聯合國的氣候峯會，又沒解決問題
An exhausting international negotiation session on climate change concluded Sunday with an agreement among countries to take on more ambitious goals. That agreement, however, failed to resolve the main issues on the table, like creating rules for trading carbon emissions credits and helping developing countries pay for climate damages.
本次關於氣候變化的國際談判會議令人筋疲力盡，週日終於接近尾聲。各國達成了一項協議，要設定更加宏偉的目標。但提交的主要議題在這項協議中並未得到解決，如制定碳排放信用交易規則，以及幫助發展中國家補償其對氣候造成的破壞。
Almost 200 countries at the two-week United Nations meeting known as COP25 did approve a statement calling on them to do more to fight climate change by next year, when the next round of national commitments to curb greenhouse gas emissions under the Paris climate agreement are due.
這次爲期兩週的聯合國會議被稱爲《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》締約方大會，與會的約200個國家都通過了一份聲明，聲明呼籲他們在明年之前採取更多措施來應對氣候變化，屆時《巴黎氣候協定》中各國下一輪溫室氣體減排承諾將到期。
But delegates could hardly agree on much else at the longest meeting in the 25-year history of these annual climate talks, which overshot its scheduled end by more than 40 hours.
但在此次會議上代表們無法就其他內容達成一致。本次會議在年度氣候談判25年曆史上持續時間最長，超出預定時間40多小時。
The negotiations this year were meant to nail down the outstanding issues in implementing the Paris climate agreement, but they came at an especially difficult time for many of the countries at the table. Countries like Chile and France are facing civil unrest back home. The United Kingdom held a general election during the talks. And India faces a slowing economy.
今年的談判旨在解決《巴黎氣候協定》執行過程中尚未解決的問題，但很多與會國家正處於極度困難時期，智利和法國國內騷亂，談判期間英國正值大選，印度經濟放緩。
One of the toughest negotiations was over a section of the Paris climate agreement known as Article 6 that governs international carbon markets.
談判中最困難的部分就是《巴黎氣候協定》第6條，該條款對國際碳市場有影響。
Done right, it could serve as a vehicle for countries to adopt more ambitious goals for cutting their greenhouse gas emissions by allowing them to pay for reductions in emissions where they are most effective, which may not be inside their own borders. But done poorly, such a system could delay — or even reverse — progress in fighting climate change. Badly designed credits could fail to deliver the promised emissions cuts, or accounting loopholes could lead to double counting of credits.
如果得以合理執行，就可以成爲一種手段，幫助各國實現更爲宏偉的減排目標，允許各國在最有效的減排領域爲減排買單，範圍可能並不侷限於國內。但如果執行不利，這一體系會延緩應對氣候變化的進程，甚至還會起到反作用。糟糕的信用不能兌現減排承諾，會計漏洞也可導致信用的重複計算。
Countries came to the table with different priorities for how to structure these markets, and the rules they should use, but almost all of them left disappointed that the issue was once again left unsettled. “Regretfully we couldn’t get to an agreement on this important article,” said Carolina Schmidt, president of the COP.
在構建這些市場以及應遵守的規則方面，參與談判的國家重要性不同。但此次這一問題又沒有得到解決，幾乎所有國家都很失望。本次會議的主席Carolina Schmidt說：“很遺憾，我們未能就這一重要條款達成協議。”
