十大艾滋病毒重度感染國家

Month of December is an exciting time where people are busy listing the names of people that they would include on their gift list, but the 1st day of the month is significant to those people who are suffering and enduring the pains that come to the threatening and humiliating disease, HIV/AIDS. It is also called as Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which is actually a kind of infection that an individual will not recognize as a more severe kind of health concern that tend to be associated with an influenza symptoms. Some who ignore it would most likely discover the problem when it’s already in their critical conditions which most of the diagnosed patients have shared. In fact, the ratio has increased in a simultaneous pattern over the years because of the modern breakthrough available in this era like gadgets, and other gizmos that have triggered unsafe ways of expressing physical love and emotions. This is not about the moral issue, but the speed-up of mortality in these top 10 countries that have highest HIV/Aids rate. Know the problems, and be aware of the main causes so you could protect the next generation, and even your loved ones. As nations around the world celebrate the World Aids Day on December 01, 2012, find time to be part of the solution.

在激動人心的十二月裏，人們正忙着在禮物清單上寫下收禮人的名字，在但這個月的第一天，對那些不幸患威脅生命並極具羞辱的疾病的人來說卻意義重大。HIV/艾滋，也被稱作人類免疫缺陷病毒感染或獲得性免疫缺陷綜合症。這類感染會導致人體無法識別伴隨感冒症狀一起侵入的更嚴重的病毒。一些忽視它們的人往往在身體機能惡化後才發現問題，並且多數確診患者都有這樣的經歷。事實上，因爲現代流行的狂熱小配件和其他小玩意兒給肉體和情感之愛提供了不安全的表達方式。從而導致感染比例在幾年內一直呈線性增長。我們不評定其是非道德，只關心這十個艾滋高度感染國家急速上升的死亡率。在清楚了艾滋感染的主要原因後，你就可以保護下一代，甚至是你的愛人。世界各國都在2012年12月1日迎接世界艾滋日，找個時間成爲解決這個問題的一份子吧。

The last adult prevalence rate in Uganda is 6.5%, but the highest record it had happened in 1980s and the early part of 1990s. In fact, based on the yearly annual graphical presentation there are declining patterns that have been manifested. This is actually a good indicator that there are positive responses from the people although there are new cases that have also calculated that are added from the total cases of the confirmed HIV patients. Hence, they have made programs for mothers and women since 1990s and other Counseling and Testing Centers in order to fight the increasing ratio of HIV positive.

烏干達最近的成人患病率爲6.5%，但其最高紀錄產生於80年代和90年代初。事實上，根據每年的年度圖文演示，列表中的走勢都在不斷下降。人們積極的迴應說明這實際上是一個好兆頭，雖然統計的HIV確診病人總數中有新的病例加入。因此，烏干達人民爲其母親們和婦女在90年代成立了相關項目和其他諮詢檢測中心，目的在於對抗不斷上升的陽性HIV病率。

Malawi is the country that you could find situated in Southeast part of Africa. It ranked number 9 because of the recorded 9% prevalence rate among adults from 15 to 49 years old, which actually represents one million HIV patients out of the 15.4 total population in this country. It’s very alarming because AIDS is the primary cause of the mortality rate in Malawi where an adult could live up to 52 years. Hence, the government itself has been proactive in implementing solutions and other preventive programs in order to lower down the epidemic scale of this disease. The first recorded HIV case was took place in 1985, and it’s all blamed to the 30-year ruling of President Hastings Banda who did not take the matter seriously.

馬拉維是一個落於非洲東南部的國家。它排在第九位是因爲在15--49歲成人中高達9%的患病率，這就意味着在一千五百四十萬的總人數中，有一百萬例HIV患者。情勢相當嚴峻，因爲艾滋已成爲馬拉維死亡率的主導因素，成年人平均只能活到52歲。於是，政府積極主動地採取措施並組建其他項目，致力減小該流行疾病的規模。1985年，首例HIV患者產生了，這一切得追究於黑斯廷斯.班達總統在30年統治中沒有嚴肅對待這個問題。

Mozambique is another country which is part of the Southeast Africa that has 11.5 % HIV prevalence rate among adults, and its primary cause is the heterosexual contact that caused higher risk to women compared to men. In figures there are about 5.7 million of people in Mozambique who are affected of HIV. The sad thing out of 11.5%, only 8% receives continuous treatment because of the inaccessibility and situation among the people in Mozambique. The main reason for that is the lack of orientation, and most of them are not even aware that they are carrier of HIV, and have never been confirmed.

莫桑比克是非洲東南部的一個國家，其成人HIV患病率達到11.5%，主要致病原因爲異性間的性傳播，並且女性患病風險高於男性。數據顯示莫桑比克約有五百七十萬人口感染了HIV病毒。令人痛心的是，由於條件匱乏和惡劣的環境，在這11.5%的患者中，僅有8%能連續接受治療。患病的主要原因是人們缺乏取向意識，還有大多數人因無法就診，甚至不知道自己是HIV攜帶者

Namibiais found in the western border of the Atlantic Ocean which belongs to Southern Africa territory. It has been one of the health problems in Namibia since 1996 because it got the highest ratio of mortality rate compared with other health diseases in the country. Nevertheless, it has decreased as well by 2001 because of the continuous campaigns from the government.

納米比亞位於大西洋西部邊界的國家地屬南非洲。自從1996年該國的艾滋病死亡率高於其他疾病後，艾滋病便成了納米比亞的健康問題之一。然而，由於政府的不停競選，艾滋病率到2001年已經有所下降。

Zambia is a landlocked country that you can find again in South Africa which is near Congo and other Democratic countries. Its prevalent HIV ratio is 13.5 %, placing them to number 6 spot, which is not a good indication of improvement in terms of literacy about HIV, and its causes. The only difference compared to other countries that are part of this list is that, most of the patients are found in the wealthier scale of sector. In most cases, those people who belong to C and D classes that are known to be the poorest in the community are vulnerable to activity that leads to this kind of disease. However, the wealthiest sections of the country are the ones who are vulnerable, and carrier of AIDS. The sad part women and girls contribute greatly to that rate.

贊比亞是一個你沿着南非就可以看到的內陸國家，它靠近剛果和其他民主國家。13.5%的HIV患病率使其居於第六位，這也表明人們對於HIV病毒及其造成原因的認識並未提升。對比所列國家，它唯一的區別就是大多病患來自較富裕區域。在多數情況下，處於第三、第四階層的特困人羣在日常中易感染該病。然而，這個國家易感染人羣和艾滋病毒攜帶者卻來自最富裕階層。其中婦女和女孩不幸佔多數。

Zimbabweis another landlocked country in South Africa which is near Limpopo and Zambezi rivers. It’s prevalent ratio recorded for HIV cases is 14.3%. The government officials of the country noted that there are about around 1.2 million of male or men who have not yet undergone circumcision and they are afraid that it will increase in 2015. It is one of the main focuses of the people who are behind the campaign to boost circumcision practices among males. According to research, that there are about 60% of decreased in HIV cases because of the strong implementation of circumcision. Nonetheless, there is a close to match ratio because 12% are still uncircumcised while 14% are circumcised, there is still a need to boost up the campaign.

津巴布韋也是一個南非的內陸國家，緊挨林波波河和贊比西河。它記錄的HIV病例患病率爲14.3%。該國的政府官員公佈國內約有120萬名男性未進行包皮環切手術，他們擔憂該數據在2015年還會增長。倡導男性採取包皮環切手術是競選者主要任務之一。據調查，由於採取強烈手段實施該手術，HIV病例已減少約60%。然而，由於進行手術和未進行手術的比例不相上下---分別是12%和14%，所以競選者仍需要繼續努力。

It is called South Africa since it’s situated on the southern tip in Africa. Hence, the AIDS prevalence rate in this country is 17.8, which is a bit high compared to Zimbabwe. In fact, in the recent report made in the first quarter of 2012, the government leaders of the country recognized and acknowledge the help of condom in decreasing the ratio of HIV positive cases especially the infections. In fact, it’s good news because there is a half-decreased if that would be compared against the rate recorded in 1999.

之所以稱之爲南非，是因爲它位於非洲南端。該國的艾滋病患病率爲17.8%，略高於津巴布韋。實際上，近來2012年第一季度的報告顯示，南非政府領導已經意識到避孕套對減少陽性HIV病例，特別是對防止病毒感染所起的幫助。其實，比起1999年記錄的數據，目前的病患率已降低了一半，這可是個好消息。

You might wonder why majority of the countries that are included on this list are all found in one continent, and that is in Africa where Lesotho belongs to as well. Its recorded prevalence rate is 23.6% although according to statistics, there is a slight improvement in figures for the last 2 years. It’s being attributed to the 5-year plan to save 20,000 lives, and it became effective. Hence, there primary contributor to that percentage is found in the age bracket of 30 to 39 years old which is about 40% wherein 26.7 % are a woman and 18 percent are men. In fact, this is the major block for economic progress of the country, but there are concrete plans and actions being carried out for the benefit of the children and the entire country.

也許你會不解爲何所列國家大多在同一大洲，並且萊索托也在非洲。根據數據顯示，該國記錄的患病率爲23.6%，在過去的兩年，情況略有好轉。這得歸功於5年計劃，該項計劃致力救治2000條生命，並且取得了效果。因此，約40%比率的患者被發現主要爲30--39歲的人羣，其中女性爲26.7%，男性爲18%。其實，艾滋病已成爲阻礙萊索托經濟發展的主要原因，但考慮到兒童和整個國家的利益，一系列穩定的計劃和措施正在執行中。

You may also this country in South Africa that has 24.8 % prevalent ratio of HIV cases, wherein a quarter of population is diagnosed of this disease. Imagine that the population ratio of Botswana is approximately 2 million alone, but the life expectancy has increased, which actually falls at 24.8% in age bracket of 15 to 49 years old. There is no significant improvement since 1985. In fact, it has increased greatly, and one of the tools that government sees is an expansion of the facilities to be available in areas that have high cases of HIV. Some of the things that the leaders of Botswana is doing in order to prevent and of course decrease the problem is public awareness program especially to the youth, and improvement of blood safety.

這個同樣來自非洲的國家，HIV患病率爲24.8%，也就是四分之一的人口被診斷出感染該疾病。假設博茨瓦納人口數將近200萬，人均壽命雖延長了，但15--49歲段的壽命實際上卻降低了24.8%。自從1985年起，疫情就從未得到顯著的改善。相反，還急劇惡化。政府能着手的方法之一就是在HIV高度感染區域擴大設備的使用範圍。博茨瓦納領導爲了抵禦疾病，當然也爲減少疾病，所做的努力之一就是建立公共意識項目，尤其是針對年輕人的，並加強血液安全。

It is referred to as Swatini and Ngwane that is part of Southern Africa. Hence, it still holds the highest ratio of HIV of 25.9% among countries that have highest incidents and cases of AIDS. The first reported case happened in 1986, and it increases yearly. It becomes epidemic in the whole country, wherein 20 percent of which are found in men, and 31 percent are women. It has the most severe case and percentage of life expectancy that it reached about 48.7%. It has not been halted, and it continually serves as a threat to the people in Swaziland. The primary factor why it never ceases is because of ignorance found among the people, and there are about half deaths too recorded among children under 5 years old. The cultural norms also contributes to the causes despite that there is improvement found in circumcision implementation among male.

斯威士蘭也就是指斯瓦蒂尼和恩格瓦尼，它也是南非的一部分。因此，它在各國間仍持有25.9%的最高艾滋病率。首例報導的病患產生於1986年，並且患者每年都在增加。艾滋病已成爲全國的流行病，其中男性患病率爲20%，女性爲31%。斯威士蘭的疫情最爲嚴峻，人均壽命降低了48.7%。這裏的疫情非但沒有得到控制，還繼續威脅着人們的生命。疾病持續蔓延最主要的原因在於人們對它的忽視，統計中也有近一半的死者爲5歲以下的兒童。儘管男性包皮環切手術率有所提高，但該國的文化準則卻繞道而行。