中國成爲全球金融科技創新領導者大綱

The UK is at risk of losing its status as the world’s leading fintech centre as the number of innovative companies in China is rapidly rising, according to a new report.

最新報告顯示，隨着中國創新公司數量迅速上升，英國可能失去全球領先金融科技中心的地位。

The annual study by advisory firm KPMG and investment company H2 Ventures shows that four of the top five global innovators in financial technology now come from China, reflecting the “indisputable” growth of fintech in the country.

諮詢公司畢馬威(KPMG)與投資公司H2 Ventures的年度研究表明，全球排名前五的金融科技創新企業中有四家都來自中國，反映了中國金融科技“無可爭議”的增長。

Topping the list, which is determined by the amount of capital raised and the degree of traction with consumers, among other factors, is Hangzhou-based Ant Financial, an online payment service provider. Earlier this year, Ant Financial raised $4.5bn in a record fintech private placement.

名列榜首的是總部位於杭州的互聯網支付服務提供商螞蟻金服(Ant Financial)，這一排名是由所籌資本金額以及消費者吸引力等因素決定的。今年早些時候，螞蟻金服在一輪創紀錄的金融科技私募中籌得45億美元。

The report shows that the UK is losing ground, occupying 13 of the top 100 positions compared with 18 last year. Only Atom, a mobile-focused bank that launched this year, made the top 10.

這份報告顯示英國正在喪失自己的陣地，去年有18家英國公司進入前100名，而今年爲13家，且只有Atom躋身前十。Atom是今年上線的一家專注移動業務的銀行。

Fintech companies seeking to shake up the traditional bank-dominated business of lending and payments have all flocked to London in recent years with the aim of offering customers superior and often lower cost services

近年來，尋求顛覆銀行主導的傳統貸款和支付業務的金融科技企業紛紛涌向倫敦，旨在爲客戶提供更優質的、且往往成本更低的服務。

London is considered a fintech powerhouse as it provides efficient access to capital, skills and regulation that is focused on the sector.

倫敦被認爲是金融科技重地，它提供了獲取資本、技術以及享受注重該行業的監管的有效途徑。

But Warren Mead, global co-head of fintech at KPMG, said the emergence of China as “a market leader” and the increasing globalisation of fintech means UK policy makers and regulators will “have to continue to work hard to maintain our position”.

但畢馬威金融科技業務全球聯合主管沃倫.米德(Warren Mead)表示，中國成爲“市場領導者”以及金融科技的日益全球化意味着，英國政策制定者和監管機構將“必須繼續努力維持我們的地位”。

Competition is heating up globally with 17 countries now making the top 50 established companies, up from 13 last year. The UK is still in second place to the US, which holds a quarter of the 100 spots on the list.

全球金融科技競爭不斷升溫，這次前50大企業分佈在17個國家，去年爲13個國家。英國仍排名第二，排名第一的美國在前100大公司中佔據四分之一。

Funding for fintech is on the rise, with the top 50 companies attracting $14.6bn of capital since last year, marking an increase of more than 40 per cent in just 12 months.

金融科技的融資越來越高，自去年以來前50大公司吸引到了146億美元資本，短短一年就實現同比增長逾40%。

However, funding in the UK has come into question following the Brexit vote and intensifying competition elsewhere, especially in China.

但繼英國退歐公投和來自其他地區、尤其是中國的競爭加劇之後，英國的融資已出現不確定性。

Innovate Finance, the UK’s financial technology trade body, recently reported a decline in venture capital funding for UK fintech companies, which fell by a third in the first half of the year.

英國金融科技行業機構Innovate Finance最近報告稱，英國金融科技公司的風投資金出現下降，今年上半年下降了三分之一。

Companies saw $386m of investment for the first half, down from $580m for the same period last year. Innovate Finance cited Brexit as the main reason for the dip. In contrast, venture capital funding for global fintech companies grew nearly 150 per cent.

上半年這些公司獲得3.86億美元投資，低於去年同期的5.8億美元。Innovate Finance將英國退歐列爲這一下滑的主要原因。與之相比，全球金融科技公司的風投融資增長了近150%。

Toby Heap, of H2 Ventures, said that although China is growing rapidly in this sector, there are a number of “exciting” fintech companies emerging globally, in countries such as India and the Philippines.

H2 Ventures的託比.希普(Toby Heap)表示，雖然中國在該領域增長迅速，但有多家“令人興奮的”金融科技公司正在全球浮現，比如在印度和菲律賓等國。

Most of the top 50 fintech companies are dubbed as “disruptors” that seek to challenge established financial services companies and traditional business models.

絕大多數前50強金融科技公司都被稱爲“顛覆者”，它們尋求挑戰傳統的金融服務企業和傳統商業模式。

A number of peer-to-peer or marketplace lenders have grown in the past decade, as a way to provide more efficient lending compared to traditional banks. P2P matches investors with borrowers through a website, allowing for loans to be made more quickly.

許多P2P貸款機構（或稱集市型貸款機構）在過去十年得到了成長，它們提供了比傳統銀行更高效的貸款方式。P2P通過網站將投資者與借款人相匹配，加快了貸款過程。

P2P has surged in China, which is dominated by large state-owned banks that prefer lending to state-owned industrial companies. Chinese platform Lufax, which was valued at $19bn earlier this year, is fourth on the KPMG list.

P2P在中國增長迅猛，中國的貸款由大型國有銀行主導，它們更傾向於貸款給國有工業企業。中國P2P平臺陸金所(Lufax)在畢馬威排行榜上名列第四，在今年早些時候獲估值190億美元。