借酒消愁無用 酒精會讓你更清楚的記得

Drinking to forget your problems?
Scientists have found that drinking will actually help you to remember them.
飲酒來忘記你的難題？
科學家們發現飲酒實際上會幫助你記住這些難題。

A new study from the Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research at The University of Texas at Austin says that getting drunk primes certain areas of our brain to learn and remember things more clearly.
德克薩斯大學Waggoner中心酒精成癮研究所的一項新研究稱，喝醉刺激我們大腦的某些區域，使其更加清楚地學習和記住東西。

The common view that drinking makes you forget about things and impairs your learning is not wrong, but it highlights only one side of what alcohol does to the brain.
一般的觀點認爲喝酒使你忘記東西並損害你的學習，這並不全錯，但是它只強調酒精對大腦的一方面影響。

Neurobiologist Hitoshi Morikawa told Science Daily: 'Usually, when we talk about learning and memory, we're talking about conscious memory.
神經生物學家Hitoshi Morikawa告訴科學日報：“通常我們談到的學習和記憶，都是指有意識記憶。”

'Alcohol diminishes our ability to hold on to pieces of information like your colleague's name, or the definition of a word, or where you parked your car this morning.
“酒精降低我們控制信息的能力，如同事的名字或一個詞語的定義，或者早上你把車停在哪裏。”來源:恆星英語學習網

'But our subconscious is learning and remembering too, and alcohol may actually increase our capacity to learn, or "conditionability", at that level.'
“但是我們的潛意識也在學習和記憶，事實上，在那個階段，酒精可以提高我們的學習能力，或‘conditionability’。”

Mr Morikawa's study, results of which were published last month in The Journal of Neuroscience, found that repeated exposure to ethanol enhances synaptic plasticity in a key area in the brain.
Mr. Morikawa的研究結果發表在《神經科學雜誌》上，稱反覆接觸酒精會提高大腦一個主要區域的突觸可塑性。

When people drink alcohol or take drugs, the subconscious is not only learning to consume more but becoming more receptive to forming subconscious memories and habits with respect to food, music, even people and social situations.
當人們喝酒或吸毒的時候，潛意識中不只在學習吸收更多，而且變得更容易接受形成關於食物、音樂，甚至人和社會情境的潛意識記憶和習慣。

Mr Morikawa says that alcoholics aren't addicted to the experience of pleasure or relief they get from drinking alcohol but to the environmental, behavioural and physiological cues that are reinforced when alcohol triggers the release of dopamine in the brain.
Mr Morikawa說酗酒者不沉迷於喝酒後得到的快感或安慰，而是沉迷於飲酒的環境、行爲和心理因素觸發大腦釋放的多巴胺。

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)He said: 'People commonly think of dopamine as a happy transmitter, or a pleasure transmitter, but more accurately it's a learning transmitter.
他說：“人們普遍認爲多巴胺是幸福的傳遞者，或快樂的傳遞者，但更準確來說，它是學習的傳遞者。”

'It strengthens those synapses that are active when dopamine is released.'
“當多巴胺釋放的時候，它就鞏固活躍的突觸。”

Among the things learned when drinking alcohol is that it is rewarding.
從飲酒中學到的是這是值得的。

Going to the bar, chatting with friends, eating certain foods, listening to certain kinds of music and other pleasant things people do while drinking alcohol are rewarding.
去到酒吧，一邊喝酒一邊跟朋友聊天，吃東西，聽些音樂和做其他一些愉快的事，都是值得的。

The more often we do these things while drinking, and the more dopamine that gets released, the more 'potentiated' the various synapses become and the more people crave the set of experiences and associations that orbit around the alcohol use.
飲酒時做越多的事，就會釋放出越多的多巴胺，各種各樣的突觸就會變得更“強”，更多的人渴望有關喝酒的經驗和聯想。

Morikawa's long-term hope is that by understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of addiction better, he can develop anti-addiction drugs that would weaken, rather than strengthen, the key synapses.
Morikawa的長期希望是通過更好地瞭解上癮的神經生物學基礎，他能發明抗癮藥來削弱而不是加強關鍵的突觸。

He said: 'We're talking about de-wiring things. It's kind of scary because it has the potential to be a mind controlling substance. Our goal, though, is to reverse the mind controlling aspects of addictive drugs.'
他說：“我們正在討論切斷通信的事情。它是可怕的行爲因爲它有可能成爲一種控制精神的藥。然而，我們的目標是改變精神控制方面的藥物上癮。”

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)