中國稱科技公司不必擔心反恐法

BEIJING — Beijing reacted on Wednesday to President Obama’s criticism of China’s rules for technology companies by saying that a draft antiterrorism law would not affect the “legitimate rights” of network operators.

北京——中國政府週三對奧巴馬總統批評中國的技術企業監管規則一事做出迴應，稱反恐法草案不會影響網絡運營商的“正當利益”。

The pushback against American insistence that China temper its rules is part of a deepening conflict between Beijing and Washington over a number of new regulations that the United States government and technology industry say go too far in broadly demanding access to user data, encryption methods and intellectual property.

對美國堅持要求中國改變規則的抵制，是北京與華盛頓之間在新規則問題上的矛盾不斷加深的一種表現，美國政府和技術行業認爲這些規則在獲取用戶數據、加密方法和知識產權上的露骨要求太過分了。

Fu Ying, the spokeswoman for China’s legislature, said that the antiterrorism bill was in accordance with the basic principles of administrative law and was justified in asking that technology companies make telecommunications and Internet ports accessible to the government for investigations.

中國立法機構的發言人傅瑩說，反恐法符合行政法的基本原則，要求技術公司讓政府爲調查恐怖活動使用電信和互聯網的技術接口是正當的。

“It is also the general practice internationally, and it will not affect the legitimate rights of Internet operators,” Ms. Fu said, according to Xinhua, the state-run news agency. She was addressing a news conference before a meeting of the Chinese legislature, the National People’s Congress.

據國家通訊社新華社報道，傅瑩說，“這也是國際上比較普遍的做法，不會影響網絡經營者的正當利益”。她是在全國人民代表大會的一個新聞發佈會上說的這番話。

Ms. Fu said that the antiterrorism bill had been the subject of heated discussions among legislators, and that it had been refined to clarify that, with strict limitations, only government security agencies would be allowed to monitor data, and only for the purpose of investigating and forestalling terrorist activities.

傅瑩說，反恐法草案經過立法者們的激烈討論，已經得到了細化，明確了其適用範圍的嚴格限制條件，只允許政府安全機構監視數據，而且只用於調查和防範恐怖活動的目的。

Hua Chunying, the spokeswoman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said on Tuesday that China was doing what was necessary to guard against the risks of terrorism.

外交部發言人華春瑩週二表示，中國的做法是防範和打擊恐怖主義的必然要求。

“To issue the antiterrorism law is part of China’s internal affairs,” Ms. Hua said at the ministry’s daily news conference in Beijing. “We hope the U.S. will treat it in a correct, calm and objective way.”

華春瑩在外交部在北京舉行的每日例行記者會上說，“有關立法是中國內政，希望美方正確、冷靜、客觀對待處理。”

On Monday, Mr. Obama told Reuters in an interview that if China wanted to do business with the United States, the rules would have to be changed.

週一，奧巴馬在接受路透社採訪時表示，如果中國想要和美國做生意的話，這些規則必須改變。

Although the antiterrorism law is still in draft form, over the last few months China has passed new regulations for specific industries, like banking and finance, requiring information technology suppliers to turn over source code, to submit to invasive audits and to build so-called back doors into hardware and software.

雖然反恐法仍是草案，但在過去的幾個月裏，中國已經給諸如銀行和金融等特定行業制定了新規則，要求信息技術供應商交出源代碼，接受侵入式的審計，並建立進入硬件和軟件的所謂後門。

Beijing’s suggestion that its rules are fair may be of little comfort to technology companies. The United States alleges that Chinese government agencies have hacked American companies to gain commercial advantage through access to intellectual property and other trade secrets. Human rights advocatesalso say that China often uses the pretense of cracking down on terrorism to go after activists and others it sees as a threat to its power.

北京稱其規則是公平的說法對技術公司可能沒有多少安慰。美國聲稱，中國政府部門已經侵入美國公司網絡，通過獲得知識產權和其他商業祕密來取得商業優勢。倡導人權的人士也說，中國經常打着打擊恐怖主義的幌子，來調查活動人士和其他政府認爲對其權力構成威脅的人。

Contrary to Ms. Fu’s statements, whether or not technology companies should turn over user data to government agencies conducting investigations has in recent years become a hotly contested issue.

與傅瑩的表述相反，技術公司是否應該把用戶數據交給進行調查的政府機構，近年來已成爲一個備受爭議的問題。

Following the revelations by Edward J. Snowden, a former National Security Agency contractor, of American government snooping on electronic communications, technology companies have taken steps to encrypt their products and services more heavily. At times those moves have led to complaints from the United States government. A move last autumn by Apple to encrypt products in such a way that it would be impossible for the company to comply with warrants asking for customer information — like photos, emails and call histories — drew sharp complaints from the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

美國國家安全局(National Security Agency)前承包商僱員愛德華·J·斯諾登(Edward J. Snowden)披露美國政府監聽電子通訊之後，技術公司已採取措施，對他們的產品和服務進行更強的加密。有時，這些措施已引起美國政府的抱怨。蘋果公司(Apple)去年秋天採取了一種加密方法，使公司不可能遵守要求提供客戶信息——如照片、電子郵件，以及通話史記錄——的授權令，引起了聯邦調查局的嚴重不滿。

The antiterrorism law in China could make it impossible for Apple and other companies to continue with their current encryption methods within that country.

中國的反恐法可能會讓蘋果以及其他公司無法在中國繼續使用其目前的加密方法。

Even as Mr. Obama complains about China’s technology rules, in some ways the regulations show how Beijing and Washington have a similar outlook on electronic communications. Both would like to be able to collect data when they deem it necessary and strongly oppose encryption that foils such efforts.

儘管奧巴馬抱怨中國的技術規定，但從某些方面來看，這些規定顯示，北京和華盛頓對電子通訊的看法有多麼類似。兩國政府都希望在他們認爲有必要時能夠收集數據，兩國政府都強烈反對阻止這種努力的加密方法。