左派還是右派 Facebook已給你貼上標籤
You may think you are discreet about your political views. But Facebook, the world’s largest social media network, has come up with its own determination of your political leanings, based on your activity on the site.
你可能覺得自己在表達政治觀點時非常謹慎。不過，世界上最大的社交媒體網絡Facebook已經根據你在該網站上的活動，自行決定了你的政治傾向。
And now, it is easy to find out how Facebook has categorized you — as very liberal or very conservative, or somewhere in between.
現在，很容易找出Facebook對你的歸類——極端自由派、極端保守派，或者介於兩者之間。
Try this (it works best on your desktop computer):
試一下吧（在臺式電腦上最方便）：
Go to on your browser. (You may have to log in to Facebook first.)
在瀏覽器上打開（你可能得先登錄Facebook）。
That will bring you to a page with your ad preferences. Under the “Interests” header, click the “Lifestyle and Culture” tab.
你會看到一個關於你的廣告偏好的網頁。點擊“興趣”(Interests)那一欄的“生活方式和文化”按鈕(Lifestyle and Culture)。
Then look for a box titled “US Politics.” In parentheses, it will describe how Facebook has categorized you, such as liberal, moderate or conservative.
然後尋找一個名叫“美國政治”(US Politics)的方框。括號裏寫着Facebook對你的歸類，比如自由派、溫和派或保守派。
(If the “US Politics” box does not show up, click the “See more” button under the grid of boxes.)
（如果“美國政治”方框沒有出現，那就點擊那一堆方框下面的“更多”[See more]按鈕。）
Facebook makes a deduction about your political views based on the pages that you like — or on your political preference, if you stated one, on your profile page. If you like the page for Hillary Clinton, Facebook might categorize you as a liberal.
Facebook根據你喜歡的網頁對你的政治觀點做出推斷——或者是根據你在簡介頁面註明的政治傾向（如果你註明了的話）。如果你喜歡希拉里•克林頓(Hillary Clinton)的主頁，那麼Facebook可能把你歸爲自由派。
Even if you do not like any candidates’ pages, if most of the people who like the same pages that you do — such as Ben and Jerry’s ice cream — identify as liberal, then Facebook might classify you as one, too.
就算你不喜歡瀏覽候選人的主頁，如果跟你瀏覽相同網頁（比如Ben and Jerry’s牌冰激凌）的大部分人被認定爲自由派，那麼Facebook可能也把你歸入自由派。
Facebook has long been collecting information on its users, but it recently revamped the ad preferences page, making it easier to view.
Facebook長期以來一直在收集用戶信息，不過它最近改進了廣告偏好網頁，讓它更易於瀏覽。
The information is valuable. Advertisers, including many political campaigns, pay Facebook to show their ads to specific demographic groups. The labels Facebook assigns to its users help campaigns more precisely target a particular audience.
這些信息很有價值。廣告商，包括很多政治競選機構，花錢讓Facebook把自己的廣告展示給特定的細分羣體。Facebook給用戶加的標籤能幫助競選團隊更精準地鎖定某些用戶。
For instance, Donald J. Trump’s presidential campaign has paid for its ads to be shown to those who Facebook has labeled politically moderate.
比如，唐納德•J•特朗普(Donald J. Trump)的總統競選團隊花錢把廣告展示給被Facebook標記爲溫和派的用戶。
Campaigns can also use the groupings to show different messages to different supporters. They may want to show an ad to their hard-core supporters, for example, that is unlike an ad targeted at people just tuning in to the election.
競選團隊還可以利用這些分組，把不同的信息展示給不同的支持者。比如，他們想給鐵桿支持者展示的廣告可能不同於給剛開始關心大選的人的廣告。
It is not clear how aggressively Facebook is gathering political information on users outside the United States. The social network has 1.7 billion active users, including about 204 million in the United States.
尚不清楚Facebook在收集美國之外用戶的政治信息方面的積極程度。這個社交網絡共有17億活躍用戶，其中美國用戶約爲2.04億。
Political outlook is just one of the attributes Facebook compiles on its users. Many of the others are directly commercial: whether you like television comedy shows, video games or Nascar.
政治觀點只是Facebook新增的一項用戶信息。其他很多信息都直接跟商業有關：你是否喜歡電視喜劇節目、電子遊戲或全國汽車比賽協會(Nascar)的賽事。
To learn more about how political campaigns are targeting voters on social media, The New York Times is collecting Facebook ads from our readers with a project called AdTrack. You can take part by visiting and searching for “Send us the political ads.”
爲了更多地瞭解政治競選團隊如何在社交媒體上鎖定選民，《紐約時報》正在從讀者中收集Facebook的廣告，這個項目名叫AdTrack。你可以通過訪問，搜索“給我們發政治廣告”(Send us the political ads)進行參與。
