特朗普稱將對日韓發展核武持開放立場

Donald Trump said he would be open to Japan and South Korea building nuclear weapons to deter North Korea, and would consider withdrawing troops from both American allies unless they paid more for their own defence.

唐納德•特朗普(Donald Trump)表示，他會對日本和韓國開發核武器以威懾朝鮮的構想抱有開放心態，並會考慮從這兩個美國的盟國撤軍——除非它們在更大程度上爲自己的國防買單。

In an interview with the New York Times, Mr Trump said that allowing Japan and South Korea to develop a nuclear arsenal would reduce pressure on the US to come to their defence every time North Korea acted belligerently. Washington could not continue to respond to requests for help whenever Pyongyang “raises its head”, he warned.

特朗普在接受《紐約時報》(New York Times)採訪時表示，允許日本和韓國發展核武庫將減輕美國的壓力，以免每次朝鮮採取挑釁行動時，美國都得馳援日韓兩國。他警告稱，華盛頓方面不能繼續在每當朝鮮“擡頭”的時候都響應協防請求。

“There’ll be a point at which we’re just not going to be able to do it any more. Now, does that mean nuclear? It could mean nuclear,” the frontrunner for the Republican presidential nomination said.

“到了某個時間點，我們將再也不能這麼做了。嗯，那是不是意味着核選項？它可能意味着核選項，”這位共和黨總統候選人提名領跑者表示。

Many experts worry that Japan and South Korea developing atomic weapons would spark a nuclear arms race in east Asia that would be very dangerous, particularly given the tensions between Beijing and Tokyo. But Mr Trump said the US “cannot be the policeman of the world” and suggested Tokyo and Seoul would move in that direction anyway if the US continued along what he described as a path of “weakness”.

許多專家擔心，日本和韓國發展核武器會引發東亞核軍備競賽，那將是非常危險的，尤其是考慮到北京和東京之間的緊張關係。但特朗普表示，美國“當不了世界警察”，並提出，如果美國在他所稱的“軟弱”道路上走下去，東京和首爾反正會向着發展核武的方向前進。

“Would I rather have North Korea have them [nuclear weapons] with Japan sitting there having them also? You may very well be better off if that’s the case,” Mr Trump said, before adding that “if Japan had that nuclear threat, I’m not sure that would be a bad thing for us”.

“我會不會在朝鮮擁有核武的情況下，寧願讓近鄰的日本也擁有核武？那很可能是更有利的局面，”特朗普表示。他隨即補充說，“如果日本擁有那樣的核威懾，我不肯定那對我們會是一件壞事”。

The Japanese government did not immediately react to the comments from Mr Trump. But Ichiro Matsui, the Osaka governor, said Japan should be ready in case Mr Trump was elected president.

日本政府沒有立即對特朗普的言論作出反應。但大阪府知事鬆井一郎(Ichiro Matsui)表示，日本應當爲特朗普當選總統的可能性做好準備。

“Japanese politicians should prepare for the possibility of Mr Trump becoming president. Politicians have a duty to prepare for all possible scenarios.”

“日本政界人士應該爲特朗普成爲總統的可能性做準備。政界人士有責任爲所有可能發生的情況做好準備。”

While Mr Trump has said the US should do more to tackle terrorism, he has adopted one of the most isolationist stances on foreign policy for a leading Republican presidential contender in years. But in the New York Times interview, he disputed that idea, saying he was “not isolationist, but I am ‘America First’”.

儘管特朗普表示，美國應該採取更多行動打擊恐怖主義，但他採取了共和黨總統候選人領跑者多年來最爲孤立主義的立場之一。但在接受《紐約時報》採訪時，他駁斥了這個說法，稱自己“不是孤立主義者，而是信奉‘美國第一’”。

Foreign policy experts and the other presidential contenders this week criticised Mr Trump for suggesting — one day before the Belgium terror attacks — that Washington take a lesser role in Nato, the 28-member military alliance that has formed the bedrock of the transatlantic security relationship since the second world war.

外交政策專家和其他總統候選人上週曾批評特朗普的提議；他在比利時遭遇恐襲的前一天提議美國縮減其在北約(Nato)的角色；北約是一個有28個成員國的軍事同盟，自第二次世界大戰以來構成跨大西洋安全關係的基石。

During the campaign, Mr Trump has called on Japan and other US allies to pay more for their defence. While most US experts agree that other nations — particularly in Europe — should boost their defence budgets, Mr Trump has gone further. Asked if he would consider removing troops from Japan and South Korea unless they paid more, he said “yes”.

特朗普在競選期間呼籲日本等美國盟友加大爲各自國防買單的力度。儘管多數美國專家同意，其他國家——尤其是歐洲國家——應該提高它們的國防預算，但特朗普更進一步。在被問及他是否會考慮從日本和韓國撤軍——除非它們支付更多時，他說“是的”。

“I would not do so happily, but I would be willing to do it,” the New York businessman said. “We cannot afford to be losing vast amounts of billions of dollars on all of this . . . And I have a feeling that they’d up the ante very much.”

“我不會樂於那麼做，但我會願意走出這一步，”這名紐約商人表示，“我們承受不起爲這一切損失鉅額資金的代價……而我的感覺是，他們會顯著加大貢獻力度。”

Underscoring the difficulty in pinning down the foreign policy doctrine to which Mr Trump subscribes, he appeared to take a more interventionist stance on the South China Sea, where China has raised tensions by building artificial islands and dual-use facilities in the contested waters. Asked if he would consider claiming some of the islands or reefs in the South China Sea, he said “perhaps”, before adding that the US had other leverage, including “tremendous economic power over China”.

突顯很難看懂特朗普所信奉的外交政策學說的一點是，他似乎在南中國海採取更爲干涉主義的立場；中國在那裏的爭議海域建造人工島和軍民兩用設施，加劇了緊張局勢。在被問及他是否會考慮聲索南中國海的一部分島嶼或島礁時，他的回答是“也許”，隨即補充說，美國有其它槓桿可以利用，包括“對中國的巨大經濟力量”。