中國要求網絡用戶實名登記

China's official news agency says the government has tightened controls on Internet users by enacting rules requiring them to register their real names.

中國官方通訊社報道，政府通過要求網民實名註冊加強了對互聯網用戶的控制。

The state Xinhua news agency said lawmakers approved the measures Friday at the closing meeting of a five-day session of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

官方的新華社說，歷時五天的全國人大常委會在星期五的閉幕會議上通過了這項措施。

Beijing says the regulation is aimed at protecting the personal information of Web users and cracking down on abuses such as junk e-mail.

中國官方說，這項規定是爲了加強保護網絡用戶的個人信息，並打擊垃圾郵件等濫用行爲。

However real-name registration will also curtail people's ability to report, often anonymously, corruption and official abuses.

然而，實名登記制還將限制人們在網上舉報官員腐敗和濫用職權，這些舉報通常是匿名進行的。

Many Internet users in China have turned to so-called virtual private networks (VPNs) to gain access to websites that are otherwise blocked by China's Internet censorship, but Duncan Clark, a Beijing-based consultant who is also a senior adviser to Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, tells VOA's Victor Beattie Chinese authorities are limiting access to those, too, and that could hurt business:

中國境內很多網絡用戶使用“虛擬個人網絡”(VPN)登陸被中國審查人員封鎖的網站。不過，在北京的諮詢商、同時擔任斯坦福大學商學研究生院做高級顧問的鄧肯·克拉克對美國之音記者貝蒂說，中國當局也在限制人們獲取VPN的途徑，這可能會傷害到公司企業。

"On the one hand we have a lot of multi-national companies who depend on, and that includes Chinese multi-nationals who are trying to go global, who depend on access to sites outside and secure ways of exchanging data. But also we have a number of small to medium size enterprises who use cloud computing or things like Google Drive to access say you know shared accounting or invoicing software, and once that's blocked, of course people have been shifting to these VPNs, but if the VPNs aren't working, then you're out of luck."

克拉克說：“一方面，我們有很多跨國公司，包括那些想要走向全球的中國跨國公司，它們必須能夠登陸境外網站並以安全方式交換數據。可是，我們還有一些中小型企業，它們利用計算機雲技術或者谷歌的Google Drive這樣的途徑來獲取財務共享或者賬單共享等軟件。而一旦這條途徑被封，人們就轉向這些VPN，而如果VPN也不靈了，那你就倒黴了。”

Beijing promotes Internet use for business and education but bans material deemed subversive and blocks many Web sites.

北京推動商務或教育性的互聯網使用，但禁止被視爲具有顛覆性的內容，並封鎖了許多網站。