研究：女性文化程度低比男性更吃虧

Women with low literacy suffer disproportionately more than men, encountering more difficulties in finding a well-paying job and being twice as likely to end up in the group of lowest wage earners, a study released on Wednesday said。

Analysis by the Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR) found women at all levels of literacy tend to earn less than men, but it's at the lowest literacy levels that the wage gap between genders is most striking。

Women with low literacy are twice as likely as men at the same skill level to be among the lowest earners, bringing in $300 a week or less, the report said。

"Because women start off so low in terms of wages, having higher literacy and more skills really makes a big difference," said Kevin Miller, a senior research associate at IWPR and co-author of the study。

Women need to go further in their training and education level to earn the same as men, Miller said。

The analysis was based on 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy surveys, the most recent data available, and focused on reading skills, not writing and numeric literacy. That data was collected from a nationally representative sample of 19,714 people aged 16 and older, living in households or prisons。

Data showed about one-third of American adults have low literacy levels, and more than 36 percent of men and 33 percent of women fall into that category, the institute said。週三發佈的一項研究稱，文化程度低的女性比那些文化程度低的男性吃的虧更大，在尋求高薪工作的過程中會遇到更多困難，而且進入最低收入階層的機率是男性的兩倍。

女性政策研究所分析發現，各個文化層次的女性收入一般都比相同文化程度的男性要低，在文化水平最低的人羣中，男女收入差距最大。

報告稱，文化程度低的女性成爲最低收入者(每週工資不超過300美元)的機率是同一文化水平的男性的兩倍。

該機構高級助理研究員、本研究的共同作者凱文•米勒說，“因爲女性工資的起點太低，提高文化水平和技能確實有重大意義。”

米勒稱，要和男性掙得一樣多，女性需要進一步的培訓和教育。

這份基於現有的最新數據——2003年國家成人讀寫能力評估調查的分析報告更注重閱讀技能而非寫作和算術能力。該報告收集了來自全國具有代表性的1.97萬人的數據，這些人都年滿16歲，有住在家中的，也有坐牢的。

數據顯示，約三分之一的美國成年人文化程度低。該研究所稱，文化程度低的男性佔男性總數的36%以上，女性佔33%。