中英雙語話歷史 第51期:東晉的統治
Failed to earn himself credits as a member of royal family before coming to power, together with his ordinary capability , Sima Rui was not supported by the big northern immigrant landlords and the southern gentry.
As he had little to start out with as an emperor now, Sima Rui enlisted the support of statesman Wang Dao, who wisely brought together the two powerful groups in a joint effort to prop up the newly established dynasty in southern China. Thus the Eastern Jin*s governing in the south was sustained.
但是,他重用了政治家王導。王導運用策略，使南方士族支持司馬睿,北方南遷的士族也決意擁護司馬睿，穩定了東晉政權, 維持了偏安局面。Out of gratitude, Wang Dao was assumed the position of the chief Minister in control of the court and Wang Dun, the half brother of Wang Dao, grasped the power of army forces and defense. Besides ,other main posts in court were in the hands of Wang’s families as well.
司馬睿十分感激王導，任他爲宰相，執掌朝政，讓王導的堂兄王敦都督軍事，握有重兵，控制軍權，其他重要的官職，大多數也由王導家族擔任。
Virtually, it was a joint ruling of Sima Rui and Wang Dao in the Eastern Jin govern-ment.
東晉王朝，實際上是王導和司馬睿共同掌握的。Upon the ceremony of ascending the throne, Sima Rui repeatedly invited Wang Dao to sit together with him, which meant the sharing of authority, and was declined by the latter.
司馬睿在登基大典上,幾次請王導和他一起坐上寶座,接受羣臣拜賀，王導謝絕。No wander there was word that“Wang and Ma (Sima Rui)，under the sun”.
時人曾流傳說:“王與馬，共天下。”Being well accepted by his people, Sima Rui became unsatisfied with the situation of sharing power with Wang Dao, and he kept close terms with Liu Kui and Diao Xie，meaning to dent the influence of Wang Dao in the court. He made an unsuccessful conspiracy to remove thoroughly Wang Dao's weight resulting from the fact that Wang Dun, hearing the words, took an initial strike, defeated Liu Kui in Wuchang (now Hubei), breezed through Jiankang, the capital, and killed Diao Xie.
司馬睿在穩定了皇位後，開始不滿“王馬共天下”的局面，就起用劉隗、刁協爲心腹，以削弱王導勢力，並暗中進行軍事部署，試圖最終全面排除王導勢力。王敦先發制人,從武昌（今屬湖北)起兵擊敗劉隗，進入建康，殺死刁協。It was under Wang Dao ’ s persuasion that Wang Dun withdrew to Wuchang leaving the power still in the hands of Wang Dao.
在王導的勸說下，王敦才退兵武昌，政權仍然由王導控制。Realizing that there was no way to restrict the weight of Wang Dao and his order was like to that of the deaf ears despite he was the emperor, Sima Rui was upset and fell ill as the time being.
司馬睿見無法動搖王導勢力，自己名爲天子，號令卻不出宮門，漸漸憂憤成病，臥牀不起。As the last resort, he appointed Situ Xunzu, the only minister could be trusted, Tai Wei (officials in charge of the army force in court) and the Guard of the Apparent Emperor with purpose to suppress Wang Dao.
他想到大臣中只有司徒荀組對自己比較忠順，就任命他爲太尉兼領太子太保，打算讓他參與朝政，鉗制王導。However, Situ Xunzu was ill and died shortly afterwards. Sima Rui was even mourned, and was his illness aggravated. On a night in November 322, Sima Rur^
died in his adytum leaving last order that his son, Sima Shao would succeed him.不料司徒荀組受任不久就病死，司馬眷更加憂傷，病勢加重，公元322年11月的一個晚上，司馬睿病死於建康宮中的內殿。遺詔宣佈由太子司馬紹繼位。
