科技在發展 可夾在襯衫上的袖珍相機大綱

I've been snapping photos of everything in front of me for the last week. If we've passed, even for a moment, I probably have a picture of your face.
過去一週我一直在抓拍出現我面前的每樣東西。如果我們曾擦肩而過，哪怕就一瞬間，我也可能會有你的臉部照片。

I'm not a spy, but I've been using gear you might associate with 007. New matchbook-size cameras that clip to your tie or shirt let you capture a day's worth of encounters, then upload them to the Internet to be remembered forever.
我並非間諜，但我的裝備也許會讓你想到007。新式的火柴盒大小的相機可夾在領帶或襯衫上，讓你能夠抓拍值得記錄的瞬間，然後上傳至互聯網永久保存。

Why on Earth would anybody want to do that? After trying out two devices that recently began shipping, the $279 Narrative Clip and $399 Autographer, I think the answer for many will be why wouldn't you?
怎麼會有人想幹這種事？在試用了新近上市的279美元的Narrative Clip和399美元的Autographer兩款設備之後，我想對很多人來說，答案是爲什麼不呢？

Yes, I took gigabytes of boring photos of me sitting in front of a computer at work. But when I took the tiny cameras hiking or hanging out with kids, they produced Instagram-worthy shots. (I also discovered surprising uses, like when I scanned my photo log to discover where I'd misplaced my watch.)
沒錯，我拍了大量自己坐在電腦前工作的無聊照片。但當我徒步或和孩子們出去玩的時候，這些袖珍相機會拍出很適合分享到Instagram的快照。（我還發現了意外的妙用，比如通過檢索照片記錄來找出我把手錶丟在了哪裏。）

Wearable cameras are a potential solution to the growing annoyance of people holding their phones in front of their faces throughout birthday parties, concerts and other important moments, instead of just living them.
在生日聚會、音樂會及其他重要場合，人們總是把手機舉在面前到處拍，而不懂得享受當下，這樣的行爲越來越令人討厭。可穿戴相機或許是很好的解決辦法。

But there's a cost to amassing so much photographic evidence. The tiny cameras made others uncomfortable when they found out they were being recorded. Some friends wouldn't hug me; gossiping colleagues kept asking, 'Is that thing on?' These devices upset a fundamental (though arguably flawed) assumption that even in public, you aren't being recorded.
但要積累足夠多的照片也不是輕而易舉的事。當人們發現袖珍相機正在拍攝自己時，會感到很不自在。一些朋友不再擁抱我了；八卦的同事們總是問：“那玩意兒開着嗎？”這類設備顛覆了一個基本觀念（雖然不一定正確）：就算是在公開場合，隨便拍人也是不應該的。

Makes you squirm, doesn't it? One reason I wanted to review these cameras is that this kind of technology isn't going away. 'Always on' cameras are becoming popular in home electronics like the Xbox One and a new wave of streaming video security systems. Now you can buy cameras that attach to your wrist, ear, bike helmet and eyeglasses.
讓人不舒服，對吧？我之所以想對這種相機發表評論的一個原因是此類技術正方興未艾。“無間斷”攝像頭正在Xbox One等家用電子設備以及新一輪流媒體視頻安全系統產品中日益受到追捧。現如今，你可以買到戴在手腕和耳朵上、安裝在自行車頭盔和眼鏡上的相機了。

The two cameras I tested are meant for everyday use. On the surface, they seem very similar: plastic clip-ons that silently take photos and store them until you upload them to a phone or computer. They arrange the photos in a contact sheet on your phone and use software to highlight the most interesting shots, or give you a sped-up video of your day.
我試用的這兩款相機是爲日常使用設計的。其外觀大同小異，都是可夾式塑料外殼，它們默默地拍照並存儲，直到你把照片上傳到手機或電腦裏。它們把照片儲存在手機的圖片索引裏，還會用軟件高亮最有趣的照片，或者快速播放照片，以視頻的形式把你的一天呈現出來。

The Narrative is the least obtrusive. It could be easily mistaken for a tie clip. The Narrative has no buttons or screen, and just one function: It takes a photo of whatever is in front of it every 30 seconds, more than 2,000 a day, with quality comparable to the iPhone 4's camera.
Narrative很不起眼，很容易被誤認爲是領帶夾。它沒有按鍵和顯示屏，只有一個功能：每隔30秒拍下它面前的景象。一天下來就有超過2,000張照片，其畫質堪比iPhone 4的攝像頭。

A sensor makes sure the photos are always upright, no matter how the clip is oriented, while a GPS chip inside notes where you are each time it takes the photo. Tap on the Narrative twice and it will snap a photo right away.
無論相機處於何種方位，它的感應器都會確保照片端正。同時，內置的GPS芯片會記錄每張照片的拍攝地點。連續敲擊兩下，相機就會立刻抓拍一張。

The pricier Autographer is three times larger, making it flop over when I attached it to my shirt pocket. It packs a 5-megapixel camera with fisheye lens and five sensors -- including an accelerometer, compass and thermometer -- in order to take a picture when it thinks your surroundings have changed. It can use Bluetooth to transfer shots wirelessly to a phone or computer right away. All of this extra tech means the battery lasts about 10 hours, compared with the Narrative's 30.
Autographer價格較貴，比Narrative大三倍，夾在襯衫衣兜上會外翻。它配置了一個500萬像素的魚眼鏡頭和五個傳感器――其中包括加速計、指南針和溫度計――這使它能感知周遭環境變化，及時拍照。它還可通過藍牙即時把快照無線傳輸到手機或電腦上。所有這些額外的技術配置意味着它的電池只能續航約10小時，而Narrative是30小時。

What are you supposed to do with all of those photos? More than 1,000 shots taken on my hike this Sunday weren't worth keeping. But 15 were delightful, unposed shots of my friends and their kids at sunset. You can't get a 7-year-old kid to look that naturally happy with a regular camera pointing in his face, but the candid camera did. I could imagine taking one of these cameras to special events or on vacation.
該怎麼處理這麼多照片呢？我週日徒步途中有1000多張快照都沒有保留價值，但有15張非常贊，抓拍到了我朋友和他們的孩子在日落時分最自然的瞬間。讓一個七歲的孩子在普通鏡頭前表現得如此開心大方是不可能的，但袖珍相機做到了。我想我會帶個袖珍相機去特殊活動或度假的。

Judging based on price, shape and battery life, the Narrative would seem to be the better product. But after using both cameras, I realized the Autographer was superior because its design better respected my interactions with friends and strangers alike.
綜合價格、外形和電池續航來看，Narrative看起來是更好的產品。然而在試用過這兩款相機之後，我意識到Autographer更勝一籌，因爲它的設計更好地尊重了我與朋友及陌生人之間的互動。Very few people noticed I was wearing the Narrative's tiny clip. It made me feel like a creep for not disclosing to friends and people on the street that I was photographing them. It offers no indication it's taking a picture and continues snapping away unless you turn it over or put it into a pocket (which you need to remember to do when you go to places like the toilet). After wearing it for a few days, I decided to tape a camera icon on it.
只有很少幾個人注意到了我戴着Narrative。不告訴朋友和街上的行人自己在拍他們讓我覺得自己像個怪人。它沒有任何拍照提示，並且除非你把它翻過來或放進兜裏（當你要去洗手間等場所時一定記住這點），否則它會不斷地拍攝。在戴了幾天之後，我決定給它貼上一個相機圖標。

The Autographer announces itself as a camera. Each time it snaps, a faint blue light flashes on its front. More important, its lens is highlighted by a bright yellow circle and has a rotating cover so everyone can see when it is and isn't watching.
Autographer則會標榜出自己的相機屬性。當它拍照時，機身正面會閃一下微弱的藍光。更重要的是，其鏡頭用一個醒目的黃圈標出，還有個旋轉鏡頭蓋，這樣所有人都能看出它是否正在拍攝。

In short, Autographer's design helps keep people from being jerks. The fisheye lens means you can't accidentally take head-on photos of people unless you are very close to their faces. Since the camera connects wirelessly to your phone, you can review your shots right away -- and delete shots if anybody asks. By default, Autographer only saves all your photos on your computer or phone rather than its own servers.
簡言之，Autographer的設計有助於防止人們被偷拍。魚眼鏡頭使你不會無意間拍到別人的正臉，除非你離他們的面部非常近。由於它與你的手機無線連接，所以你可以立即查看照片，如果有人要求的話也可以立即刪除。根據默認設置，Autographer只會把照片保存到你的電腦或手機內，而不是它自己的服務器內。

All these concerns are rooted in civility. There's nothing actually illegal about using one of these cameras in most venues in the U.S., outside of restrooms, casinos and other businesses that expressly forbid them.
所有這些顧慮都是出於禮儀考慮。除了洗手間、賭場及其他明文禁止拍照的場所之外，在美國大部分場所使用這種相機都沒什麼不合法的。

Narrative's Swedish creators say their clip wouldn't make a good spy camera because it isn't as small as the latest snoop gear and its 30-second automatic timer is too arbitrary. Also, their research found people who spotted it did generally understand that the device was a camera. 'If you want a camera to spy on your friends, we don't want you as a customer,' company co-founder Oskar Kalmaru said, 'And we intentionally made the Narrative Clip bad for use in cases like that.'
Narrative的瑞典制造商稱其產品並不是一款好的間諜相機，因爲它沒有最新的偵查裝置小巧，並且30秒的自動計時器太刻板了。同時他們的研究表明，注意到Narrative的人基本上都會認識到它是個相機。公司聯合創始人奧斯卡・卡爾瑪魯(Oskar Kalmaru)說：“如果你想要一款相機來偵查你的朋友，那我們並不希望你成爲我們的客戶。我們是有意讓Narrative Clip在這種情況下表現不佳的。”

The U.K.-based makers of Autographer take the extraordinary step of including an etiquette guide in its box, with suggestions like 'pause your image capture if you are in proximity to people you don't know for a long period of time.'
Autographer的英國製造商則更進一步，在包裝盒內附上了一份禮儀指南，包括諸如“若您長時間近距離接觸不認識的人，請暫停拍攝圖像”這樣的建議。

For me, wearing either camera meant I was constantly on guard, ready to turn it off if a situation became too private to capture.
就我而言，戴着任何一款相機都意味着我得時刻保持警惕，如果遇到了不宜拍攝的私密場景，要馬上把它關掉。

We might eventually get used to the idea that we're being constantly watched, but for now I think a baseline rule ought to be some kind of notice: I'm taking your photo.
也許終有一天我們會習慣時刻被監視這個概念，但在現階段我認爲一個基本準則應當是某種告知：我正在給你拍照。

The experience made me realize we need a big public conversation about how to live with ubiquitous sensors. Part of that means developing criteria to judge technology beyond basic hardware or software design. Let's call it the 'relationship test': How does this piece of technology change not just my life, but how I interact with you?
這兩款相機的體驗使我意識到，我們需要一場公開大討論，討論如何去忍受無處不在的傳感器。這種討論還意味着形成評判除基礎軟硬件設計之外的科技的標準，讓我們稱之爲“關係測試”吧：這項技術如何改變了我的生活以及我與你互動的方式？