比亞迪建議北京儘快禁止傳統汽車

China’s largest maker of battery-powered cars is lobbying for a ban on combustion engines in its home country, saying on Thursday that China’s vehicle market will be fully electric by 2030.

中國最大電動車製造商正在遊說政府在國內禁用內燃發動機，其在週四表示，到2030年中國汽車市場將全面電動化。

“For China it’s most urgent to develop new energy vehicles (NEVs) and determine a timetable to completely ban gasoline vehicles,” said Wang Chuanfu, founder and chairman of BYD.

“發展新能源汽車、停止燃油車的生產和銷售對中國來說可能更迫切。”比亞迪(BYD)創始人和董事長王傳福表示。

Mr Wang told press gathered in the company’s headquarters in Shenzhen that China’s government was committed to moving away from combustion engines to cut pollution and minimise the country’s dependence on foreign oil.

王傳福向匯聚該公司深圳總部的記者們表示，中國政府致力於淘汰內燃發動機，以減少污染，並且最小化中國對進口石油的依賴。

By 2020, buses in China would all be electrified, he said, while all heavy trucks would be electric by 2025. “By 2030, I believe China will be fully electrified, including all passenger cars,” he said, adding that government policies would shape consumer behaviour.

他表示，到2020年，中國的大巴、公交將全部電動化，而所有重型卡車將最遲在2025年電動化。“到2030年，我相信中國的私家車將全面電動化。”他表示。他還說，政府政策將會塑造消費者行爲。

“This is not only because of environmental pollution and traffic congestion issues — the most urgent reason is China’s oil safety and security. China will run out of oil soon,” Mr Wang said.

王傳福表示，這不僅是因爲環境污染和交通擁堵問題——最迫切的原因是中國的石油安全和能源安全。中國的石油資源很快就會枯竭。

Earlier this month, China’s vice-minister of industry, Xin Guobin, said China was looking at banning combustion engines, without setting a time line for the ban. Britain and France have said they will ban traditional gasoline-powered cars by 2040.

本月初，中國工信部副部長辛國斌表示，中國正在研究禁止內燃發動機汽車的生產和銷售，但沒有提出任何時間表。英國和法國已宣佈，到2040年將禁售傳統的汽油動力汽車。

However, analysts described Mr Wang’s remarks as lobbying, and not reflective of realistic policy goals.

不過，分析師們形容王傳福的言論是遊說，而不反映現實的政策目標。

“If you’re the leading seller of Chinese electric vehicles then you’re going to want this to happen as soon as possible. So of course it’s logical for Wang Chuanfu to say it’s going to happen quickly,” said Bill Russo, head of Automobility, a Shanghai-based consultancy. Mr Russo added that most of China’s auto industry was not ready for full electrification.

“如果你是中國電動汽車的領先賣家，你當然希望這個局面儘快發生。所以，王傳福說它很快就會發生當然是合乎邏輯的，”總部位於上海的高風諮詢(Automobility)董事總經理羅威(Bill Russo)表示。他補充說，中國汽車工業的大部分還沒有準備好全面電動化。

“It’s easy to set targets, it’s hard to achieve them,” he said. “I think you’re going to see a lot of lobbying on the part of Chinese companies and foreign enterprises who would prefer to keep the status quo.”

設定目標很容易，難的是實現目標，”他說，“我想你會看到大量遊說，這些遊說代表那些寧願維持現狀的中資和外資企業。”

Zhong Shi, a member of the expert committee of the China Automobile Dealers’ Association, said it was optimistic to expect Chinese vehicles to be fully electric by 2030. “As far as I can see, the earliest time to completely ban gasoline cars would be 2035,” said Mr Zhong.

中國汽車流通協會(China Automobile Dealers’ Association)專家委員會成員鍾師表示，預期中國所有汽車到2030年完全電動化有點過於樂觀。“在我看來，完全禁止汽油動力汽車的最早時間點將是2035年。”鍾師表示。

The government is also on the verge of launching a carbon trading scheme that will benefit BYD, which is 8 per cent owned by Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway. Starting next year or in 2019, traditional carmakers in China will have to make a certain number of NEVs or else buy credits from NEV makers such as BYD.

中國政府還即將推出一個碳交易機制，這將有利於比亞迪；沃倫?巴菲特(Warren Buffett)的伯克希爾哈撒韋(Berkshire Hathaway)持有該公司8%股份。從明年或2019年開始，中國的傳統汽車製造商將必須製造一定數量的新能源汽車，或者從比亞迪這樣的新能源汽車製造商購買碳排放額度。

Mr Wang declined to speak about the timing of the scheme or how much BYD could potentially earn from carbon credits. “The carbon trading scheme will help companies to achieve a healthy growth, and BYD as the market leader will receive some benefit. But exactly how much it’s hard to say,” he said.

王傳福拒絕透露該機制的時間安排，或比亞迪有望從碳排放額度斬獲多少利益。他表示，碳交易計劃將有助於企業實現健康增長，而比亞迪作爲市場領先者將獲得一定收益。但具體有多少還很難說。