盤點10種仍在使用的恐怖武器(上)

Today we're going to talk about weapons which have been developed over the years. These weapons are off course very effective in what they do, and this is probably why they were designed in the first place.

今天我們來聊一些很多年前就發明出來的武器，這些武器非常有殺傷力，這也是發明這些武器的原因。

Many are in the process of being banned or have active campaigns to outlaw them.

許多人正努力禁止這些武器，有的人正參加一些運動來使這些武器非法化。

Some have even become part of our everyday life and we don't even notice them anymore.

然而，有些武器卻變成了我們日常生活的一部分，甚至我們都沒有注意到。

ed Wire

10.帶刺鐵絲網

While the Pamela Anderson movie was indeed an affront to humanity, that's not what we're taking about here.

儘管帕米拉·安德森的這部電影是對人性的侮辱，但在這裏我們不討論電影。

Originally intended as a means to keep cows in their confinement, barbed wire was invented by Joseph Glidden, an American cattle rancher, in 1874.

1874年一個美國牧民約瑟·格利登發明了帶刺鐵絲網，發明鐵絲網的初衷是爲了讓牛待在劃定的地方。

Soon after, some people saw the potential such an invention can have on the battlefield and began using it in wars as a means to protect certain strategic key points.

很快，人們發現這種鐵絲網可以運用到戰場上，於是就用來保護重要戰略地點。

But nowhere was barbwire used more intensively and with more devastating effects than WWI.

一戰戰場是帶刺鐵絲網應用最廣泛、帶來破壞最大的地方。

It is estimated that by the end of the war in 1918, at least one million miles of it were laid throughout Flanders alone. That's enough to encircle the planet 40 times.

據估計，到1918年底戰爭結束時，單單在弗蘭德斯就有至少100萬米長的帶刺鐵絲網，這個長度足以繞地球40圈。

The 400 mile long trench line between the Allies and the Central Powers was so heavily intertwined with the stuff that in some places barbed wire entanglements could extend as much as 300 feet into No Man's Land.

同盟國和軸心國之間隔着長達400米的戰壕，其中帶刺鐵絲網密佈，甚至有300米的鐵絲網都延伸至無人之境。

While barbed wire was primarily intended to stop the enemy troops from getting within grenade throwing distance from the trench, it was also used to funnel the enemy into pre-arranged machine-gun sites.

使用鐵絲網的初衷是爲了防止自己進入敵人手榴彈殺傷距離之內，但後來也用來引誘敵人進入機槍掃射範圍。

The exact number of people killed by barbwire is unknown, but a lot of reports came back from the front line talking about soldiers getting stuck in those entanglements and dying hours or even days later from their wounds or by the mercy of an enemy soldier.

我們不知道鐵絲網到底殺死了多少人，但前線不斷有報告說戰士們被鐵絲網困住，數小時內甚至數天後死亡，不是由於鐵絲網造成的傷口而死，就是被敵軍殺死。

Since then barbed wire has become a symbol for oppression and is used by every military around the world.

從那之後，鐵絲網成爲壓迫的象徵，並且全世界的軍隊都開始使用。

Not only that, but its uses extend well into civilian life and it's safe to say that there is almost no person alive today who hasn't seen barbwire at least once.

不止如此，鐵絲網的使用還擴展到平民生活中，可以說世界上沒有一個人不曾看到過帶刺鐵絲網。

ow Point Bullets

9.中空彈

The hollow point bullet is among the most controversial items on this list. The difference between it and a regular bullet is that this one, as its name suggests, has a pit or hollowed out shape in its tip, compared to a regular one which is rounded out.

中空彈是最具爭議的種武器，從它的名字就可以看出它與普通子彈之間的區別，普通子彈頭是圓的，而中空彈的彈頭是空心的。

This makes a tremendous difference when the bullet hits its target. Instead of "punching through", make a hole and probably get out the other side, the hollow point ammunition and its more advanced variant, the Radically Invasive Projectile (RIP), splits off into nine different directions at the moment of impact.

這就使得兩種子彈擊中目標時產生的效果有巨大的不同，普通子彈會直接穿過目標，留下彈孔，有可能從另外一側飛出去，而中空彈除了會有以上效果外，還有一個變體，叫做徹底侵入性子彈，在射中目標的瞬間往九個方向分解。

This will leave the victim with massive internal damage and bleeding, as shards of the bullet spread out throughout his entire body.

子彈碎片分散於目標身體的各個部分，造成大量失血，給目標造成巨大的內部傷害。

Being hit by a bullet such as this can spell almost certain death, as it is extremely difficult for surgeons to stop the bleeding and remove all the pieces in time.

如果不幸被這種子彈擊中，幾乎只有一種結果：死亡。因爲醫生很難及時止血並取出子彈碎片。

This type of ammunition is so deadly and downright evil that all major countries agreed to ban it in warfare as early as 1899 at the Hague Convention. All countries with the exception of the United States.

這種子彈十分致命並且很危險，早在1899年的海牙公約中，所有的主要國家都同意禁止此類武器，除了美國。

Even though it's not standard issue to have hollow point bullets in the US Army, this type of ammo is used by the police in several states around the country and is heavily marketed to the general public in those states as "the safest ammunition for self-defense".

儘管中空彈不是美國軍隊的標配，但美國很多州的警察都用這種彈藥，並且允許持槍自衛的地方都大量販賣中空彈。

What's even worse is that, not only doesn't the hollow point get any closer to being banned from the street; it's also being considered by the US Army to be standard ammo in sidearms by 2018.

更糟糕的是，美國非但沒有禁止普通民衆使用中空彈，反而還在考慮在到2018年時將其作爲部隊的隨身武器。

Ammunition

8.熱導彈

High-Explosive Anti-Tank Ammo or simply HEAT is a type of ammunition that has been in use since World War II.

高爆反坦克導彈或者乾脆說熱導彈是從第二次世界大戰時開始使用的一種導彈。

Discovered by accident when testing the effects of explosives on concrete walls and steel plating, HEAT shells don't use kinetic energy to penetrate armor, but rather their inside shape.

在一次測試爆炸物對混凝土牆和鋼板的影響時偶然發現，熱導彈無須利用動能的力量穿透裝甲，而是依靠其內部變化實現。

By placing a hollow diamond shaped copper cone in front of an explosive charge, on impact the whole energy generated is funneled in just one small point, instead of dissipating in all directions.

通過在爆炸點前放置一個空心鑽石狀的銅錐管，所有起作用的能量都被彙集於一個小點，而不是四散到各個方向。

This way a smaller charge can be used and the hot stream of particles, travelling at a speed 25 times greater than the speed of sound, can melt right through a tank's armor plating, spraying the crew inside with molten metal.

通過這種方法可以使用較少的電荷，熱流粒子以25倍聲速的速度傳播，可以瞬間融化掉一輛坦克的鋼板裝甲，並且將融掉的金屬噴向坦克內成員。

Not relying on the projectile's velocity to do its job, HEAT ammo is mostly used by infantry. Bazookas, RPGs, Panzerfausts and all other rocket or grenade launchers, use this kind of ammo.

要完成這項任務無需依靠炮彈的速度，因而熱導彈主要用於步兵。火箭筒，火箭彈，裝甲車和其他的火箭炮或手榴彈發射器，都使用這種炮彈。

Today tanks have added protection against these rounds, but they are still very effective against light-armored personnel transporters.

現在的坦克爲了對抗這種攻擊已經增加了保護措施，但用來對付輕裝甲的士兵運輸車仍然是非常有效的。