恐怖殺手馬丁是如何激進化的
The waterside stretch of central Florida where Omar Mateen lived, roaming between the upmarket town of Port St Lucie and the downmarket town of Fort Pierce, is a conservative zone known as the “Treasure Coast”.
奧馬爾•馬丁(Omar Mateen)生前居住的中佛羅里達瀕水地區從高檔市鎮聖露西港(Port St Lucie)綿延至低檔市鎮匹爾斯堡(Port St Lucie)，是一個被稱爲“寶藏海岸”的保守地區。
It contains the identikit car dealers, fast food outlets and cheque-cashing facilities visible in so many parts of the US, but with the addition of palm trees, blue skies and boat repair and tackle shops.
這裏有美國到處都能看到的一模一樣的汽車經銷商、快餐店和支票兌現設施，但除此之外還有棕櫚樹、藍色的天空、船隻修理處和漁具店。
It has become more ethnically diverse in recent years: 20 per cent of people in St Lucie county now speak a language other than English at home. And it has ridden the housing rollercoaster: Port St Lucie’s population grew faster than any other city in 2005, and then the area endured an especially painful bust in 2008-09.
近年來這個地區所居住的族裔變得更加多樣：聖露西縣現在有20%的人在家中說英語以外的語言。這個地區飽經房市的大起大落：2005年聖露西港的人口比其他任何城市增長得都快，然後在2008-09年這個地區又經歷了尤爲痛苦的崩潰。
But it offers no overt signs of what could have turned Mateen, 29, from the treasure of his surroundings to a terrorist who killed 49 people when he stormed a gay nightclub in Orlando. US authorities said yesterday he appeared not to have been part of any external plot, but was instead radicalised online. That culminated in a call to emergency services to proclaim allegiance to the jihadi group Isis at the time of the shootings, but before law enforcement officers stormed the building.
但並沒有什麼明顯的跡象表明，是什麼讓29歲的馬丁在不錯的生活環境變成一名恐怖分子，衝進奧蘭多一家同性戀夜店，殺害49人。美國有關部門昨日表示，他似乎並未涉及任何外部陰謀，而是在網上變得激進化的。最終的結果便是他在開槍殺戮的中途打電話給緊急服務機構，宣誓效忠聖戰組織“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國”(ISIS)；那是在執法人員衝進這棟建築之前。
At the mosque Mateen attended near his home in Fort Pierce, however, a genial board member acquainted with him said he had seen absolutely no sign of radicalisation.
馬丁在匹爾斯堡家附近常去的清真寺裏，一名認識他的舉止溫和的理事會成員表示，他根本沒在馬丁身上看到什麼激進化的跡象。
Adel Nefzi, the board member at the Islamic Center of Fort Pierce, said: “[He was] very quiet. And he comes with his son. His son is three, four years old. And if you ask me how you judge his interaction with him, from what I’ve seen he is a loving father. He plays, he hugs his son, he kisses his son. We have no explanation as to what happened.”
匹爾斯堡伊斯蘭中心的理事會成員阿德爾•奈夫齊(Adel Nefzi)說：“（他）非常安靜。他和他的兒子一起來。他的兒子三、四歲。如果你要問我如何評價他和他兒子的互動，在我看來他是一名慈愛的父親。他和他兒子玩耍，擁抱和親吻他的兒子。我們無法解釋所發生的事情。”
He was as surprised as everyone when the Federal Bureau of Investigation revealed on Sunday that it had twice investigated Mateen in 2013 and 2014, including for alleged ties to a US suicide bomber in Syria, but found no reason to take further action.
聯邦調查局(FBI)週日透露曾在2013年和2014年兩次對馬丁進行調查，包括馬丁涉嫌和敘利亞境內的一名美國籍自殺式炸彈攻擊者有聯繫，但沒有發現採取進一步行動的理由。對此，奈夫齊和所有人一樣驚訝。
Mr Nefzi said the mosque’s sermons contained no hostility towards homosexuals. And he responded with a curt “no” to questions about whether the mosque had any connections to or received any funding from Saudi Arabia or other Muslim countries. “If [radicalisation] happened, certainly not in this community — if it happened,” he said.
奈夫齊表示，這間清真寺在佈道中沒有宣講仇視同性戀的內容。當被問及這間清真寺是否和沙特阿拉伯或者其他穆斯林國家有關聯，或者從這些國家獲得任何資金的時候，他用了一個簡短的“不”來回答。“如果（激進化）發生，肯定不是在這個社區——如果真的發生了激進化的話，”他說。
In a town with a population of just over 40,000, the mosque’s busiest Friday prayer service had 100-150 worshippers, Mr Nefzi said. Mateen came to pray three or four times a week.
這個鎮的人口略多於4萬人；奈夫齊說，這間清真寺最忙碌的週五祈禱會有100到150名禮拜者參加。馬丁每週來禮拜3到4次。
Mateen was born in New York and moved to Florida as a child with his parents, who are from Afghanistan. He had worked as a guard for the private security company G4S Secure Solutions since 2007, a job that gave him a firearms licence. CNN reported that in the past two weeks Mateen legally purchased a Glock pistol from a St Lucie county area gun store, which was subsequently found at the scene of the massacre.
馬丁出生於紐約，小時候就和來自阿富汗的雙親移居佛羅里達。自2007年以來他在私人安保公司G4S Secure Solutions當保安，這份工作讓他獲得了持槍證。據美國有線電視新聞網(CNN)報道，過去兩週馬丁從聖露西縣的一間槍支商店合法地購買了一支格洛克(Glock)手槍，這支手槍後來在慘案現場被發現。
He lived in an apartment in a low-rent Fort Pierce neighbourhood of listing wire fences and overgrown verges. If the blinds on his apartment windows were open — and they were closed yesterday with no sign of movement inside — they would offer a view of a pretty ornamental lake.
馬丁的小家庭住在匹爾斯堡一個有着歪歪斜斜的鐵絲籬笆、青草生長得過於茂密的低房租地段的一間公寓裏。如果拉開他的公寓的窗簾，能看到一個漂亮的人工湖。昨天，這間公寓的窗簾拉上了，看不出裏面有任何動靜。
Trisha Adorno, one of his neighbours, said she had never seen anything untoward. “He was sweet. He was super sweet,” she said. “Though I saw his wife and kid more than anything.”
他的鄰居之一特麗莎•阿多爾諾(Trisha Adorno)表示，她從未發現任何不對勁的地方。她說：“他很討人喜歡，非常討人喜歡。不過，我見到最多的是他的妻子和孩子。”
Pictures of Mateen on MySpace — identified by acquaintances — show a young man with short, dark hair with a predilection for snapping “selfies”, at various points posing in New York Police Department T-shirts; a traditional Afghan kameez, or robe, and skullcap; and grinning topless into the camera.
經熟人確認的馬丁在MySpace網站上的照片，顯示了一位偏愛“自拍”的、留深色短髮的年輕人。這些自拍照片拍攝於不同場合，有穿着帶紐約警察局(NYPD)字樣的T恤拍的，有穿着傳統的阿富汗克米茲長袍、戴着無邊小帽拍的，還有坦露上身拍的。
Mateen’s father, Mir Seddique Mateen, lives in Port St Lucie and told NBC News that the sight of two men kissing on a Miami beach a few months ago had at one point angered his son. “We are saying we are apologising for the whole incident,” the father told the television station. “We weren’t aware of any action he is taking.”
馬丁的父親米爾•賽迪克•馬丁(Mir Seddique Mateen)居住在聖露西港。他曾向NBC新聞(NBC News)表示，他兒子幾個月前在邁阿密一個海灘上看到兩名男子接吻，這一度令他兒子十分憤怒。這名父親向電視臺表示：“我們要說，我們對整個事件表示道歉。我們對他的任何行爲都一無所知。”
At the city’s only gay bar, a dingy venue called Tattle Tails, a vigil was held on Sunday night for the victims of the Pulse massacre. Several of the drinkers said the area’s conservatism sometimes made them uncomfortable. They even expressed surprise at how many gay, lesbian and transgender people turned out for the vigil.
在該市唯一的同性戀酒吧、昏暗的Tattle Tails，週日晚上舉辦了爲Pulse大屠殺死難者守夜的活動。幾名酒客表示，該地區的保守主義有時候會令他們很不自在。他們甚至對出席這一守夜活動的男同性戀、女同性戀及跨性別者的人數表示吃驚。
A bulky patron who introduced himself as Daddy Jim said St Lucie county’s small Muslim community was barely visible, but he recalled that some of the 9/11 attackers had lived further down the Florida coast. “Hearing that it was in your backyard again wasn’t a huge shock,” he said. “It was a surprise. But these days you don’t know any more.”
一位自稱“吉姆老爹”(Daddy Jim)的大個子顧客表示，聖露西港的穆斯林羣體很小，幾乎看不見。不過，他記得9/11事件的部分襲擊者曾住在佛羅里達海岸線更南邊一些的地方。他說：“聽到這事再次發生在我們後院，並不讓人特別震驚。它令人意外。然而這年頭你什麼都搞不懂了。”
