十大怪誕的睡眠障礙症狀(下)

rsomnia

5.嗜睡

Hypersomnia is a very rare sleep disorder that is said to only affect 200 people in the world today. The disorder is made up of periods of severe sleepiness. These periods of sleep can last for up to 18 hours a day and can go on for days and even weeks. It is said though, that only about 10 attacks occur per year. Before a person is hit with a hypersomnia attack, there are usually flu like symptoms present and a long-lasting headache. The attack itself can cause a person to gain weight and sweat profusely. Kleine-Levin Syndrome is marked by hypersomnia with odd behavior during the attacks, such as binge eating, aggression, confusion, hallucinations, and hypersexuality. There is also Menstrual-Related Hypersomnia which is said to be caused by hormonal imbalances.

嗜睡是一種睡眠障礙，目前全球僅有200名患者。這種睡眠障礙是指一段時間內有着嚴重的睡意。睡意來襲時可持續長達18小時，甚至數天、數星期。但是，患者一年大概只會發作10次。在嗜睡症發作之前，患者通常會有流感和持續性頭疼的症狀。嗜睡症一旦發作會使人增重並且大量出汗。克萊恩-萊文綜合症的特徵就是患者在嗜睡症發作期間行爲異常，比如暴飲暴食、具有攻擊性、意識模糊、出現幻覺和性慾亢進。另外，也有嗜睡症是由女性經期荷爾蒙失調造成的。

-Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)

4.快速眼動期睡眠行爲障礙

REM-Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is classified under the sleep disorder category of parasomnia. A parasomnia is when undesired events occur while sleeping. This disorder is said to cause people to act out extremely vivid dream while sleeping. RBD is usually confused with sleepwalking, sleep terrors, as well as sleep-talking. A lot of the time these dreams are full of action and sometimes violent. RBD is marked by swearing, shouting, flailing, kicking, and doing actions as if someone is fighting. If not treated, RBD can get worse and more violent. The disorder is mainly seen in men that are suffering from multiple system atrophy or Parkinson's.

快速眼動期睡眠行爲障礙（RBD）被歸爲深睡眠狀態下的一種睡眠障礙。深睡眠狀態下，我們最容易夢到一些不愉快的事件。該種睡眠障礙的患者在逼真的夢境中最容易發病。人們常把這種睡眠障礙與夢遊、驚醒、夢囈相混淆。這幾種情形的相似之處在於夢境里人們常會做出各種動作，甚至偶爾有暴力動作。但今天所說的這種睡眠障礙以咒罵、大喊大叫、搖搖欲墜、踢腳、以及做一些類似和人打架的動作爲標誌。如果不治療，患者病情會愈發嚴重。這種障礙通常見於多系統萎縮的病人和帕金森病人。

oding Head Syndrome

3.爆炸頭綜合徵

Exploding head syndrome is another parasomnia that causes the person to hear a loud noise just before falling asleep. Though it sounds like something you'd see in a movie, the disorder is real and often occurs while waking up in the middle of the night. Many times the sound reflects the sound of a bomb exploding or a loud banging noise. These sounds cause a lot of distress and often disturb sleep. Not many cases of this disorder are reported, but patients as young as 10 have been diagnosed with it.

爆炸頭綜合徵是另一種異睡症，其症狀爲：患者常會在入睡前聽到一聲巨響。儘管這聽起來像是發生於電影中的情節，但這種障礙是真實存在的，該病經常出現在半夜醒來時。患者常在夜間醒來時聽到類似炸彈爆炸的聲音或者巨大的砰砰聲。這些聲音會造成很大的困擾，經常影響睡眠。這種障礙症的實例報道不是很多，根據過往報道，該病患者中有年僅10歲的兒童。

p paralysis

2.睡眠癱瘓症

Sleep paralysis is marked by the ability to not move the body when falling asleep or when waking up from sleeping. When sleeping, the body experiences atonia, which is when the body is told to relax and be still. However, in sleep paralysis, atonia occurs when waking up or when falling asleep, instead of during sleep. In some cases people cannot move or even speak, but they are fully aware of what is going on. Sleep paralysis can last for several minutes, but usually goes away on its own. Some believe that the problem is common; saying that up to 40% of the population experiences the disorder. The good news is it isn't harmful and certain actions can sometimes help reduce or eliminate sleep paralysis.

睡眠癱瘓症的症狀是患者在剛入睡或是將醒未醒時，肢體無法動彈。人在睡眠期間，身體會處於一種張力極低的狀態，這種狀態常常發生於人體放鬆且保持靜止的時候。但是在患有睡眠癱瘓症的情況下，身體的這種低張力狀態不是出現在睡眠中，而是出現在即將醒來或者剛剛入睡的時候。在某些情況下，即使人們在意識上清楚地知道周圍發生的一切，身體卻動彈不得，也發不出聲音。所幸的是，這種睡眠癱瘓在持續了幾分鐘之後，通常會自己慢慢消失。一些人認爲，這樣的情況很常見，他們聲稱，多達40%的人有過這種經歷。好在這個問題對人體健康並無不良影響，採取一些治療手段就可以減輕甚至完全消除這種症狀。

-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Syndrome

1.非24小時睡眠-覺醒綜合症

Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Syndrome is one of the rarest sleep disorders doctors have ever come across. As humans we have a circadian rhythm that is said to roughly correlate with the 24 hours in a day. Of course there are variances from person to person, but usually people have a circadian rhythm of about 24-25 hours. However, people with this disorder do not have stable "body clocks." Instead the rhythm becomes delayed and set on 26 hours or longer. Some people even have 72 hour cycles as a regular daily pattern. Someone with a 72 hour cycle would be awake for 48 hours, and those with a 26 hour cycle will usually be awake for about 16. Generally people with the disorder sleep for about 2 hours longer compared to a normal wake time. Those who are blind often suffer from Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Syndrome.

非24小時睡眠-覺醒綜合症是醫生們遇到過的最罕見的睡眠障礙之一。據說我們人類有一種生理節律，大致與一天中的24小時緊密相關。當然了，這個節律也是因人而異，但通常情況下人們的節律週期都是24至25小時。但是有着這種睡眠障礙的人，他們是沒有穩定的生物鐘的。相反，這類人的節律週期會延遲爲26小時，或者是更長的時間。有些人的節律週期甚至達到72小時一循環。這類有着72小時週期節律的患者會保持48小時清醒，而那些以26小時爲節律週期的人，他們的清醒時間會比一般人要長兩個小時。另外，這種非24小時睡眠-覺醒綜合症多發於盲人羣體。

翻譯:風舞落月 來源:前十網