商標歷史知多少：大公司名商標的前世今生
Apple
蘋果公司
IT behemoth Apple started out as Apple Computers inc in 1976, the brainchild of friends Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. The company was founded in the garage of Jobs' California home and its simple logo was a reference to Isaac Newton's gravity brainstorm. Five decades on, Apple's macs, iPods, iPads and iPhones are must-have products and the company is worth a breathtaking $600billion.
IT產業巨頭蘋果公司最初叫蘋果電腦公司，於1976年由Steve Jobs、Steve Wozniak 與Ronald Wayn三人共同創立。這家公司最早建立於Jobs位於加州家中的倉庫裏，而且它最初的商標參考了牛頓對於地心引力的思考。50年之後，蘋果公司的Mac電腦、iPod播放器、iPad平板電腦和iPhone手機現在成爲了必須擁有的產品，而公司自身的價值也高達令人驚歎的6千億美金。
Canon
佳能
The camera giant was founded in Japan in 1934, as Kwanon - named after the Buddhist goddess of mercy. The following year it rebranded as Canon to coincide with the launch of its first ever 35mm camera. Exactly half a century later, the company launched its first digital camera. In 2012, Canon enjoys a 20 per cent share of the digital camera market, offering hundreds of models for amateurs to professionals. In 2007 alone, the company sold more than 25 million cameras, more than any other brand.
照相機產業巨頭佳能公司在1934年於日本成立，並且最初的名字Kwanon是以佛教中的慈悲女神之名命名。在之後的幾年中它改名爲佳能，並與此同時推出了第一款35毫米照相機。又在將近半個世紀之後，公司推出了第一款數碼相機。在2012年，佳能公司共佔據數碼相機市場 20%的市場份額，提供適用於初學者至專業攝影師的數百款照相器材。僅在2007年，佳能公司就賣出了2500萬個相機，比任何一家同類公司都要多。
Firefox
火狐
The Mozilla project was created in 1998 with the release of the Netscape browser suite source code. Within the first year, new community members from around the world had already contributed new functionality. After several years of development, Mozilla 1.0 was released in 2002. By this point, over 90% of Internet users were browsing with Internet Explorer. Not many people noticed at the time, but the first version of Phoenix (a bird reborn in flames) - later renamed Firefox - was also released by Mozilla community members that year.
伴隨着網景瀏覽器的源碼發佈，1998年摩斯拉項目創立。在第一年內，來自世界各地的合作伙伴已經給公司帶來了新的活力。在幾年的發展滯後，Mozilla1.0在2002年發佈。但是在這個時候，90%的用戶選擇使用I.E瀏覽器。那個時候大部分人都沒有注意到，第一代的鳳凰瀏覽器，即後來的火狐瀏覽器，也由Mozilla的合作伙伴隨之發佈。
Kodak
柯達
With the slogan 'you press the button, we do the rest', George Eastman put the first simple camera into the hands of a world of consumers in 1888. From its offices in Rochester, New York. After years of domination in the world of photography, it failed to gain a foothold in the digital era and filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in January this year.
伴隨着那句著名的廣告語“你只需按快門，其餘的我們來做”，創始人George Eastma於1888年將第一個傻瓜照相機送到了普通人的手中。然而在對世界攝影產業數年的統治之後，它沒能在數字時代奪得一席之地，並在今天的1月份申請了破產保護。
Lego
樂高玩具
In 1932, master carpenter Ole Kirk Christiansen made wooden toys, stepladders and ironing boards in his small shop in Billund, Denmark. It wasn't until two years later that the business took the name of Lego, which came from the Danish words 'LEg GOdt' meaning 'play well'.
1932年丹麥，木匠大師Ole Kirk Christiansen在比倫德村莊中的小商店裏製作木製玩具，梯子和燙衣板。但兩年以後這家店就改名爲Lego，來源於丹麥語LEg GODt，意爲“玩得好”。
McDonald's
麥當勞
In 1940, brother Dick and Mac McDonald opened their McDonald's barbecue restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Ray Croc joined the business as a franchise agent in 1955, bought the chain from them and oversaw its worldwide expansion.
1940年，麥當勞兄弟Dick與Mac在加州聖貝納迪諾市開了他們第一家麥當勞燒烤店。1955年Ray Croc作爲特許經營代理加入到他們的事業中去，併爲麥當勞買下連鎖店，監管其全球的連鎖經營。
Shell
殼牌
Shell, the world's second-largest oil company, was founded in 1907 by the merger of Dutch and British petroleum giants. More than a hundred years on, it retains its continental flavour - based in the Hague but listed on the London stock exchange. Its logo has also changed little through the years, and its trademark scallop shell is one of the most recognisable brands in the world.
殼牌公司是世界上第二大的石油公司，由荷蘭與英國的石油巨頭共同建立於1907年。建立至今他已有百餘年的歷史，但是仍保持着原有的特色：總部在海牙但是依然列在倫敦的交易市場中。它的商標在幾年中也做了小小的改動，而它扇貝形狀的商標也成爲世界上最爲人熟知的商標之一。
Microsoft
微軟
Bill Gates left Harvard in 1975 to form Microsoft with his childhood friend Paul Allen. The company would become famous for its killer business deals and computer operating systems - including Microsoft Windows in 1983.
1975年比爾蓋茨從哈佛輟學，和他的朋友保羅艾倫一起建立了微軟公司。這家公司因爲商業上的交易往來與電腦的操作系統而漸漸獲得名聲， 其中就包括1983年微軟的Windows電腦操作系統。
Nintendo
任天堂遊戲製作公司
In 1889, Fusajiro Yamauchi began manufacturing Hanafuda (flower) Japanese playing Cards in Kyoto and by 1933 was established as an unlimited partnership, Yamauchi Nintendo & Co. In 1951, this changed to Nintendo Playing Card Co. Ltd. By the 70s, it had branched out into videogames that would become a byword for interactive entertainment.
1889年，Fusajiro Yamauchi（山內房治郎 ）開始生產並銷售一種叫作“花札”的紙牌遊戲，並在1933年建立了一家無限責任公司：山內任天堂遊戲製作公司。在1951年，這家公司改名爲任天堂紙牌遊戲製作公司。而到了70年代，它已經將業務延伸至電子遊戲的製作，併成爲互動遊戲娛樂的代名詞。
Nissan
日產汽車公司
Japanese car giant Nissan Motor Company was established in June 1934, taking over the manufacturing of Datsuns. By the 1960, it had made a strong impression on the U.S. market, with its Datsun Roadster. Innovations continue today with such breakthroughs as the Leaf electric car.
日本汽車業巨頭日產汽車公司建立於1934年6月，並一同接管了達特桑汽車的生產工作。到1960年時，這家公司已經憑藉達特桑跑車給美國市場留下了深刻影響。它所帶來的最大突破在於電動式汽車的創新研發。
