會不會出現維生素攝入過多的情況?
In an ideal world, we'd all eat a perfectly balanced diet every day, getting 100% of the vitamins and minerals we need from fresh, tasty, and home-cooked foods. In real life, however, that rarely happens. That's where supplements come in-theoretically, at least.
在理想世界中，我們每天都會吃營養均衡的食物，從新鮮、美味的家常菜中獲取百分百的每日所需維生素和礦物質。然而，在現實生活中，這種情況鮮有發生。所以纔會出現維生素補充劑--至少從理論上來說，確實如此。For decades, we were taught that vitamins and minerals in pill form could help make up for deficiencies in the typical American diet, or provide health and energy boosts that food alone couldn't. In recent years, however, many scientists have changed their tunes, as study after study shows no evidence that most popular supplements have any real health benefits.
幾十年來，我們所瞭解到的情況是，維生素片和礦物質片可以補充美國人典型飲食中的維生素和礦物質缺乏，或提供單靠食物無法獲得的健康物質和能量。然而，近年來，很多科學家的看法都有所轉變，因爲一項又一項的研究表明：大多數流行的補充劑並沒有實質的健康益處。
That hasn't stopped the industry from booming, however. Americans spend more than $30 billion a year on supplements, and more than half of adults have taken a supplement in the past 30 days, according to a 2016 study in JAMA. Many of them regularly take more than one, and some go to extremes: Celebrity chef Giada De Laurentiis recently told The Cut that she takes "20 pills a day" on the advice of her acupuncturist-"10 in the morning and 10 in the evening."
但這並沒有阻止該行業的蓬勃發展。2016年JAMA期刊發表的一項研究表明：美國人每年會花費300億美元購買補充劑，一半以上的成年人在過去30天內服用了補充劑。很多人經常服用不止一種補充劑，甚至會出現極端情況：名廚Giada De Laurentiis最近接受The Cut採訪時說道，她聽從鍼灸師的建議，"每天吃20顆補充劑"--"早上10顆，晚上10顆。"
But will all those supplements actually do you any good? And more importantly, is it possible to take too many vitamins? We posed those questions to health and nutrition experts, and dug into the latest research. Here's what we learned.
但這些補充劑真的會給您帶來好處嗎？更爲重要的是，會不會出現維生素攝入過多的情況？我們諮詢了健康和營養專家，並深入查看近期研究，總結出以下知識點。The latest science on supplements
關於補充劑的最新研究Scientists know that people who eat lots of vitamin- and mineral-rich foods tend to live longer and healthier lives. But when those nutrients are served up in pill form, it's still unclear whether they have the same effect. For example, a major 2015 study found that taking dietary supplements does not appear to reduce the risk of cancer.
科學家知道，吃維生素和礦物質豐富飲食的人往往活得更久、更健康。但服用維生素片和礦物質片，尚不清楚是否能帶來相同的效果。比如，2015年的一項重大研究發現：服用膳食補充劑似乎並不會降低患癌風險。Several studies, including one published last month in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, have also found that regular supplement use has no net effect on heart health or risk of early death.
一些研究，包括上個月發表在美國心臟病學會雜誌上的一項研究，也已發現：定期服用補充劑對心臟健康或早期死亡風險並沒有實際影響。
