中英雙語話中國歷史名人 第70期:老舍

Lao She(1899~1966) was the pen name of Shu Qingchun, also known as Sheyu, who was born into a poor family of Manchu nationality in Beijing.

老舍(1899 ~1966 )，原名舒慶春，字舍予，滿族人。

He was familiar with the life of the underprivileged townsfolk. His experience exerted a deep and lasting influence on his choice of literary themes. He perceived the townspeople society of Beijing from the point of view of the city paupers, thus endowing his works with affinity to the people and humanitarian feelings.

他出生在北京城一個貧民家庭，熟悉下層市民的生活，能從城市貧民的視角來透視市民社會，因而作品具有人民性和人道主義情懷。

With modern rationality, Lao She always consciously dedicated himself to the criticism of traditional cultural dross and the reform of the inherent weakness of the nation.

老舍始終以現代理性自覺致力於對傳統文化糟粕的批判和對國民劣根性的改造。

The Philosophy of Old Zhang,Thus Spoke Master Zhao and Mr. Ma and Son made anatomy of the ingrained bad habits and pointed out the weakness in the national character and abuses of traditional culture.

《老張的析學》、《趙子曰》 ,《二馬》等剖析國民的劣根性，揭示民族性格掃的弱點和傳統文化的弊病。

A Tale of the Cat Country probed into the remolding of ancient national character and the resuscitation of national spirit.

《貓城記》探討了古老民族性格的再塑和民族精神的復甦;

Divorce exposed the increasing corruption and decadence of national character under the negative influence of traditional culture.

《離婚》剖析了國民性格在傳統文化負面影響下的日益蛻變衰微;

Camel Xiangzi showed how the deformed urban civilization corroded people's healthy spirit and criticized the benighted and fogyish rural culture.

《駱駝祥子》批判城市畸形文明病對健康人性的侵蝕，也批判了愚昧守舊的農村文化;

The saga novel Four Generations under One Roof depicted the perplexed and alarmed Chinese during the war to reflect on and denounce the traditional feudal culture.

長篇小說《四世同堂》描寫了戰爭中中華兒女的惶惑與抗爭，對整個封建傳統文化進行了反省和批判。

With his encyclopedia--like comprehension of townspeople society, Lao She unfolded a panorama of the ancient capital for modern Chinese literature.

憑着對市民社會百科全書般的生活知識，老舍爲中國現代文學描繪了一幅包羅萬象的北平市民社會全景圖。

All sorts of people, human relations and customs were thoroughly revealed. His works overflowed with special Beijing flavor.

三教九流，世態風俗，展露無遺，使作品充溢着濃郁的北京味兒。

Lao She was fond of humor, and was skillful in appreciating comic overtones in the mediocre and unambitious conflicts of human natures, making humor tender criticism, restrained while satirical, teasing without embarrassing. With concise and simple Beijing dialect, Lao She narrated the scenes full of local color and portrayed all his characters with distinct individual personalities.

老舍的小說追求幽默，善於在庸常的人性矛盾中領略喜劇意味，使幽默成爲含有溫情的批判，婉而多諷，謔而不虐。

His language was plain without being vulgar, exquisite without being ornate, permeated with the mien and flavor of Beijing culture.

他的語言創造性地運用了北京市民俗白淺易的口語，平易卻不粗俗，精緻而不雕琢，處處滲透着北京文化的神態氣韻。

Lao She's development and creation of the language of modern vernacular literature earned him the reputation of “master of language".

老舍對現代白話文學語言的發展創造使他獲得了“語言大師”的美譽。

Lao She supplied the headstream of "Beijing flavor novels" which were written in Beijing vernacular about Beijing people and their ways and customs.

老舍是“京味小說”的源頭。

Lao She's works, together with the long literary pieces created by Mao Dun and Ba Jin, compose the three pinnacles in the art of modern full-length novel.

他的作品與茅盾、巴金的長篇創作一起，構成現代長篇小說藝術的三大高峯。