2019年8月1日雅思閱讀機經預測
雅思閱讀考試前大家怎麼複習呢，相信這讓很多考生都感覺比較困惑。今天小編爲大家帶來了2019年8月1日雅思閱讀機經預測，大家可以參考一下。重點是複習機經中的背景知識以及相關詞彙、題型解題思路和方法。
2019年8月1日雅思閱讀機經預測1
文章題目Living with uncertainty
重複年份20160109A 20140515
題材自然環境
題型判斷 7+簡答 6
文章大意澳洲的氣候變化無常，所以那裏的生物需要很強的應變能力。有一種 P 鳥可 以知道什麼地方什麼時候下雨，可以提前飛去找水喝。當地人爲了狩獵把森 林燒掉，另一種要吃 salt bush 的鳥就因此滅絕了。歐洲人來了之後大量種 植 wheat，Emu 喜歡吃，所以繁殖很快。
部分答案參考：
判斷：
第一種鳥避開下雨的地方。N
簡答：
iginal 做了什麼來方便他們打獵 lit fire
2. G 鳥滅絕的原因：salt bush
3. Emu 吃 wheat
2019年8月1日雅思閱讀機經預測2
文章題目Trade
重複年份20160109B 20120728
題材發展史
題型暫無
文章大意貿易的發展史，講了貿易的人的天性以及各地的貿易發展水平和狀況。
Basically trade means exchange of goods, services, or both. Trade is also called commerce. The actual face of trade was barter, which was the direct exchange of goods and services. Today traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, like money, which then makes buying separate from selling, or earning. The invention of money has made trade simpler. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade between more than two traders is called multilateral trade.
Trade exists for many reasons. It can be due to specialization and division of labor. Trade exists between regions because different regions have a comparative advantage in the production of some tradable commodity, or because different regions' size helps getting benefits of mass production.
history of Trade:
Trade originated in prehistoric times. It was the main facility of prehistoric people, who bartered goods and services from each other when modern money was never even thought of. Peter Watson dates the history of long-distance commerce from circa 150,000 years ago.
Trade is believed to have taken place throughout much of recorded human history. Materials used for the creation of jewelry were traded with Egypt since 3000 BC. Long-distance trade routes first appeared in the 3rd millennium BC, by the Sumerians in Mesopotamia when they traded with the Harappan civilization of the Indus Valley. Trading is greatly important to the global economy. From the very beginning of Greek civilization to the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century, a financially worthwhile trade brought valuable spice to Europe from the Far East, including China.
The fall of the Roman Empire, and the succeeding Dark Ages brought insecurity to Western Europe and a near end of the trade network. However some trade did occur, the Radhanites were a medieval group of Jewish merchants who traded between the Christians in Europe and the Muslims of the Near East.
The Sogdians ruled the East-West trade route known as the Silk Road from the end 4th century AD to the 8th century AD.
The Vikings and Varangians also traded from the 8th to the 11th century as they sailed from and to Scandinavia. Vikings sailed to Western Europe, while Varangians to Russia.
Vasco da Gama restarted the European Spice trade in 1498. Earlier to his sailing around Africa, the flow of spice into Europe was controlled by Islamic powers, especially Egypt. The spice trade was of major economic importance and helped encourage the Age of Exploration. Spices brought to Europe from distant lands were some of the most valuable commodities for their weight, sometimes rivaling gold.
In the 16th century, Holland was the centre of free trade, imposing no exchange controls, and advocating the free movement of goods.
In 1776, Adam Smith published the paper "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations". This paper criticized Mercantilism, and argued that economic specialization could benefit nations just as much as firms. Since that time the division of labor was restricted by the size of the market, he said that countries having access to larger markets would be able to divide labor more efficiently and thereby become more productive.
The Great Depression was a major economic collapse that ran from 1929 to the late 1930s. There was a great setback in trade and other economic indicators during this period.
The lack of free trade was considered by many as a root cause of the depression. Only during the World War II the recession ended in United States.
2019年8月1日雅思閱讀機經預測3
文章題目The history of Russian Ballet
重複年份20160114 20150418 20121124
題材發展史
題型判斷 6+填空 7
文章大意芭蕾舞發源於意大利，從 17 世紀後傳入俄國後一直欣欣向榮。出了很多優 秀的藝術家和作品，外國舞派也對俄國芭蕾舞發展有着影響。後期以戲劇味 發展主流，一直講到本世紀 70 年代的發展。
參考閱讀：
Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.
Empress Anna, (1730 – 1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.
France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).
In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.
One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.
雅思閱讀信號詞怎麼找
一、順接和遞進
例詞：also, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition…
考點：And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom… (C6, P28, Q31找標題)
解析：And在這句話開頭，有一定的遞進含義，this wisdom則是指代了前面一句話出現的their wealth of traditional knowledge(因紐特人傳統的知識)，所以這兩句話有緊密的聯繫，同學們在讀題的時候要通過發現信號詞，然後發散地看它的前後句，最後把考點考察的 意思補充完整。
二、對比和轉折
例詞：however, but, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, by comparison, while
考點：But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past. (C7 P24 Q20)
五、強調作用
例詞：in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize…
考點：This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates… (C5, P21, Q18 信息包含題)
解析：信息包含題考察細節是在哪個段落出現，在做此類題目時，要注意信號詞與考點的密切相關性，從而迅速找準答案。這裏出現了in essence(實質上)，起了一定的強調作用，迅速掃讀後，發現同時出現了題目關鍵詞sociobiology, 破折號後面的介詞to表目的，與題目中的the general aim of一致對應。
六、最高級、比較級
例詞：–est, most, best, more, better, superior, inferior, preferable, exclusively, extremely...
考點：Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. (C5, P44, Q24)
解析：題目中出現了最高級the most difficult tasks, 因此在原文中也應該相應的出現最高級。除了明顯的the most, -est, 還有些單詞本身也含有最高級的含義，比如extremely, exclusively, superficially, 文中的這個extremely demanding對應的就是題目中的最高級，所以答案也確定。
七、因果關係
例詞：as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently, therefore, thus, the caused of…
考點:Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem.(C6, P94, Q33)
解題：題目問的是學校否認問題反應了什麼，就是這個現象的根本原因。因此原文中consequence就給解題提供了信息，根據consequence之前的一句話就可以將答案找到。
八、舉例子和說明
例詞：for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including…
考點：Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton… (C5, P39, Q5 流程圖)
解析：我們看到such as後面是舉例子，such as後面的例子可以作爲定位詞，woodflour, asbestos, cotton就是fillers的其中一種。Fillers在這裏就是一個概括性的詞語，常常是考點。
解題：此題是段落大意配對題，在確定H段段落大意時，段落中間but之後出現的那句話就是解題的關鍵，根據句子中出現的兩個比較級，可以確定答案應該爲X The need to raise standards.
考點：While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanove and his associates. (C7 P27 倒數第二段 Q39, 40)
解析：段首句用while引起注意，我們可以根據success, 和後半句中的few teachers, spectacular results, 搞定最後兩個填空題。
三、相似
例詞：similarly, in other words, that is, put another way, as …
考點: Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.(C4, P28, Q40)
解析：題目考的是對文章的總結。因此解題時重點看文章中表示結論的句子，thus這個單詞給了我們提示，而句子中的表達的是一個相似的邏輯，因此答案可以確定爲B。
四、排列次序
例詞：firstly, second, another, the second, the most, the best, next, then, now, later, since, eventually, finally…
考點：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world i an objective and impersonal way,... (C5, P49, Q30-31)
解析：題目30-31考的是並列和否定的邏輯關係，原文中的first, second, 對應的就是題目中的...這個並列關係，這兩題的答案就迎刃而解了。
考點：First mechanism, then mass use of chemical fertiliser and pesticides, then monocultures, then battery rearing of livestock, and now genetic engineering – the onward marching of intensive farming has seemed unstoppable in the last hal- century, as the yields of produce have soared. (C7, P44, Q15)
解析：段首句連用表示次序的信號詞，first, then, then… and now, 體現發展的不同階段。(the stages of development of farming industry C7 P77 選擇配對)
