埃菲爾鐵塔不見了！法國也有霧霾

The Eiffel Tower disappeared behind a brown smog on Wednesday as Paris and much of northern France suffered a spike in pollution.
週三，埃菲爾鐵塔消失在一片棕色霧霾之中，因爲整個巴黎還有北歐的大部分地區的污染飆升。

“The pollution levels are consistent. If we don’t go over the alert level, we won’t be far away,” said Airparif, the body responsible for monitoring air quality in the greater Paris region.
“污染值始終如一。如果我們不超過警戒線，就不會太糟，”法國大巴黎地區空氣質量監測網協會說道。

In Paris, authorities measure the concentration of particulates with a diameter of less than 10 microns – so-called PM10 – in the air to determine pollution levels.
在巴黎，官方測量了空氣中微小顆粒的濃度，直徑小於10微米的顆粒——所謂的PM10——決定了空氣中的污染指數。

These particulates are created by vehicles, heating and heavy industry, and include the most dangerous particles that measure less than 2.5 microns in diameter, which can penetrate deep into the lungs and the blood system and can cause cancer.
機動車輛、暖氣和重工業產生了這些空氣中的微小顆粒，並且包括最危險的直徑小於2.5微米的顆粒，它們會滲入肺部和血液系統引起癌症。

The safe limit for PM10 is set at 80 microgrammes per cubic metre (mcg/m3).
PM10的安全上限是80微克每立方米。

Since Wednesday morning, authorities have put in place certain emergency measures, such as limiting cars to 20kph (12mph) on motorways in the Paris area.
自從週三早晨開始，官方就已經落實了一些緊急措施，比如限制巴黎地區公路上汽車20公里/時.

Authorities have the power to put into place emergency measures such as allowing only one in two cars to enter the French capital and making public transport free.
官方有權將緊急措施付諸實踐，比如只允許一半車輛開進法國首都，還有坐公交免費。。

This was last implemented on 17 March last year during a particularly bad spike in the pollution levels.
去年污染指數尤其飆升的時候，於3月17日他們執行了這些措施。

According to a 2011 World Health Organisation report, the planet’s most polluted city was Ahvaz in Iran with an average of 372 mcg/m3.
據世界衛生組織2011的報告，世界上污染最嚴重的城市是伊朗的阿瓦士，平均372微克每立方米。

Beijing had an average of 121 mcg/m3, while Paris was measured at 38 mcg/m3.
北京的平均值是121微克每立方米，而巴黎是38微克每立方米。