備戰考試季：完美複習 8招搞定

Arguably the most difficult part of any exam process, you should get your revision plan in place now so the revision period runs smoothly, says William Stadlen.
複習計劃可以說是應戰任何考試最難的環節，你應該計劃好自己的複習方案，這樣備考階段纔會順利有效，教育專家威廉·斯塔登講道。

The revision period is, arguably, the most difficult part of any exam process. The exam itself – usually between one and three hours – can be portrayed as a performance of sorts: a chance to use all the knowledge you have built up over several years, crafted neatly into a well-rounded response to a question or series of questions. While pressure and nerves can undoubtedly make it an uncomfortable experience, the knowledge that it is the culmination of the entire process should provide some comfort.
複習階段可以說是應戰任何考試最艱鉅的環節。考試本身——通常在1到3小時之間——可以被理解爲一種表演：一個機會去運用多年積累的知識，爲一個或者一系列的問題雕琢圓滿的答案。壓力和緊張無疑會讓這成爲一個不那麼舒服的經歷，但是想到考試其實是整個過程中一直期待的高潮這一事實，就多了些許安慰。

From your desk in the exam hall, a summer empty of academic or curricular concerns is only hours away. However, from your revision desk, in the midst of a chilly April and with weeks of revision stretching out in front of you, the end can seem very far off.
從你進入考場坐在桌前開始，愜意的暑假離你就只有幾個小時不到了。一整個夏天，沒有科研和課程的煩惱。然而，當你坐在桌前複習的時候，在涼爽的四月，前方漫延着好幾個星期的複習任務，期待的結尾似乎又遙不可及。

While it will not make the time go any faster, nor unfortunately will it make the process any more “fun”, a well-structured revision plan can formalise your revision, and can act as a telescope through which you can spy those post-exam summer holidays.
雖然不能加快時間的腳步， 也不幸的不能讓整個過程更“有趣”，但是，合理安排的複習計劃的確可以讓你的複習過程更有條理，與此同時可以像望遠鏡一樣讓你偷偷遙望下考試之後的歡樂暑期。

Below are my top tips for creating a well-structured and comprehensive revision plan which, if adhered to, will provide the best chance of success in the summer.
關於制定全面合理的複習方案，以下是我建議的幾大準則。遵循它們，你就有了笑傲考試以歡度暑假的最大可能性。

Plan early
提前計劃

It ought to go without saying that planning your revision timetable must be done before anything else, to ensure there is enough time for comprehensive coverage of all subjects.
毫無疑問複習計劃必須排在任何其他事項之前，以保證你有足夠的時間去全面複習所有的科目。

GCSE students, for example, usually study between eight and twelve subjects. If you plan to devote a week revising each subject, then that will require two or three months of revision. With most exams starting at the end of May, the revision plan should be in place by the end of March at least.
比如參加英國普通中等教育證書考試的學生，通常要學習8至12門課程。如果你計劃花一整個星期專門複習一項課程，那就需要分配2到3個月的複習時間。大多數考試在五月底開始，大家的複習計劃至少就要在三月底完工。

Initial and continual assessment
預先評估，複習過程中不斷評估

As well as being an exercise in memory and assessment, revision should be a process of improvement. In order to chart your development effectively, we recommend that our students attempt practice papers in each subject, marked according to the relevant mark scheme and curriculum.
複習是對記憶力和評估能力的鍛鍊，更應該是一個不斷提升的過程。爲了有效地量化進展，我們推薦學生嘗試爲每門課程準備練習本，根據相關的考試要點和課程要求標記已經複習到的地方。

This allows you to establish a base from which, via further and regular assessment, you can judge your progress. It will also help you identify which subjects, modules and topics require more work (see below for more on this).
這樣一來你就有了一個比較的基礎，接下來去定期評估，你就會知道自己的進展。這樣做也能幫你找出哪些科目，版塊，或者課題需要你去花更多精力。（後文中會具體講到這點）

Order your subjects strategically
有策略地安排複習科目

The best revision plans have an element of strategy to their creation. Ordering your subjects in an effective manner can help to do this.
最棒的複習方案在制定之時都是有策略的。有效地安排複習科目會助你一臂之力。

For example, scheduling English revision to appear early in your revision plan may provide useful when revising essay-based subjects such as History, Religious Studies and Politics later on.
比如，把英文科目複習安排在前面，這樣做可能會對後期諸如歷史，宗教學習和政治等以文本爲基礎的科目複習大有裨益。

Similarly, choosing Maths to be one of the first subjects that you revise may prove invaluable when studying numerical or statistical subjects such as Physics, Economics and Business Studies.
類似的，把數學排成首要複習課目，在後面複習諸如物理，經濟學和商科類這些與數值和統計相關的科目時，你可能會更覺得心應手。

This practical layering of knowledge can reinforce and enhance your revision for each subject. Balancing this process with the demands of the exam timetable – for example, starting with a subject that appears early on in the exam timetable – makes for an extremely prudent approach.
這樣在實踐中從知識層面上打好基礎，會讓你後面每門科目的複習更加高效。當然，你要將這個安排複習科目的過程和考試日程平衡起來—比如，先開始複習最早考試的一門，是非常謹慎聰明的做法。

Each subject is different
每門科目的複習安排要有所不同


You should not feel as though you must devote an equal amount of time to each subject, since there may be a variety of reasons why certain subjects may require more revision. For example, Modern Foreign Languages tend to be highly content driven (therefore requiring a good deal of factual memory learning), whereas English Literature will tend to be more essay-based (therefore more concerned with form than specific content).
不要覺得你應該將複習時間平均分配給每門科目，因爲諸多原因決定有些科目可能需要多花工夫。比如，現代外國語是以內容爲主（因而需要記憶很多具體內容），然而英語文學主要以作品爲主（因而更注重形式和風格而非具體內容）。

Depending on your learning style, you may find one easier than the other. More unusual exam types, such as controlled coursework and performance exams, require their own unique attention.
取決於你的學習方式，你也許會覺得一個科目比另外一個更容易。其他更多特殊的考試類型，比如有外加控制的課程和表現考試， 複習準備時就需要給予特別注意。

Not only this, but your time allocation may be dependent on your own aptitude in that subject (more on that below). Ultimately, when structuring your revision plan, you must make sure that sufficient “blank” time is left close to the exam to revisit those subjects, modules or topics that you feel require particular last-minute attention.
不僅如此，你的時間分配也取決於你在這門科目方面的資質（下文會講更多）。最後，在安排複習計劃時，你必須保證留有足夠的“空白”時間，再去看看那些你覺得尤其還要最後再花時間的科目、版塊或者課題。Focus on strengths and weaknesses
集中在強項和弱項

A large part of planning how much time to spend on each subject will be based on how much attention you feel each subject requires.
計劃每門科目花多少時間很大程度上取決於你自己感覺每門需要花多少功夫。

Obviously, it is usually recommended to spend the majority of your time on those subjects, modules or topics that you have found more difficult. However, it is vital that you also spend due time focusing on traditional areas of academic strength.
顯然，通常建議在自己的弱項科目、版塊或者課題上多花時間。然而，同樣花既定時間在傳統的科目強項上，也是很重要的噢。

Not only should you refresh those areas to make sure you are not caught out due to overconfidence in the exam, but there may be certain topics or elements within the general subject or module that you are less familiar with.
你不僅應該溫習這些強項內容以確保自己不因爲過度自信而失足，而且有可能這些廣泛科目或者版塊下有些特定的課題和知識點你還不太熟悉。

It is important, therefore, that every area of study is covered at least once, and that nothing is glossed over.
也就是說，你必須把所有學習範圍的知識通通至少複習一遍，不能對任何內容草草了事，這點非常重要。

Strict yet flexible
嚴格而又靈活執行

Clearly, it is important both to create a revision plan and stick to it. Not only does this foster mental discipline, it also ensures that every topic area will be covered at least once in the run-up to each exam.
制定同時遵循複習方案顯然都很重要。這不僅是一種心理上的自律，也保證了你在參加考試前每個課題都至少複習過一次。

Falling behind early could mean that a crucial area is missed out, resulting in valuable marks being dropped. However, while I encourage you to stick to your plan as much as possible, you must be able to exert a degree of flexibility.
複習早期就拉下進度可能意味着你錯過了重要的內容，這會在考試時導致嚴重失分。然而，儘管我鼓勵你儘可能地嚴格執行復習計劃，你也必須能夠做到一定程度的靈活安排。

If one subject, module or topic takes longer than expected, then you should not panic, as hopefully the time can be made up in the planned “blank” space.
如果一個科目、版塊或者課題複習時間超出預計，不要慌，因爲這些時間還可能被後面預留的“空白”時間彌補。

Furthermore, you must also make allowances for your life outside of revision. Playing sport, meeting friends and going to concerts are all important outlets you should use to blow off steam.
而且，你也必須在複習之餘留些時間給生活的其他方面。做運動，會朋友，聽音樂會，都可以成爲你舒緩複習壓力的情緒出口。

Total abstinence is not necessary – nor, indeed, is it practical – but you must make sure that you find a healthy balance, which is constantly reweighed in favour of revision as you get closer to the exams.
完全的節制是不必要的——也是不實際的——但你必須確保自己找到一個健康的平衡，在越來越接近考試的時候不斷地權衡這點。

Colour coding
用彩色標記


A device more commonly associated with creating revision notes, colour coding is a useful memory aid that can allow you to unify all the elements of your revision.
彩色標記是記複習筆記時更常用的方式，它可以很有效地幫助記憶，讓你將複習的方方面面統籌起來。

Whether coded per subject, per module or per topic, matching the colours in your plan to your revision notes can provide an important subconscious link that may help your memory recall in the exam.
無論你是按照學科、版塊或者話題標記特定顏色，都請將複習筆記和計劃中的顏色統一起來，這會在潛意識中幫助你的記憶在考試時再回憶起對應內容。

Turn it into a poster
把複習計劃做成海報 


Having created your plan, we encourage that they are scaled up and then printed off, ideally to A3 or even A2 size. Having a physical version is useful for two reasons.
制定好了計劃後，我們鼓勵你調整好時間表的大小，然後打印出來，理想的是用A3甚至A2大小的紙張。有一個實實在在的打印版很有用，原因在於以下兩點。

Firstly, the larger your plan, the more room you may have to make any additional notes to comment on each revision session – for instance, to note if you had time to explore additional topic areas, or if there was not enough time to finish certain topics.
首先，打印版面越大，你就有更多的空間可以額外添加筆記，給每個複習的小階段寫上評論——比如，記下你還有時間去看看額外的課題，或者沒有足夠時間去複習特定的課題了。

Secondly, a physical copy will provide the means for some well-needed catharsis, allowing you to tick off the days as the exams approach.
第二點，有了打印版，你可以在考試接近期間每天都勾劃掉過去的日子，這也是一種非常需要的宣泄方式。

A balance of these eight elements will help you create a comprehensive and well-organised revision plan, regulated by frequent practice of both past papers and mock exams. The tough part of the process is making sure you stick to it.
平衡好以上8個要點，會幫助你製作一個完整合理的複習計劃，並在過去的論文提交和模擬考試的練習中不斷調節適合自己的方案。最難的部分，當然是確保你要真正執行自己制定的方案。