largest acquisition by a Premier League club during a bumper summer transfer window.
這是英超俱樂部在火爆的夏季轉會窗口進行的最大手筆購買。
Yesterday, Arsenal signed striker Lucas Pérez and is expected to complete the transfer of defender Shkodran Mustafi today, for fees of more than ￡50m in total.
週二，阿森納(Arsenal)簽約前鋒球員盧卡斯•佩雷斯(Lucas Pérez)，並有望於週三完成後衛球員施科德蘭•穆斯塔菲(Shkodran Mustafi)的轉會，總計費用超過5000萬英鎊。
Asked at a press conference last week how much English clubs would spend this summer, Arsenal manager Arsène Wenger said: A billion? Higher than that.
在上週記者招待會上被問及英格蘭俱樂部今年夏季將會花多少錢的時候，阿森納主教練阿爾賽納•溫格(Arsène Wenger)表示：10億？比這高。
I don’t know the final level but I’m convinced there are many, many clubs in England who have a big amount of money available who have not spent yet . . . you will be amazed.
我不知道最終的水平，但我確信英格蘭有許多、許多俱樂部有大量資金可以動用，而且迄今還沒有花出去……你將會感到震驚。
Pogba’s transfer fee prompted renewed outcry over the vast sums football clubs spend on players, but when viewed relative to operating income, clubs are spending less on these signings than was recently the case.
博格巴的轉會費再次引發人們對足球俱樂部大手筆購買球員的不滿，但相對於營業收入，俱樂部的簽約費用比之前低。
Manchester United’s outlay on Pogba represents 20.2 per cent of its operating income for 2015 — the latest figures available — and could fall to less than 18 per cent if expected earnings for 2016 are realised.
曼聯爲博格巴支付的轉會費相當於該俱樂部2015年營業收入（最新可獲得數據）的20.2%，如果2016年能夠實現預計收入的話，這一比例可能降至不足18%。
Either of these figures would be far down on the profligacy shown by Europe’s elite clubs at the turn of the millennium, when Real Madrid spent more than 50 per cent of their income in signing each of Luis Figo and Zinedine Zidane.
無論哪一個數字，都遠低於歐洲頂級俱樂部在本世紀之交展現出的揮霍水平，當時皇家馬德里簽約路易斯•菲戈(Luis Figo)和齊內丁•齊達內 (Zinedine Zidane)的費用都超過收入的50%。
Clubs are able to spend lavishly as all 20 Premier League teams have a guaranteed ￡100m in television rights revenues from a new ￡5.1bn deal with Sky and BT that came into effect this season.
這些足球俱樂部能夠大手筆支出，是因爲英超20家球隊與天空電視臺(Sky)和英國電信(BT)簽署了51億英鎊的新合同，每家球隊都可以確保1億英鎊的電視轉播權收入。新合同從本賽季開始生效。
The clubs will further benefit from deals for overseas screening rights worth up to ￡ Jones, lead partner at Deloitte’s Sports Business Group, says two other factors explain the spending spree.
這些俱樂部還將受益於價值高達30億英鎊的海外轉播協議。德勤體育事業羣的主要合夥人丹•瓊斯(Dan Jones)表示，這種支出狂歡還有其他兩個原因。
The first was the surprising performances of historically less-successful Leicester City and Tottenham Hotspur last season, who finished first and third in the league.
第一個是歷史上不怎麼成功的萊斯特城(Leicester City)和托特納姆熱刺(Tottenham Hotspur)在上賽季令人意外的表現，它們分獲英超冠軍和季軍。
This has pushed rivals to spend to challenge once more for a top four place that secures entry to the Champions League.
這促使競爭對手們爲再次進入英超前四名、從而確保有資格參加歐冠聯賽而花錢。
The second factor is that some leading English clubs have hired new managers.
第二個原因是，一些頂級英格蘭足球俱樂部聘請了新教練。
Data suggest new coaches push their clubs to spend additional sums to reshape a playing squad in their image.
數據顯示，新教練促請俱樂部增加支出，以按照他們的想法重新組織戰隊。
Management changes include José Mourinho to Manchester United, Pep Guardiola joining Manchester City and Antonio Conte at Chelsea.
教練變動包括若澤•穆里尼奧(José Mourinho)加盟曼聯，佩普•瓜迪奧拉(Pep Guardiola)加入曼城(Manchester City)，以及安東尼奧•孔蒂(Antonio Conte)加入切爾西(Chelsea)。
But Mr Jones concludes: The TV cash is the prime catalyst for the spending.
但瓊斯總結稱：電視轉播帶來的收入是此次支出狂歡的主要催化劑。
English clubs were already among the richest in the world, with the latest broadcasting deals exacerbating the difference in wealth between the Premier League and other European teams.
英格蘭足球俱樂部已經進入全球最富有的足球俱樂部之列，最新的轉播協議加大了英超和其他歐洲球隊之間的財富差距。
Before Pogba, the previous two most expensive signings — Cristiano Ronaldo and Gareth Bale — both involved Real Madrid buying the stars from English clubs.
在博格巴之前的兩次最貴轉會——克里斯蒂亞諾•羅納爾多(Cristiano Ronaldo)和加雷思•貝爾(Gareth Bale)——都是皇家馬德里購買英格蘭俱樂部的球星。
Club revenues for the 2014-15 season, the latest period for when figures are available show Real Madrid earned the most in the the world.
2014-2015賽季的俱樂部收入數據（可獲得的最新數據）表明，皇家馬德里的收入是全球最高的。
But from this year, Deloitte has predicted that Manchester United will take top position.
但德勤預計，從今年開始，曼聯將登上榜首。
In terms of total revenues, including ticket sales, sponsorship and merchandise, 17 English clubs are already among the top 30 highest-earning clubs in the world.
就包括門票收入、贊助和商品銷售在內的總收入來說，17家英格蘭足球俱樂部已經邁入全球30家收入最高的俱樂部之列。
Only three teams outside England — Real Madrid, Barcelona and Juventus — generate more than ￡100m in broadcasting revenues.
英格蘭以外只有3傢俱樂部轉播權收入超過1億英鎊——皇家馬德里、巴塞羅那(Barcelona)和尤文圖斯。
As long as there’s revenue growth, there will be bigger transfer fees and player wages, says Mr Jones.
瓊斯表示：只要收入增長，就會有更高的轉會費和球員薪資。
Most football clubs exist to win matches and not to make profits.
大多數足球俱樂部存在的目的是爲了贏得比賽而不是盈利。
