MI6 警惕敵對國家破壞活動

State-sponsored propaganda, fake news and subversion pose a “fundamental” threat to the sovereignty of the UK and its allies, according to the chief of Britain’s Secret Intelligence Service.

英國祕密情報局（Secret Intelligence Service，即軍情六處）局長表示，國家後臺的宣傳、假新聞和顛覆對英國及其盟友的國家主權構成“根本性”威脅。

Although he did not name Russia, references in a rare public speech by Alex Younger, head of MI6, left little doubt he was referring to recent activities that many western spy agencies attribute to the Kremlin. “The risks are profound,” he said.

儘管沒有點名俄羅斯，但軍情六處(MI6)掌門人亞歷克斯.揚格(Alex Younger)在難得的公開演講中提到的最近一些活動，無疑被許多西方間諜機構認爲出自克里姆林宮之手。“相關風險是深遠的，”他說。

His warning comes after a deeply divisive US election campaign in which federal authorities said Russian intelligence sought to influence voters by discrediting Hillary Clinton.

他的警告是在美國經歷了一場深層次分裂的總統競選後發出的，其間美國聯邦政府有關部門曾表示，俄羅斯情報機構尋求通過抹黑希拉里.克林頓(Hillary Clinton)來影響選民。

MI6 and Nato officials share significant concerns over what the Kremlin may do to disrupt or manipulate elections in Europe next year.

軍情六處和北約(Nato)的官員都十分擔憂，克里姆林宮明年可能採取行動擾亂或者操縱歐洲的選舉。

“The connectivity that is at the heart of globalisation can be exploited by states with hostile intent to further their aims deniably,” said Mr Younger.

“作爲全球化核心的連通性可能被某些抱有惡意的國家利用，以一種可以抵賴的方式來達到它們的目標。”

Russia’s spy agencies are increasingly active in Europe, senior European intelligence officials recently told the FT.

歐洲高級情報官員最近告訴英國《金融時報》，俄羅斯的間諜機構在歐洲日益活躍。

Mr Younger said attempts to manipulate elections and distort public information fitted into “the dangerous phenomenon of hybrid warfare”, which was spreading in its use and effectiveness.

揚格表示，試圖操縱選舉和扭曲公共信息符合“‘混合戰爭’的危險現象”，其使用範圍和有效程度都在擴大。

Hybrid warfare is now central to the way the Kremlin confronts countries it sees as strategic adversaries, such as the UK. It involves economic and information manipulation, and includes subversion and covert acts of destruction and destabilisation.

混合戰爭是目前克里姆林宮針對其眼中的戰略對手——如英國——所採取的手段的核心，涉及經濟和信息操縱，並且包括顛覆、採取祕密行動進行破壞和製造亂局。

While many techniques now practised by Russia were used by the KGB, the internet has created powerful new methods of influence. “Data and the internet have turned our business on its head,” Mr Younger said.

儘管俄羅斯目前採取的很多手法都是克格勃(KGB)過去使用過的，但互聯網創造了強有力的製造影響力的新辦法。“數據和互聯網讓我們的工作發生了翻天覆地的變化，”揚格說。