美國指控中國丹東鴻祥破壞對朝制裁
US prosecutors charged four Chinese individuals and a Chinese company with conspiring to evade US economic sanctions on North Korea by establishing a web of shell companies that funnelled hundreds of millions of dollars through the US financial system.
美國檢方指控四名中國個人和一家中國公司合謀規避美國對朝鮮的經濟制裁，稱他們編織了一張空殼公司蛛網，通過美國金融體系輸送數億美元。
The scheme, which ran for at least six years beginning in 2009, enabled Korea Kwangson Banking Corporation (KKBC) in Pyongyang to evade US sanctions and buy commodities including coal, sugar and fertiliser for North Korea’s battered economy.
從2009年開始，該計劃運行了至少六年，它使平壤的朝鮮光鮮銀行(KKBC)得以逃避美國的制裁，爲困境中的朝鮮經濟購買煤炭、食糖和化肥等大宗商品。
The Department of Justice on Monday unsealed a criminal complaint charging Ma Xiaohong and her company, Dandong Hongxiang Industrial Development Co (DHID), and three executives, Zhou Jianshu, the general manager; Hong Jinhua, the deputy general manager; and Luo Chuanxu, the company’s financial manager, with conspiracy to violate US sanctions law and conspiracy to launder monetary instruments.
美國司法部(DoJ)週一對馬曉紅和她的公司丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司(DHID)，以及三名高管——總經理周建舒、副總經理洪錦花以及財務經理Luo Chuanxu——發出刑事訴狀，罪名是陰謀違反美國製裁法律和陰謀用貨幣工具洗錢。
No US financial institutions were implicated in the crimes, the DoJ said.
美國司法部表示，沒有美國金融機構與本案的犯罪行爲有牽連。
The Department of Treasury also imposed sanctions on DHID, Ms Ma, Zhou and Hong for their efforts on Pyongyang’s behalf and moved to freeze funds in 25 Chinese bank accounts that allegedly belong to DHID and its network of front companies.
美國財政部還對丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司、馬曉紅、周建舒和洪錦花實施制裁，理由是他們爲平壤方面效勞。美方還採取行動，凍結據稱屬於丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司及其幌子公司的25箇中資銀行賬戶。
Once a federal judge issues the required restraining order, US officials will ask their counterparts in China to restrain the funds, which are held in accounts at several big Chinese banks, including China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of Communications Co of China, China Construction Bank, Guangdong Development Bank, and the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China.
一旦聯邦法官發出所需的禁制令，美國官員將要求中國同行凍結涉案資金，這些資金被存在數家中國大銀行，包括招商銀行(China Merchants Bank)、上海浦東發展銀行(Shanghai Pudong Development Bank)、中國農業銀行(Agricultural Bank of China)、交通銀行(Bank of Communications)、中國建設銀行(CCB)、廣東發展銀行(Guangdong Development Bank)以及中國工商銀行(ICBC)。
DHID created a network of 22 front companies, located in jurisdictions such as the British Virgin Islands, the Seychelles and Hong Kong, to carry out the prohibited US dollar transactions, according to the DoJ.
美國司法部稱，丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司創建了22家幌子公司，形成一張蛛網，這些公司分佈於英屬維爾京羣島、塞舌爾羣島和香港等司法管轄區，以進行被禁的美元交易。
Shell companies also were established in the UK in Cardiff and Daventry.
此外還在英國卡迪夫(Cardiff)和達文特里 (Daventry)建立了空殼公司。
The scheme allowed KKBC, which lost access to the US financial system in 2009 when it was sanctioned for its support of North Korea’s nuclear weapons programme, to make dollar-based purchases on the world market.
這項安排使在2009年因支持朝鮮核武計劃而受到制裁、被踢出美國金融體系的朝鮮光鮮銀行得以在國際市場上進行美元採購。
There was no legitimate business reason for DHID to go through the work and expense of setting up front companies to transact business in US dollars, except to avoid US sanctions, the DoJ said in the complaint.
除了逃避美國製裁以外，丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司沒有正當的商業理由爲了用美元做生意而建立幌子公司，還要爲此付出精力和費用，美國司法部在訴狀中稱。
In one January 2012 transaction, a North Korean diplomat based in Nakhodka, Russia, used Ms Ma’s personal bank account to wire about $3m in Chinese currency so that DHID could make a US dollar payment on the diplomat’s behalf, according to prosecutors.
美國檢方稱，在2012年1月的一筆交易中，常駐俄羅斯納霍德卡(Nakhodka)的一名朝鮮外交官利用馬曉紅的個人銀行賬戶匯款價值約300萬美元的人民幣，使丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司可以代表這名外交官進行一筆美元付款。
In emails, the accused sought to mask the source of their business, referring to North Korea as that country, said the complaint.
訴狀稱，幾名被告在電子郵件中試圖掩蓋他們的業務來源，以那個國家指代朝鮮。
As part of their investigation, FBI agents visited the Hong Kong address used by 11 of the front companies and found no evidence of actual business being conducted.
作爲調查的一部分，美國聯邦調查局(FBI)探員走訪了其中11家幌子公司所用的香港地址，發現那裏沒有實際開展業務的證據。
Agents also obtained emails via search warrants.
探員還憑藉搜查令獲取了電子郵件。
One of the strengths of our sanctions programs is that they prevent sanctioned wrongdoers from engaging in US dollar transactions, said John Carlin, the assistant attorney-general for national security.
我方制裁方案的一個優勢是，它們阻止被制裁的違法者用美元進行交易，美國司法部負責國家安全的助理部長約翰•卡林(John Carlin)表示。
Denying the use of the US financial system can greatly curtail illegal activities and disrupt efforts to provide weapons of mass destruction to terrorists and rogue nations.
不讓制裁對象利用美國的金融體系，大大有助於遏制非法活動，挫敗向恐怖分子和無賴國家提供大規模殺傷性武器的努力。
Ms Ma is described as a woman in her mid-40s who owns 80 per cent of DHID and serves as chief executive.
馬曉紅被描述爲一名40多歲的女性，擁有丹東鴻祥實業發展有限公司80%股份，並擔任首席執行官。
Her company, located in Dandong in northeastern China, just across the Yalu River from North Korea, claimed to account for more than 20 per cent of total trading volume between the neighbouring countries, according to the criminal complaint.
她的公司總部位於中國東北的丹東，與朝鮮之間只隔着鴨綠江。美方的刑事訴狀稱，她的公司佔了中朝貿易總量的20%以上。
