歷史今天:生物圈二號(9.26)

【英文原文】

Biosphere 2 is a 3.15-acre (12,700 m2)[1] structure originally built to be a man-made, materially-closed ecological system in Oracle, Arizona (USA) by Space Biosphere Ventures, a joint venture whose principal officers were John P. Allen, inventor and Executive Director, and Margret Augustine, CEO. Constructed between 1987 and 1991, it was used to explore the complex web of interactions within life systems in a structure that included five areas based on natural biomes and an agricultural area and human living/working space to study the interactions between humans, farming and technology with the rest of nature.[2] It also explored the possible use of closed biospheres in space colonization, and allowed the study and manipulation of a biosphere without harming Earth's. The name comes from Earth’s biosphere, Biosphere 1, Earth's life system and the only biosphere currently known. Funding for the project came primarily from the joint venture’s financial partner, Ed Bass' Decisions Investment, and cost $200 million from 1985 to 2007, including land, support research greenhouses, test module and staff facilities.

【中文譯文】


生物圈二號（Biosphere 2）位於美國亞利桑那州圖森市南部的Oracle地區，是愛德華·P·巴斯及其他人員主持建造的人造封閉生態系統。佔地1.3萬平方米，大約有8層樓高，爲圓頂形密封鋼架結構玻璃建築物。“生物圈二號”建造於1987年到1989年之間，它被用於測試人類是否能在以及如何在一個封閉的生物圈中生活和工作，也探索了在未來的太空殖民中封閉生態系統可能的用途。“生物圈二號”使得人們能在不傷害地球的前提下，對生物圈進行研究與控制。“生物圈二號”的名字來源於它的原始模型“生物圈一號”，即地球。