雙語科技百科(化學) 第49期:青瓷
Celadon
Celadon, a famous type of anaent Chinese stoneware, came into be-ing during the period of the Five is characterizecf by simple but refined shapes,jade-like glaze, solid substance and a distinc-tive otype first emerged as early as the Shang Dynasty, gained the equal fame with white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty. The skills in celadon designing and firing were con-summated in the Song Dynasty due to the con-tributions from five celebrated imperial kilns-Ru, Guan, Ge, Jun and Ding. With five impe-rial kilns paying tributes to the royal court with their fine celadon products, several plebeian kilns, best represented by Yaozhou kiln in North China and Longquan kiln in the south, also prospered with their unique designs in cetadon making.
青瓷是我國傳統國瓷，始於五代。青瓷的特點是質堅胎薄、線條優美、光澤柔和，從商周的原始青瓷，到唐代“南青北白”，青瓷的技藝在宋代達到顛峯。宋代五大名窯“汝、官、哥、鈞、定”，先後都以燒製青瓷而成爲宮廷瓷器，形成官窯青瓷的流派；而民間青瓷也是異常繁榮，以北方的耀州窯和南方的龍泉窯爲代表，形成獨特風格的民窯青瓷的流派。Celadon has long been highly appraised in China mainly due to ifs similarity with jade in coloring and is mainly colored with ferric oxides and its hardness is somewhere between china and porcelain, so it is usually classified as a type of stone ware.
青瓷之所以在中國受推崇，是因爲青瓷與玉石類似，它的成色成分和構成物質均與玉石相似，是以氧化鐵爲主要着色成分，而質地是屬於陶與瓷之間的“炻器”狀態，也就是常說的火石器。
