父親節調查：半數美國爸爸有私生子
Nearly half of American dads under 45 this Father's Day say they have at least one child who was born out of wedlock.
And the share of fathers living apart from children is more than double what it was just a few decades ago, according to a new study.
But among married fathers, children are said to be getting more attention from both parents at home than ever before.
A Pew Research Center report highlights the changing roles of parents as US marriage rates and traditional family households fall to historic lows.
The study found that college-educated men who tend to marry and get better jobs are more involved with their children than lesser-skilled men struggling to get by.
Pew's survey and analysis of US government data found that more than one in four fathers - 27 per cent - with children 18 or younger live away from at least one of their children. That number is more than double the share of fathers who lived apart from their children in 1960.
But married fathers who live with their children are actually devoting more time helping their wives with caregiving at home - a task once seen almost exclusively as a woman's duty. Such fathers on average now spend about 6.5 hours a week on child care, which include playing, helping children with homework or taking them to activities. That's up from 2.6 hours in the 1960s.
Among fathers with at least a bachelor's degree, only 13 percent had children outside marriage, compared to 51 percent of those with high school diplomas and 65 percent of those who didn't finish high school.
Age, too, was a factor. Three quarters of fathers who were 20 to 24 had children out of wedlock, compared to 36 percent for fathers aged 35 to 44.
The findings come as the latest US census data show that marriages have fallen to a record low, pushing the share of US households with married couples below 50 percent for the first time.
Sociologists say younger people are increasingly choosing to live together but delay marriage as they struggle to find work and resist making long-term commitments.父親節即將來臨，而最新調查顯示，近半數的45歲以下的美國爸爸承認至少有一名非婚生子女。
調查還顯示，與孩子分開居住的父親的比例是幾十年前的兩倍多。
但在已婚的父親中，孩子在家中從父母那裏得到的關愛更多了。
皮尤調查中心的這份報告指出了父母角色的變化。美國的結婚率和傳統的家庭數量已跌至歷史低點。
研究發現，與那些工作技能較低、疲於謀生的男性相比，結婚意願較強、工作較好、接受過高等教育的父親與孩子的關係更親密。
通過調研分析美國政府提供的數據，研究人員發現，在孩子18歲及以下的父親中，超過四分之一（27%）與至少一名子女分開居住。這一比例是1960年的兩倍多。
但與孩子一同居住的已婚父親會花更多的時間幫助妻子照顧孩子，這項任務曾被視爲女性的專職。這些父親平均每週花6.5個小時照顧孩子，包括陪孩子玩耍、幫孩子做作業、或者帶孩子參加其它活動，而上世紀60年代僅有2.6個小時。
在有學歷本科及以上的父親中，僅有13%有非婚生子女，而在僅有高中學歷的父親中該比例爲51%，在沒讀完高中的父親中該比例高達65%。
年齡也是影響因素之一。20歲至24歲的父親中，75%有非婚生子女，35歲至44歲的父親中，這一比例爲36%。
美國公佈的最新人口普查數據顯示，結婚率降至歷史低點，已婚家庭比例不到一半，這在歷史上還是首次。
社會學家指出，越來越多的年輕人選擇同居，推遲婚期，因爲他們忙於找工作，而且抗拒做出長久承諾。
