雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第3章:思考什麼是思考(48)

It was more as had written of heresy:

但更重要的是J.S.密爾的不同說法：

the chief mischief of the legal penalties is that they strengthen the social stigma.

法律制裁的主要作用是，它能強化一種社會禁忌，而這種禁忌纔是真正有效的。

It is that stigma which is really effective, and so effective is it, that the profession of opinions which are under the ban of society is much less common in England than is, in many other countries, the avowal of those which incur risk of judicial punishment.

在英國，這種社會禁忌的作用，比法律制裁要明顯得多。

Modern psychology had made a twentieth-century difference; the 1920s had given to the avant-garde the name of Freud to conjure with.

現代心理學，使二十世紀變得不同了。

But his ideas were used in practice to discuss what had 'gone wrong' with homosexual people, and such intellectual openings were outweighed by the continual efforts of the official world to render homosexuality invisible – a process in which the academic world played its part along with prosecutions and censorship.

20年代，革新者知道了弗洛伊德，並在實踐中用他的理論，來討論同性戀到底是什麼出了錯，但這個思想萌芽很快就被埋沒了，因爲官方努力使同性戀遁於無形。

As for respectable middle class opinion, it was represented by the Sunday Express in 1928, greeting The Well of Loneliness with the words, 'I had rather give a healthy boy or a healthy girl a phial of prussic acid than this novel.'

作爲受人尊敬的中產階級的觀點，1928年《週日快報》的展現了這個觀點，它評價《孤獨之井》說：寧願給孩子一瓶氫氰酸，也不要給他看這本小說。

The general rule remained that of unmentionability above all else, leaving even the well-educated homosexual person with nothing more encouraging than the faint signals from the ancient world, the debris of the Wilde trials, and the rare exceptions to the rules supplied by the writings of Havelock Ellis and Edward Carpenter.

正統制度仍然高於一切，即使是對於受過良好教育的同性戀者來說，他們所擁有的鼓勵，也僅僅是那些來自古代世界的悲哀信號：王爾德的審判，還有哈夫洛克與愛德華.卡本特筆下的罕見例子。