以碳水化合物爲主飲食可能導致更年期提前

A diet high in carbs could bring on an earlier menopause, a study suggests.
一項研究表明，碳水化合物高的飲食會導致更年期提前。

Eating lots of pasta and rice was associated with reaching menopause one-and-a-half years earlier than the average age of women in the UK of 51.
英國婦女的平均更年期年齡爲51歲，而以麪食和大米爲主的英國婦女與一般婦女相比，更年期到來的時間會提前一年半。

However, the University of Leeds study of 914 UK women, also found that a diet rich in oily fish and peas and beans may delay natural menopause.
然而，利茲大學對914名英國女性的研究也發現，富含高油脂魚類、豌豆和豆類的飲食可能會延緩自然更年期。

But experts say many other factors, including genes, influence timing of the menopause.
但專家說，包括基因在內的許多其他因素也會影響更年期的時間。

It's not clear how big a contribution dietary choices might make and women should not worry about changing what they eat based on the findings, they add.
他們補充道，目前還不清楚飲食選擇會有多大關聯，而女性不應該擔心該調查結果並改變她們的飲食。

The research was published in the Journal of Epidemiology And Community Health and the women were asked what their typical diet contained.
該研究發表在《流行病學與社區衛生雜誌》上，研究中女性們被問到了她們的典型飲食包含什麼。

The researchers took into account other potentially influencing factors, such as a woman's weight, reproductive history and use of HRT, but they weren't able to consider genetic factors, which can influence age of menopause.
研究人員考慮了其他潛在的影響因素，如女性的體重、生育史和荷爾蒙替代療法的使用，但他們無法衡量能夠影響更年期的遺傳因素。

The study is observational and cannot prove any cause, but the researchers offer some possible explanations behind their findings.
這項研究是觀察性的，並不能直接證明飲食與更年期的關係，但研究人員提供了一些可能的解釋。

For example, legumes contain antioxidants, which may preserve menstruation for longer. Omega-3 fatty acids, which are in oily fish, also stimulate antioxidant capacity in the body.
例如，豆類含抗氧化劑，可以延長月經時間。油性魚類含有Omega-3脂肪酸，可以促進抗氧化劑對身體的作用。

Refined carbs boost the risk of insulin resistance, which can interfere with sex hormone activity and boost oestrogen levels.
精製碳水化合物會增加胰島素牴觸的風險，這可能會干擾性激素的活性並增加雌激素水平。