英醫學研究：人死後“靈魂出竅”確有其事

There is scientific evidence to suggest that life can continue after death, according to the largest ever medical study carried out on the subject.

A team based in the UK has spent the last four years seeking out cardiac arrest patients to analyse their experiences, and found that almost 40 per cent of survivors described having some form of “awareness” at a time when they were declared clinically dead.

Experts currently believe that the brain shuts down within 20 to 30 seconds of the heart stopping beating – and that it is not possible to be aware of anything at all once that has happened.

But scientists in the new study said they heard compelling evidence that patients experienced real events for up to three minutes after this had happened – and could recall them accurately once they had been resuscitated.

Dr Sam Parnia, an assistant professor at the State University of New York and a former research fellow at the University of Southampton who led the research, said that he previously that patients who described near-death experiences were only relating hallucinatory events.

One man, however, gave a “very credible” account of what was going on while doctors and nurses tried to bring him back to life – and says that he felt he was observing his resuscitation from the corner of the room.

Speaking to The Telegraph about the evidence provided by a 57-year-old social worker Southampton, Dr Parnia said: “We know the brain can’t function when the heart has stopped beating.

“But in this case, conscious awareness appears to have continued for up to three minutes.

“The man described everything that had happened in the room, but importantly, he heard two bleeps from a machine that makes a noise at three minute intervals. So we could time how long the experienced lasted for.

“He seemed very credible and everything that he said had happened to him had actually happened.”

Dr Parnia’s study involved 2,060 patients from 15 hospitals in the UK, US and Austria, and has been published in the journal Resuscitation.

Of those who survived, 46 per cent experienced a broad range of mental recollections, nine per cent had experiences compatible with traditional definitions of a near-death experience and two per cent exhibited full awareness with explicit recall of “seeing” and “hearing” events – or out-of-body experiences.

Dr Parnia said that the findings of the study as a whole suggested that “the recalled experience surrounding death now merits further genuine investigation without prejudice”.

Dr Jerry Nolan, editor-in-chief of the journal which published the research, said: “The researchers are to be congratulated on the completion of a fascinating study that will open the door to more extensive research into what happens when we die.”人們的靈魂真的會出竅嗎？據英國《獨立報》10月7日報道，由英國研究人員開展的一項醫學研究表明，在人死亡（心臟停止跳動）之後，生命其實並未停止，“靈魂”還在活動。

研究人員在過去四年裏致力於對心臟驟停患者的經驗進行分析。結果發現，有40%左右的倖存者描述稱，他們被宣佈臨牀死亡時存在某種形式的“意識”。

研究還獲得了令人信服的證據，證明患者在心臟停止跳動後仍經歷了長達兩到三分鐘的真實事件，且恢復知覺後患者能清楚回憶起發生過的事情。

目前，專家認爲大腦在心臟停止跳動後的20到30秒就會停止工作，這意味着死者不可能再意識到任何事物。

此項研究涉及來自英國、美國和澳大利亞15家醫院的2060名病人，研究成果發表在醫學雜誌《復甦》上。

在倖存者當中，46%的人經歷了廣泛的精神記憶，9%的人的經歷符合瀕死體驗的傳統定義，另有2%的人表現出充分的意識，可清楚回憶出“所看”和“所聽”到的事情，也被叫做“靈魂出竅”的體驗。

紐約州立大學助理教授薩姆·帕爾尼亞是此次研究的牽頭人，他表示自己此前認爲瀕死經歷只是些幻覺事件，但一名男性患者給出了“非常可信”的解釋，他所述的一切確確實實發生過。。

這名患者是57歲的社會工作者索桑普頓，他說，在醫生和護士盡力搶救他的時候，他感覺他正在房間的某個角落在注視自己的知覺復甦過程。

“我們知道，心臟停止跳動後大腦就無法運作。但這個案例中，患者的自覺意識似乎在心臟停止跳動後持續了3分鐘。他描述了發生在病房的所有事情，更重要的是，他聽到了一臺機器的兩次信號聲，而該機器每隔三分鐘響一次。因此我們可以推斷意識持續的時間。”帕爾尼亞說。

《復甦》雜誌主編傑裏·諾蘭表示，這項研究爲將來對這個主題更廣泛的研究開啓了一扇大門。