學習時怎樣做到心無旁騖？

How can we completely concentrate while studying?
學習時如何才能做到全神貫注？

獲得47.4k好評的回答@Eric Kaisen：

13 Things You MUST NOT Do to Concentrate Better Whilst You study
想要更專心學習這13件事一定不能做

1. Focusing On Things Outside of Your Control
把注意力放在不能控制的事上

It’s one week until you’re final exam or test, you haven’t even looked at the material that’s covered yet. Oh god, stress overload. Why didn’t I start studying earlier？You need to FOCUS on what you CAN DO and take back control over the situation. You still got a week left to work with.
還有一週就要期末考試或測試了，備考的材料你還一眼都沒看呢。哦天啊，壓力山大了。我爲什麼就沒有早點開始複習呢？你需要把注意力放在你能做的事上，重新掌控全局。你還有一週的時間可以去努力。

2. Approaching study as a Chore
認爲學習很煩

There’s a BIG difference between HAVING or WANTING to do something. Do you have to study? No. You WANT to study. No one is forcing you to study and even if they try, you ultimately have the choice as to whether you will study or not. When you approach studying as something you WANT to do it’s a very subtle change that has a profound impact on how well you study.
“不得不做”和“想做”有很大差別。學習是不得不做的事嗎？不是，你想學習。沒人逼你學習，即使有人想逼你，最終你還有選擇學與不學的權利。當你把學習當成想做的事時，這種微妙的變化對你的學習成績會有深遠的影響。

3. studying without Setting a Clear Goal
學習目標不明確

You need to know EXACTLY where you’re going and what you’re going to accomplish during your study session. And that brings us to our next point.
你要明確知道自己努力的方向和一階段的學習目標，這樣才能進入下一階段。

4. Not Utilizing Different study Methods and Tools
沒有利用不同的學習方法和工具

Quizzing yourself and recalling answers is a great method for studying multi choice exams. Flash cards help tremendously with memorizing facts. studying doesn’t ONLY mean reading text books, highlighting things, and re-reading your notes.
自測並回憶答案是多選題考試很好的複習方法，閃卡對記憶力也有巨大幫助。學習不只是讀教材、劃重點、複習筆記。

5. Copying How Other People study
效仿他人的學習方法

Some people are ‘geniuses’ that can read something just once and remember everything they read. We all have unique strengths and weaknesses - your job is to figure out what yours lie. Are you more visual, auditory, or kinesthetic? If you find reading textbooks difficult, switch over to audio material by listening to lectures and finding videos online.
有些人天賦異稟，能過目不忘。我們都有獨特的優勢和不足，你需要做的就是弄清自己的優缺點。你是視力、聽力還是運動能力更發達？如果你感覺讀教材很難，就聽有聲材料，找網上的視頻資料。

6. studying at the Worst Time
狀態最不好時學習

There are periods of time throughout the day when we’re MORE switched on, alert, and able to concentrate. You need to discover what the best times of the day are in order for you to concentrate.
一天中有些時間段我們的大腦更興奮、思維更敏捷、更專心。你需要找到一天中學習效率最高的時間段，以便能集中注意力。

7. Setting Yourself Up for Failure in Bad Environments
讓自己待在糟糕的環境裏走向失敗

Make sure when you study with others they’re serious about studying and aren’t there to just goof off and socialize. Also make sure you hide your phone out of sight and put it on airplane mode so you aren’t tempted by it.
你要確保和你一起學習的人是認真學習的，而不是去玩去交朋友的。你也一定要把手機藏在看不見的地方，設置成飛行模式你就不惦記了。

8. studying like a Mad Man
像瘋子一樣學習

You need frequent breaks to be able to concentrate. By taking a mini break then coming back to study, you’ll ‘refresh’ your ability to concentrate. Make sure you get enough rest and that you sleep well.
你需要多休息才能集中精神，短暫休息過後再繼續學習你就能再次專心了，你要保證有足夠的休息和睡眠。

9. Finishing study Sessions without Reflecting
只學習不反思

You should reflect to learn more about how you best study. You need to take note of what worked and what didn’t work throughout your study session so you can make use of that knowledge in the future.
你應該回想一下自己最好的學習狀態。你需要記下學習期間什麼方法有效，什麼方法不起作用，以便以後能引以爲鑑。

10. Misconstrued Views towards study and Concentration
對學習和專心有誤解

studying and the ability to concentrate are SKILLS you should work on, hone, and craft over time. The ability to concentrate can be easily trained through meditation and other activities that require one to focus for a prolonged period of time.
學習和專注力是技能，需要時間去學習、研究、優化。專注力可以通過冥想或其他需要人在很長時間內集中注意力的活動來培養，這很容易。

11. Cutting Off Social Ties
切斷與社會的聯繫

Meet up with friends that leave you feeling like you have even more energy. You can bring this energy back to studying and you’ll be able to concentrate easier.
要和那些能讓你感覺重拾精力的朋友見面，你把這些精力重新投入到學習上就更容易專心了。

12. Remaining Sedentary" class="hjdict" word="Sedentary" target=_blank>Sedentary
久坐

After you’ve spent a few hours studying take a longer break and go for a run, hit the gym, or play a sport with some friends. This WILL help you concentrate easier and allow you to study better.
學習幾小時之後你要休息更長時間，出去跑跑步、去趟健身房、或者和朋友做做運動。這能幫你更容易地集中注意，也能學得更好。

13. Eating Junk Food
吃垃圾食品

What you put in is what you get out. It’s as simple as 1 + 1 = 2.
吃進去什麼就排出來什麼，就像1 + 1 = 2那麼簡單。