雙語暢銷書《我是馬拉拉》第2章3:軍人執政

There was little to do in my father’s village. It was too narrow even for a cricket pitch and only one family had a television. On Fridays the brothers would creep into the mosque and watch in wonder as my grandfather stood in the pulpit and preached to the congregation for an hour or so, waiting for the moment when his voice would rise and practically shake the rafters.

父親的村子裏沒什麼娛樂可言。那裏實在太狹窄，連打個板球的地方都沒有，村子裏只有一戶人家裏有電視。每週五，他們兄弟倆就會偷偷溜進清真寺，崇拜地看着我的祖父站在講臺上，對着信衆傳教，等待着聽到他的音量提高到幾乎震動了樑柱的那一刻。

My country may not be very old but unfortunately it already has a history of military coups, and when my father was eight a general called Zia ul-Haq seized power. There are still many pictures of him around. He was a scary man with dark panda shadows around his eyes, large teeth that seemed to stand to attention and hair pomaded flat on his head. He arrested our elected prime minister, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, and had him tried for treason then hanged from a scaffold in Rawalpindi jail. Even today people talk of Mr Bhutto as a man of great charisma. They say he was the first Pakistani leader to stand up for the common people, though he himself was a feudal lord with vast estates of mango fields. His execution shocked everybody and made Pakistan look bad all around the world. The Americans cut off aid.

我的祖國雖然立國不久，但已經不幸地擁有軍人執政的歷史。我父親八歲的時候，一位叫作齊亞.哈克的將軍奪下了政權。至今，很多地方還張貼着他的照片。他是個很恐怖的人，有着很深的熊貓眼，大而突出的牙齒，頭髮梳得油亮，貼在頭頂上。他把我們選出來的總理佐.布托抓了起來，指控他叛國，並在拉瓦爾品第把他處以絞刑。直至今日，人們仍然傳頌着布托先生的超凡領袖魅力。大家都說雖然他自己是封建地主，坐擁遼闊的杧果園，但卻是第一位真正爲平民百姓代言的巴基斯坦領袖。他被處死的消息震驚了所有人，而且損害了巴基斯坦的國際形象。美國因此停止了對巴基斯坦的援助。

Under Zia’s regime life for women in Pakistan became much more restricted. Jinnah said, ‘No struggle can ever succeed without women participating side by side with men. There are two powers in the world; one is the sword and the other is the pen. There is a third power stronger than both, that of women.’ But General Zia brought in Islamic laws which reduced a woman’s evidence in court to count for only half that of a man’s. Soon our prisons were full of cases like that of a thirteen-year-old girl who was raped and become pregnant and was then sent to prison for adultery because she couldn’t produce four male witnesses to prove it was a crime. A woman couldn’t even open a bank account without a man’s permission. As a nation we have always been good at hockey, but Zia made our female hockey players wear baggy trousers instead of shorts, and stopped women playing some sports altogether.

在齊亞.哈克的統治下，巴基斯坦婦女受到更加嚴苛的生活限制。真納說：“如果女人無法與男人肩並肩地參與事務，那麼所有的困境都不會有突破的一日了。世界上有兩種力量，一種是劍，另一種則是筆。其實還有第三種力量，比這兩種還要強大，那就是女性的力量。”但是齊亞.哈克將軍採用了伊斯蘭律法。在法庭上，如果被告是女性，那麼她的證言只有一半能被採信。很快地，監獄裏充斥着這樣的案例：一個13歲的女孩被強暴導致懷孕，卻因爲姦淫罪被關，只因爲她沒有辦法找到四位男性證人來證明她是受害者。如果沒有男性的批准，婦女連在銀行開戶都無法被覈准。我們曾是曲棍球的強國，但齊亞.哈克禁止女性球員穿短褲，必須改穿累贅的長褲，並直接禁止女性從事其他數種運動。