書單推薦：斯大林最愛的6本書 你都看過嗎

“The Ladies' Paradise” by Émile Zola
左拉《女士樂園》
Émile Zola was among the authors admired by Joseph Stalin. The mixture of the innocent country girl thrust into city life and struggle are reminiscent of Fantine in Les Misérables, while the exploration of business and politics also strike a similar note. The lion-like image of the department store ruling over human lives is symbolic of the highs and lows of consumerist culture today.
左拉是約瑟夫·斯大林景仰的作者之一。天真的鄉村姑娘一頭扎進城市生活裏掙扎求生，讓人想起《悲慘世界》裏的芳汀，而對商業和政治的挖掘也激發出類似的感觸。商店如獅虎般控制着人類的生命，象徵了當今消費主義文化的起起落落。

“The Brothers Karamasov” by Dostoevsky
陀思妥耶夫斯基《 卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》
Stalin mentioned Dostoyevsky as an example of a deep psychologist. It is known that since his youth Stalin was reading Dostoevsky with great interest. While reading "The Brothers Karamazov", Stalin has made a lot highlights and notes in the is of the best allegorical novels to explain the fractured nature of 19th century Russia. Each character is representative of one of the ruling classes. Throughout are themes of love, law, and duty.
斯大林提過，陀思妥耶夫斯基是位深刻的心理學家。衆所周知，青年時期的斯大林讀起陀思妥耶夫斯基的著作時興趣滿懷。閱讀《卡拉馬佐夫兄弟》時，用熒光筆圈劃，並在空白處做筆記。這本書是最佳的諷喻小說之一，揭示了19世紀俄國分崩離析的本質。每個角色都代表了統治階級的一員。貫穿全書的主題有愛、法律還有責任。

“The Crowd: A study of the Popular Mind” by Gustave Le Bon
古斯塔夫·勒龐的《烏合之衆》

Either meant for everyday reading or as an introduction to sociology, this book indicates why Wal-Mart crowds act both mindfully and mindlessly on Black Friday. The equality and unity of a crowd can be a powerful tool, or a double-edged sword. The secret lies in the capture of the imagination, for a crowd’s momentum can be enhanced or governed by images.
提起這本書，不是作爲日常讀物，便是作爲社會學的介紹之用；這本書指出，緣何沃爾瑪的顧客羣體在黑色星期五這天既有所顧慮又無所用心。羣體的平等與一致可以是有利的工具，也可能是雙刃劍。祕訣在於抓住想象力，羣衆的動力可以提高，也可以被形象所掌控。

”The Knight in the Panther Skin” by Shota Rustavel
魯斯塔韋利《虎皮武士》
Stalin knew all the old translations of this book, and when the new edition of the book was being published in 1940-1941, he even made several amendments to the translation from Georgian.
斯大林知曉這本書所有的譯本，這本書1940至1941年間出新版之時，斯大林甚至還就格魯吉亞譯本作了若干修訂。

The Bible
《聖經》
Stalin has been quoting long passages from the Bible.
斯大林一直就大幅引用聖經選段。

Stories of Anton Chekhov
《契訶夫短篇》
Stalin has been quoting passages from Chekhov many times. Almost every story has a redemptive note of hope mixed in with levels of bleak despair.
斯大林多次引用契訶夫的故事篇章。幾乎每則故事都有一絲希望，帶來救贖，卻也混雜着重重絕望，暗無天日。

"The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli
尼科洛·馬基雅維利《君主論》

This is said to be one of the most favorite books of Stalin, from which he took advice on governing the state. Machiavelli's posthumous work can be bundled on a reading list with the Art of War for true insight on how to build power and decimate enemies. Though the advice was meant for the Medici ruling family in Italy, the principles can still hold true, or at least shed a light on how to weave through the murky waters of politics.
據說這是斯大林最愛的書之一，他從中汲取治國之道。馬基雅維利的遺作可以與《孫子兵法》比肩，深明洞悉如何建立權勢、又如何斬殺敵人。儘管書中的建議指向意大利美第奇家族，但其原則仍然真實有效，至少對如何混跡政界、如何在一潭渾水裏也遊刃有餘還是有借鑑之處的。