中英雙語話中國歷史名人 第27期:岳飛

Yue Fei(1103~1141) was one of China's greatest generals and national heroes.

岳飛(1103~1141)，中國最偉大的將軍和民族英雄之一。

In 1126, North China was overrun by the nomadic Juchen and the Song capital at Kai-feng taken.

公元1126年中國北部被女真人侵人，宋都開封淪陷。

The former emperor Hui-tsung, who had abdicated in 1125/26, together with his son, the emperor Ch'in-tsung (reigned 1125/26~27), was carried into captivity.

1125/1126年退位的宋徽宗和宋欽宗( 1125年/1126年至1127年在位)被囚禁。

Another son of Hui-tsung, later known as Kao-tsung (reigned 1127~62/63), reestablished the Dynasty in the south, hence its designation as the Nan, or Southern, Song(1127~1279).

徽宗的另一個兒子在南方重建宋廷(所以叫南宋)，稱高宗(1127年至1279年在位)。

Retreating southward with Kao-tsung, Yue Fei assumed command of the Sung forces. He prevented the advance of the Juchen by taking advantage of their difficulty in using their cavalry in hilly South China.

在跟隨高宗南撤的過程中，岳飛執掌着宋軍的指揮權，利用女真人不善在南方多山地區作戰這一特點，阻止其繼續南攻。

Assuming the offensive, he was able to recover and secure some of the occupied territory in central China south of the Yangtze and Huai rivers.

通過進攻，嶽匕收復了中原長江、淮河以南部分失地。

His attempt to push north and recover all the lost Chinese territory was opposed, however, by a peace party within the capital headed by the minister Chin Kuei, who believed that further prosecution of the war would be too costly.

但是，岳飛繼續北進收又中國所有失地的努力受到京城以承相秦檜爲首的求和派的反對。秦檜認爲繼續作戰耗費太大。

Chin Kuei's faction proved more influential, and in 1141, Yue Fei was imprisoned and executed, and a peace treaty was signed that relinquished the northern territory.

秦檜一派影響太大，1141年岳飛被監禁，之後被處死。南宋與女真簽訂和約，放棄了中國北部領土。

Yue Fei became revered as a great national hero, and Ch'in Kuei came to be viewed as a traitor.

岳飛被尊爲偉大的民族英雄，秦檜被視爲賣國賊。

In the 20th century, Yue has been extolled as a champion of national resistance in the face of foreign domination.

20世紀，岳飛被贊爲最佳民族抗敵英雄。