默克爾電話被美國監聽可能已超過10年大綱
New claims emerged last night over the extent that US intelligence agencies have been monitoring the mobile phone of Angela Merkel. The allegations were made after German secret service officials were already preparing to travel to Washington to seek explanations into the alleged surveillance of its chancellor.
A report in Der SPiegelsaid Merkel's mobile number had been listed by the NSA's Special Collection Service (SCS) since 2002 and may have been monitored for more than 10 years. It was still on the list – marked as "GE Chancellor Merkel" – weeks before President Barack Obama visited Berlin in June.
In an SCS document cited by the magazine, the agency said it had a "not legally registered spying branch" in the US embassy in Berlin, the exposure of which would lead to "grave damage for the relations of the United States to another government".
From there, NSA and CIA staff were tapping communication in Berlin's government district with high-tech surveillance. Quoting a secret document from 2010, Der Spiegel said such branches existed in about 80 locations around the world, including Paris, Madrid, Rome, Prague, Geneva and Frankfurt. Merkel's spokesman and the White House declined to comment on the report.
The nature of the monitoring of Merkel's mobile phone is not clear from the files,Der Spiegelsaid. It might be that the chancellor's conversations were recorded, or that her contacts were simply assessed.
Ahead of the latest claims , the German government's deputy spokesman, Georg Streiter, said a high-level delegation was heading to the White House and National Security Agency to "push forward" investigations into earlier surveillance allegations.
Meanwhile several thousand people marched to the US Capitol in Washington yesterday to protest against the NSA's spying programme and to demand a limit to the surveillance. Some of them held banners in support of Edward Snowden, the former CIA contractor who revealed the extent of the NSA's activities.
The march attracted protesters from both ends of the political spectrum as liberal privacy advocates walked alongside members of the conservative Tea Party movement.
The delegation will include senior officials from the German secret service, according to German media reports.
Germany and Brazil are spearheading efforts at the UN to protect the privacy of electronic communications. Diplomats from the two countries, which have both been targeted by the NSA, are leading efforts by a coalition of nations to draft a UN general assembly resolution calling for the right to privacy on the internet. Although non-binding, the resolution would be one of the strongest condemnations of US snooping to date.
"This resolution will probably have enormous support in the GA [general assembly] since no one likes the NSA spying on them," a western diplomat told Reuters on condition of anonymity. The Brazilian president, Dilma Rousseff, had previously cancelled a state visit to Washington over the revelation that the NSA was scooping up large amounts of Brazilian communications data, including from the state-run oil company Petrobras. The drafting of the UN resolution was confirmed by the country's foreign ministry.
The Associated Press quoted a diplomat who said the language of the resolution would not be "offensive" to any nation, particularly the US. He added that it would expand the right to privacy guaranteed by the international covenant on civil and political rights, which went into force in 1976.
The draft would be sent next week to the general assembly subcommittee on social, humanitarian, cultural and human rights issues, and be put to the full general assembly in late November.
Germany and France demanded on Thursday that the Americans agree to new transatlantic rules on intelligence and security service behaviour by the end of the year. Merkel added that she wanted action from Obama, not just apologetic words.
British and US civil liberties groups on Saturday added their voices to the criticism of snooping by both UK and US intelligence services after the Guardian revealed that the British intelligence agency GCHQ repeatedly said it feared a "damaging public debate" on the scale of its own activities.
Shami Chakrabarti, the director of Liberty, and Anthony Romero, executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union, issued a joint statement, saying: "The Guardian's publication of information from Edward Snowden has uncovered a breach of trust by the US and UK governments on the grandest scale. The newspaper's principled and selective revelations demonstrate our rulers' contempt for personal rights, freedoms and the rule of law.
"Across the globe, these disclosures continue to raise fundamental questions about the lack of effective legal protection against the interception of all our communications. Yet in Britain that conversation is in danger of being lost beneath self-serving spin and scaremongering, with journalists who dare to question the secret state accused of aiding the enemy.
"A balance must of course be struck between security and transparency, but that cannot be achieved while the intelligence services and their political masters seek to avoid any scrutiny of, or debate about, their actions."
"The Guardian's decision to expose the extent to which our privacy is being violated should be applauded and not condemned."
Nick Pickles, director of Big Brother Watch, said the fact GCHQ had doubts about the legality of its surveillance "reinforces the public interest in the disclosures about what has taken place in America and closer to home
"Parliament never legislated to allow the scale of interception that has been exposed, with laws written long before widespread broadband internet access or Facebook existed. There is a clear and overwhelming need for a fundamental review of our legal framework."
"If companies are handing over customer data or access to their equipment when there is no legal authority, then those businesses may well have broken the law. This should be urgently investigated by the information commissioner."
Defending the NSA's actions, the US administration has insisted that it is necessary to intercept vast amounts of electronic data to effectively fight terrorism, but the White House has said it is examining countries' concerns as part of an ongoing review of how the US gathers intelligence.有新聞爆料說，美國情報部門一直在對德國總理默克爾的私人電話進行監控。而在此之前，德國情報官員已準備前往華盛頓就總理電話監聽事件尋求解釋。
《明鏡週刊》的一篇文章指出自從2002年以來，默克爾的電話已出現在美國國家安全局的特殊收集服務部門清單之上，並且可能已被監聽超過10年。在美國總統奧巴馬六月份出訪柏林的數星期之前，默克爾的電話仍被清單之上並且被標記上“德國總理默克爾”。
這本雜誌刊登了一份來自特殊情報蒐集部的文件，文件指出美國駐柏林大使館存在着“一個違法註冊的間諜部門”。《明鏡》的揭露，很可能使“美國政府與其他各國政府間的關係跌落冰點”。
那時起，美國國家安全局和中央情報局的職員在柏林政府所在區域設置高科技的監聽設備。《明鏡》2010年收集到一份祕密文件，文件透露了全世界範圍內存在着80所類似的監聽部門，包括巴黎，馬德里，羅馬，布拉格，日內瓦和法蘭克福市。默克爾的發言人和白宮拒絕對此發言。
《明鏡》指出，目前從文件內容看還不太清楚監聽默克爾電話的真實目的。可能是監聽總理對話也或許僅僅是估測總理的接觸範圍。
在最新醜聞曝露之前，德國政府的副發言人喬治•斯特萊特爾表示，有高層部門組成的代表團已前往白宮和美國國家安全局“督促”其儘早調查並早日公佈結果。
同時，幾千人昨日在華盛頓國家大樓前遊行，行動旨在反對國家安全局的間諜組織並且要求降低監聽次數。他們中的部分人高舉旗幟，表示對前任中央情報局合作人愛德華•斯諾登的支持，因爲此前他透露了國家安全局許多行動。
這次遊行吸引了來自不同政治範圍的反對者，而這種情景正如自由獨立擁護者跟隨茶黨運動般一樣。
根據德國媒體報道，這次代表團包括德國祕密服務部門的高級官員。
德國和巴西正在帶頭嘗試向聯合國申訴以獲取電子通訊的私人性。作爲美國國家安全局的目標，兩國外交官通過兩個間的合作正在努力向聯合國常任理事國尋求辦法，試圖呼籲國際範圍內的隱私權。儘管沒有約束性，但是此決心卻是對美國目前的監聽案最有力的譴責之一。
“此項提議將會得到常任理事國絕大部分的支持，沒有人喜歡美國國家安全局竊聽他們，”一位匿名的西方外交官告訴路透社。就在美國國家安全局挖掘出巴西，包括國企巴西石油公司大量的交流資料之前，巴西總統迪爾瑪•羅塞夫已經取消了前往華盛頓的拜訪。
美聯社引用了一位外交官所說的，指出此主意的提出沒有“侵犯”任何一個國家，尤其是美國。他又說到，這會使得隱私權的範圍增大並且就人權和政治權利而言，會有國際公約的保證。此權力在1976年已開始生效。
這項手稿將會在下週送至常任理事國下屬處理社會，人道主義，文化和人權問題的協會。在11月份末會在全體大會上呈現。
德國與法國希望美國到年底同意新大西洋彼岸的規定，內容關於情報和安全服務行爲。默克爾希望奧巴馬總統能夠真的採取行動，而不僅僅是道歉話。
英國、美國的公民自由組織譴責兩國情報組織的竊聽行爲。此活動發生在《衛報》透露英國情報組織-國家通信情報局一直重複說它因其自身活動的規模而害怕引起致命的公衆討論之後。
名爲自由的組織首領查克•拉巴蒂和美國國內自由聯合會總裁羅梅羅發表聯合聲明，表示：“《衛報》從愛德華•斯諾登得到並已發佈的消息揭露了美國、英國政府對於大規模民衆缺乏信任。報社有原則，有選擇性地選取事件，對此說明了我們的統治者對於人權、自由和法律效力存在輕視現象。”
“縱觀全球，這些醜聞持續性地引起我們對於基本問題的思考，對於竊聽我們的交流，生活中缺少有效的法律保護。但是在英國，與記者談話可能處於竊聽狀態。那些記者爲幫助敵人詢問國家機密要問，因此被逮捕。不得不說這些都是因爲他們自私自利。”
“當然，在安全性和透明度之間必須存在平衡點，但是這個目標不能通過情報服務或者嘗試政治家試圖躲避自身監視這個方法而實現。”
“對於《衛報》決心大規模地報道我們隱私性正在被侵犯這種行爲，我們應該鼓掌而不是譴責。”
英國維權組織“老大哥觀察”董事尼克-佩克勒斯說道，國家通信情報局對於自身監聽的合法性存在懷疑，因爲他們認爲“這引起了公衆對於公開性披露事件的興趣，因爲這些事件發生在美國和本國近鄰。”
“在因特網或者臉書上大肆傳播之前，國會從未認爲如此大規模的竊聽事件合法，也就是沒有明文規定。對於法律框架，很明顯我們有必要進行一次基本的回顧。”
“如果公司沒有法律允許但卻轉交顧客信息或者接近其設備時，這些商家很可能觸犯法律。這就需要信息專員緊急調查。”
爲了表示對國家安全局的支持，美國當局堅持爲了打擊恐怖主義，竊聽數目龐大的電子數據很是必要，但是白宮已經表示作爲長期回顧美國如何收集情報的一部分，這是在調查國家擔憂的問題。
