4名猶太教徒在耶路撒冷遇襲身亡

JERUSALEM — Two Palestinians armed with a gun, knives and axes stormed a synagogue complex in an ultra-Orthodox Jewish neighborhood of West Jerusalem on Tuesday morning and killed four men in the middle of their morning prayers, the Israeli police said.

耶路撒冷——以色列警方稱，週二早晨，兩名巴勒斯坦人持一把槍、幾把刀和斧頭，突襲了西耶路撒冷一個極端正統派猶太社區的猶太會堂，共殺害四名男子，當時遇害者正在進行晨禱。

The assailants were killed at the scene in a gun battle with the police that wounded two officers, one of whom died of his injuries on Tuesday night. It was the deadliest attack on Israeli civilians in more than three years, and the worst in Jerusalem since 2008.

兩名襲擊者在與警方槍戰時當場死亡，還有兩名警察在槍戰中受傷，其中一人因爲傷勢過重，於週二夜間不治身亡。這是三年多以來，針對以色列平民實施的最殘暴的襲擊，也是自2008年以來，耶路撒冷最嚴重的襲擊事件。

Witnesses and Israeli leaders were particularly horrified at the religious overtones of an attack on a synagogue that killed men in ritual garments and spilled blood on prayer books.

由於襲擊發生在猶太會堂，死者還穿着宗教服飾，祈禱書也濺上了血跡，其中的宗教意味讓目擊者和以色列領導人尤爲震驚。週二發生的此次襲擊造成五人死亡。

"To see Jews wearing tefillin and wrapped in the tallit lying in pools of blood, I wondered if I was imagining scenes from the Holocaust," said Yehuda Meshi Zahav, the veteran leader of a religious emergency-response team, describing the straps and prayer shawls worn by the worshipers. "It was a massacre of Jews at prayer."

“看到戴着經文護符匣(tefillin)、裹着披巾(tallit)的猶太人躺在血泊之中，我懷疑自己腦海裏出現了大屠殺(Holocaust)時的場景，”一個響應緊急事件的宗教團體的資深領導人耶胡達·梅希·扎哈夫(Yehuda Meshi Zahav)說。“這場屠殺針對的是正在禱告的猶太人。”禱告者會在身上佩戴經文護符匣，披上披巾。

The 7 a.m. attack on a synagogue complex that is the heart of community life in the Har Nof neighborhood shattered Israelis' sense of security and further strained relations with Palestinians at a time of heightened tension and violence. Six people, including a baby, a soldier and a border police officer, have been killed in a spate of vehicular and knife attacks fueled in large part by a dispute over a holy site in the Old City known to Muslims as the Noble Sanctuary and to Jews as the Temple Mount.

早晨7點，此次襲擊發生在一個猶太會堂，這裏是哈爾諾夫(Har Nof)社區生活的核心。由於此時緊張氛圍正在升級，暴力衝突加劇，此次襲擊粉碎了以色列人的安全感，並導致巴以關係愈發緊張。共有六人在一系列使用車輛和刀具實施的襲擊中喪生，其中包括一名嬰兒、一名士兵和一個邊境警察，這些襲擊的起因，很大程度上在於涉及耶路撒冷老城(Old City)的一處聖地的爭議。穆斯林將其稱作神聖禁地(Noble Sanctuary)，猶太人將其稱作聖殿山(Temple Mount)。

Three of the four men killed in the synagogue Tuesday were rabbis, and all were immigrants to Israel with dual citizenship. One was born in England, and three in the United States, including Moshe Twersky, 59, part of a celebrated Hasidic dynasty. The slain policeman, Zidan Saif, 30, a traffic officer, was from a Druse village in northern Israel. He died in a hospital.

週二在這座猶太會堂遇害的四人，都是具有雙重國籍的以色列移民，一人出生在英格蘭，另外三人生於美國。遇害者中有三人是拉比，其中包括59歲的莫謝·特韋爾斯基(Moshe Twersky)，他出自一個顯赫的哈希德王朝(Hasidic dynasty)。遇害的警察叫做齊丹·賽義夫(Zidan Saif)，30歲，是一名交警。他來自以色列北部的一個德魯茲派村莊，最後在醫院去世。

Relatives identified the attackers as two cousins, Odai Abed Abu Jamal, 22, and Ghassan Muhammad Abu Jamal, 32. They were said to be motivated by what they saw as threats to the revered pLateau that contains Al Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock.

經親屬確認，襲擊者是表兄弟，他們是22歲的奧達伊·阿比德·阿布·賈邁勒(Odai Abed Abu Jamal)和32歲的加桑·穆罕默德·阿布·賈邁勒(Ghassan Muhammad Abu Jamal)。據稱，他們之所以這麼做，是因爲他們認爲阿克薩清真寺(Al Aqsa Mosque)和圓頂清真寺(Dome of the Rock)所在的神聖高地受到了威脅。

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel has repeatedly said he will not alter the status quo at the site, where non-Muslims are allowed to visit but not openly pray. Even so, President Mahmoud Abbas of the Palestinian Authority has called on Palestinians to protect the area and has warned of a "holy war" if it is "contaminated" by Jews.

以色列總理本雅明·內塔尼亞胡(Benjamin Netanyahu)曾反覆表示，他不會改變此地的現狀，即非穆斯林可以前來此地，但是不能進行公開禱告。即便如此，巴勒斯坦民族權力機構(Palestinian Authority)主席馬哈茂德·阿巴斯(Mahmoud Abbas)還是呼籲巴勒斯坦人爲該區域提供保護，並警告稱如果此地被猶太人“玷污”，可能會發生“聖戰”。

"They carried out this operation because of the fire in their hearts — they were under pressures, pressures, pressures, and in one ripe moment, the explosion took place," said a relative of the attackers who gave his name as Abu Salah, holding photographs of the men. "I say in full mouth, it is a religious war which Netanyahu has started," he added. “It will end the way we like.”

“他們之所以這麼做，是因爲心中的怒火——他們受到了壓力、壓力、壓力，所以在時機成熟的時刻，就爆發了，”襲擊者的一名親屬拿着兩人的照片稱。這名親屬自稱叫做阿布·薩拉赫(Abu Salah)。“我可以肯定地說，這是內塔尼亞胡掀起的一場宗教戰爭，”他還說。“將以我們喜歡的方式結束。”

Mr. Netanyahu called Tuesday's attack "the direct result of the incitement" led by Mr. Abbas and Hamas, the militant Palestinian faction, and vowed to "respond with a heavy hand to the brutal murder of Jews who came to pray, and were eliminated by despicable murderers."

內塔尼亞胡稱，週二的襲擊是以阿巴斯和巴勒斯坦武裝組織哈馬斯(Hamas)帶頭“煽動的直接後果”，並聲言要“重拳回擊這些針對猶太人的殘忍謀殺——這些猶太人前來禱告，卻被卑鄙的歹徒殺害。”

The prime minister ordered the demolition of the homes of the perpetrators of the recent assaults. According to a statement from his office, he also "directed that enforcement against those who incite toward terrorist attacks be significantly increased." The statement referred to "the series of additional decisions that have been made to strengthen security throughout the country," but it offered no specifics.

內塔尼亞胡下令拆除近期襲擊案元兇的住房。根據他的辦公室發佈的聲明，他還“命令大幅加強針對恐怖襲擊煽動者的執法力度”。聲明提到“政府還做出了一系列其他決定，以加強全國的安全防衛”，但並未公佈相關細節。

President Obama issued a statement condemning the killings in the synagogue, saying "there is and can be no justification for such attacks against innocent civilians."

奧巴馬總統發表聲明，對猶太會堂遇襲事件表示了譴責，稱“這種針對無辜平民的襲擊沒有，也不應該有任何藉口”。

“Too many Israelis have died; too many Palestinians have died,” Mr. Obama said later at the White House. "At this difficult time, I think it's important for both Palestinians and Israelis to try to work together to lower tensions and reject violence." He added: "We have to remind ourselves that the majority of Palestinians and Israelis overwhelmingly want peace."

“有太多的以色列人喪生，也有太多的巴勒斯坦人喪生，”奧巴馬隨後在白宮說。“我認爲，在這個艱難時刻，巴勒斯坦和以色列應該嘗試共同努力，緩和緊張程度，摒棄暴力。”他還說：“我們必須提醒自己，大多數巴勒斯坦人和以色列人都十分渴望和平。”

The United Nations special envoy for the Middle East, Robert H. Serry, also condemned the attacks. And Secretary of State John Kerry called on Palestinian leaders to do the same. "They must begin to take serious steps to restrain any kind of incitement that comes from their language, from other people's language, and exhibit the kind of leadership that is necessary to put this region on a different path," Mr. Kerry said in London after speaking to Mr. Netanyahu by telephone.

聯合國中東問題特使羅伯特·H·塞裏(Robert H. Serry)也對襲擊事件表示了譴責。美國國務卿約翰·克里(John Kerry)呼籲巴勒斯坦領導人也同樣做出譴責。克里與內塔尼亞胡通過電話之後，在倫敦表示，“他們必須開始採取切實舉措，剋制自己及其他人發表的煽動性言論，展示出帶領該地區走上新道路所需要的那種領導風範。”

Mr. Abbas responded to Mr. Kerry's demand, offering his first denouncement of any Palestinian attack during the recent escalation.

阿巴斯對克里的呼籲做出了迴應，首次對最近升級的局勢中，巴勒斯坦一方採取的襲擊行動做出譴責。

"We condemn the killing of civilians from any side," he said in a statement published by Wafa, the official Palestinian news agency. "We condemn the killings of worshipers at the synagogue in Jerusalem, and condemn acts of violence no matter their source."

“我們譴責任何一方殺害平民的行爲，”他通過巴勒斯坦官方通訊社Wafa發表聲明稱。“我們譴責發生在耶路撒冷猶太會堂的針對禱告者的襲擊，譴責任何人採取的暴力行爲。”

But in the Gaza Strip and parts of the West Bank, there were celebrations after the attack, and other Palestinian leaders praised it as a response to what they see as a threat to the holy site, and to the recent hanging death of a Palestinian bus driver in Jerusalem. Relatives and friends of the driver, Yousef al-Ramouni, insisted that he was lynched by Jews, but the Israeli police said an autopsy on Monday found that his death was a suicide.

但在襲擊事件發生後，加沙地帶及約旦河西岸部分地區開展了慶祝活動，其他巴勒斯坦領導人則稱讚，這期襲擊是在迴應聖地面臨的威脅，以及最近發生的巴勒斯坦公交車司機被吊死的事件。司機優素福·拉穆尼(Yousef al-Ramouni)的親人和朋友堅稱，他是被猶太人死刑處死的，但以色列警方在週一稱，屍檢結果顯示他是自殺身亡。

In Gaza City, people fired celebratory gunshots in the air on Tuesday, and praise for God and the attackers poured from mosque loudspeakers soon after the synagogue attack. Later, some people distributed sweets and paraded through the streets singing victory songs. Palestinian television ran photographs of similar outbursts of joy in Bethlehem, in the West Bank.

週二，襲擊事件發生後不久，人們在加沙城鳴槍慶祝，清真寺的揚聲器傳出的都是對真主及襲擊者的讚頌。稍後，一些人高唱勝利歌曲，上街遊行，並分發糖果。巴勒斯坦電視臺展示的圖片顯示，約旦河西岸的伯利恆也有類似的愉悅氣氛。

A militant group, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, claimed responsibility for the attack. But Micky Rosenfeld, a spokesman for the Israeli police, said the authorities were still investigating whether the assailants were affiliated with any group.

武裝組織巴勒斯坦人民解放陣線(Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine)聲稱爲襲擊事件負責。但以色列警方發言人米基·羅森菲爾德(Micky Rosenfeld)表示，官方仍在調查襲擊者是否與任何組織有關聯。

The attackers were Palestinian residents of East Jerusalem, who carry Israeli identification cards, can travel freely throughout Israel, and often work in Jewish neighborhoods.

襲擊者是東耶路撒冷的巴勒斯坦人，他們持有以色列身份證，能夠在以色列自由行動，他們經常在猶太社區工作。

"We're also looking to see why they targeted this synagogue, were they familiar with this neighborhood," Mr. Rosenfeld told reporters in a conference call.

羅森菲爾德在電話會議上告訴記者，“我們也在調查他們爲什麼以這座會堂爲目標，以及他們是不是熟悉這個社區。”

Within two hours of the attack, scores of Israeli security forces had stormed Jabel Mukaber, the Palestinian neighborhood of East Jerusalem where those believed to have been the assailants lived, spraying tear gas at their family home and into hills of olive trees. Relatives said that the police arrested the younger assailant's parents, three sisters and a brother, and the wife, mother and five brothers of the older attacker, who had three children, ages 6, 5 and 3.

襲擊發生後的兩個小時內，數十名以色列安全人員突襲了東耶路撒冷的巴勒斯坦社區賈巴爾·穆卡伯(Jabel Mukaber)。據稱兩名襲擊者居住在該社區。安全人員對他們的房屋，以及種滿橄欖樹的小山噴灑催淚瓦斯。親屬們表示，警方逮捕了年齡較小的襲擊者的父母、三個姐妹和一個兄弟，以及較年長襲擊者的妻子、母親和五名兄弟，這名襲擊者有三個孩子，年齡分別有6歲、5歲和3歲。

"I salute Odai and Ghassan for this heroic operation," said a cousin, Huda Abu Jamal, 46. "Every Palestinian should strike. Our conditions are too bad. These men have no jobs. Al Aqsa is in danger. The settlers brutally hanged Yousef."

“我爲這場英勇行動向奧達伊和加桑致敬，”46歲的表兄胡達·阿布·賈邁勒(Huda Abu Jamal)說。“每一名巴勒斯坦人都應該去襲擊。我們的情況太糟了。這些人沒有工作。阿克薩清真寺處於危險之中。猶太定居者殘忍地吊死了優素福。”

Rabbi Twersky was a son of Isadore Twersky, a Harvard scholar and renowned Boston rabbi who died in 1997, and a grandson of Joseph Dov Soloveitchik, an Orthodox philosopher and teacher who died in 1993. According to the police, local news reports and the State Department, the other two Americans who were killed were Kalman Levine, 55, a rabbi originally from Kansas City, Mo., and Aryeh Kupinsky, 43. The Israeli Foreign Ministry initially said that Mr. Kupinsky, too, was a rabbi, but people who knew him said he was not. The fourth man who was killed was Rabbi Avraham Shmuel Goldberg, 68, a British-born father of six.

拉比特韋爾斯基的父親是哈佛大學學者、波士頓著名拉比伊薩多·特韋爾斯基(Isadore Twersky)，外祖父是正統派哲學家、教師約瑟夫·多夫·索洛韋伊奇克(Joseph Dov Soloveitchik)。前者逝於1997年，後者逝於1993年。根據警方、當地新聞媒體和美國國務院披露的信息，另外兩名被殺害的美國人是55歲的卡爾曼·萊文(Kalman Levine)和43歲的阿里耶·庫平斯基(Aryeh Kupinsky)，前者是來自密蘇里州堪薩斯城的拉比。以色列外交部起初表示，庫平斯基也是一名拉比，但認識他的人說他不是。第四個受害者是68歲的亞伯拉罕·什穆埃爾·戈德堡(Avraham Shmuel Goldberg)，這名在英國出生的拉比有六個孩子。

At least a dozen other worshipers were injured, several of them seriously.

另外至少還有十幾名禱告者受傷，其中幾人傷勢嚴重。

The synagogue complex, Kehilat Bnei Torah, houses several prayer groups and a large community hall on a quiet street. Several residents of the Har Nof neighborhood said the building was a center of life for Jews of Eastern European descent, and the hall was popular for weddings, film screenings and speeches.

坐落在寧靜街道的Kehilat Bnei Torah猶太會堂裏有幾個禱告小組，還有一個社區聚會的大廳。哈爾諾夫社區的幾位居民表示，這棟建築是來自東歐的猶太人的生活中心，大廳常用來舉辦婚禮，放映電影和發表演講。

Yossef Pasternak, who was praying at the synagogue, told Israel Radio he had heard gunshots at the height of the morning service.

在該教堂禱告的約瑟夫·帕斯特納克(Yossef Pasternak)對以色列電臺(Israel Radio)表示，他在晨禱期間聽到了槍聲。

"I turn around and I see a man with a pistol, who starts shooting point blank at people next to him," Mr. Pasternak said. "Immediately after, someone enters with a knife, a butcher-type knife, and also goes on a rampage in all directions." Mr. Pasternak said he hid under a chair.

“我轉過身，看到一名持槍男子，他開始近距離射殺身旁的人，”帕斯特納克說。“緊接着，有人拿着刀走了進來，彷彿是屠刀，也開始朝各個方向亂砍。”帕斯特納克說自己躲在了一把椅子下面。