歷史今天:1935年小澤征爾出生(9.1)

【英文原文】

Internationally acclaimed Japanese conductor, Seiji Ozawa, was born on September 1, 1935 to Japanese parents in the city of Shenyang, China, while it was under Japanese occupation. When his family returned to Japan in 1944, he began studying piano with Noboru Toyomasu, heavily studying the works of Johann Sebastian Bach. After graduating from the Seijo Junior High School in 1950, Ozawa sprained his finger in a rugby game. Unable to continue studying the piano, his teacher at the the Toho Gakuen School of Music (Hideo Saito), brought Ozawa to a life-changing performance of Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5, which ultimately shifted his musical focus from piano performance to conducting. Almost a decade after the sports injury, Ozawa won the first prize at the International Competition of Orchestra Conductors in Besancon, France. His success in France led to an invitation by Charles Munch, then the music director of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, to attend the Berkshire Music Center (now the Tanglewood Music Center). In 1960, shortly after his arrival, Ozawa won the Koussevitzky Prize for outstanding student conductor, Tanglewood’s highest honor. Receiving a scholarship to study conducting with famous Austrian conductor, Herbert von Karajan, Ozawa moved to West Berlin. Under the tutelage of von Karajan, Ozawa caught the attention of prominent conductor, Leonard Bernstein. Bernstein then appointed him as assistant conductor of the New York Philharmonic where he remained for the next four years. While with the New York Philharmonic, he made his first professional concert appearance with the San Francisco Symphony in 1962. In December 1962 Ozawa was involved in a controversy with the prestigious Japanese NHK Symphony Orchestra when certain players, unhappy with his style and personality, refused to play under him. Ozawa went on to conduct the rival Japan Philharmonic Orchestra instead. From 1964 to 1971, Seiji Ozawa served as the first music director of the Ravinia Festival, the summer home of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. He was music director of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra from 1965 to 1970, and of the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra from 1969 to 1976.

【中文譯文】

國際著名的日本指揮家小澤征爾，於1935年9月1日出生在當時被日本佔領的中國瀋陽然。當他的家人在1944年回到日本的時候，他開始跟登豐增學習鋼琴，並大量研究巴赫的作品。1950年在成城初中畢業以後，小澤在橄欖球比賽中扭傷手指，無法繼續學習鋼琴，他在桐朋學園音樂學院（齋藤秀雄）的老師，給小澤帶來令他的生活產生變化的貝多芬第五交響曲，最終使他的音樂重點從鋼琴演奏轉向指揮。在手指受傷的近10年後，小澤贏得了在法國貝桑鬆舉辦的管絃樂比賽第一名。他在法國的成功讓他收到了當時擔任波士頓交響樂團音樂總監的查爾斯蒙克的邀請，入主伯克希爾音樂中心（現爲坦格烏德音樂中心）。 1960年，他到達後不久，小澤獲得科烏謝維茨基優秀學生指揮獎，這是坦格烏德最的高榮譽。而後小澤接收獎學金赴西柏林跟隨著名奧地利指揮與指揮——卡拉揚學習。在卡拉揚的引薦下，小澤又向著名的指揮家——伯恩斯坦學習。伯恩斯坦當時讓小澤擔任紐約愛樂樂團助理指揮，而小澤在紐約愛樂度過了接下來的四年時光。在與紐約愛樂合作期間，1960年他與舊金山交響樂團舉辦了他的首次職業音樂會。1962年12月小澤受到了著名的日本NHK交響樂團的非議，NHK對他的風格和個性不滿並拒絕在他的發揮。小澤便執起了NHK的競爭對手——日本愛樂樂團的指揮棒。從1964年到1971年，小澤征爾擔任的拉維尼亞音樂節的音樂總監。1965至1970年他擔任多倫多交響樂團的音樂總監，1969年至1976年擔任舊金山交響樂團的總監。