女性仍面臨職場玻璃天花板
Hillary Clinton smashed one of the remaining glass ceilings in politics this week, when she became the first woman to secure her party’s nomination for US president.
希拉里•克林頓(Hillary Clinton)最近成爲了首位被其所在政黨提名爲總統候選人的女性，打破了政壇剩餘的玻璃天花板之一。
It has taken 227 years for a woman to get this far in a US election and the ascent of women on the corporate ladder has been almost as slow. There are still very few female chief executives, and women remain under-represented in senior business roles. Workplace sexism still exists.
就美國選舉而言，女性花了227年才走到這一步，女性在企業階梯上的晉升幾乎同樣緩慢。現在女首席執行官仍然非常少，高級業務職位中的女性比例依然較低。職場中的性別歧視仍然存在。
Recent events suggest the challenges facing women are particularly acute in media and technology companies.
最近的事件似乎表明，女性在媒體和科技公司面臨的挑戰尤其嚴峻。
When Gretchen Carlson, a former Fox News Channel presenter, alleged that she had been sexually harassed by Roger Ailes, who ran the network, other women came forward alleging similar treatment by other executives. One woman told the New York Times this week that she had been afraid to complain. “There is a culture where, not that you accept it, you just deal with it,” she said.
當福克斯新聞頻道(Fox News Channel)前主持人格蕾琴•卡爾森(Gretchen Carlson)指控她受到老闆羅傑•艾爾斯(Roger Ailes)性騷擾的時候，其他女性紛紛站出來指控其他高管的類似做法。一位女性最近告訴《紐約時報》(New York Times)，之前她不敢投訴。她說：“這裏的文化是，有些事情你不一定接受，但你得忍受。”
Rupert Murdoch’s 21st Century Fox, which owns Fox News, parted company with Mr Ailes last week after an internal investigation. Mr Murdoch and his sons, James and Lachlan, now have two tasks: replacing Mr Ailes and reforming what appears to have been a boorish, macho culture at Fox News.
魯珀特•默多克(Rupert Murdoch)的21世紀福克斯(21st Century Fox)上週在內部調查之後解聘了艾爾斯——福克斯新聞隸屬21世紀福克斯旗下。默多克和他的兒子詹姆斯(James)和拉克倫(Lachlan)現在有兩個任務：接替艾爾斯，並且改革福克斯新聞似乎存在的粗野的大男子主義文化。
Hiring more women to senior positions would help and is something that all media and technology companies should do. The US’s biggest media groups — Walt Disney, Comcast, 21st Century Fox, Time Warner, CBS and Viacom — are all led by men. It is the same story in tech: Amazon, Apple, Google and Facebook all have male chief executives.
僱傭更多女性擔任高級職位將會有所幫助，也是所有媒體和科技公司應該做的事情。華特迪士尼(Walt Disney)、康卡斯特(Comcast)、21世紀福克斯、時代華納(Time Warner)、哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)以及維亞康姆(Viacom)，這些美國最大的媒體集團全都由男性領導。科技公司同樣如此：亞馬遜(Amazon)、蘋果(Apple)、Google以及Facebook的首席執行官全都是男性。
Yahoo, in the process of being acquired by Verizon, is an exception. But Marissa Mayer, its chief executive, spoke this week of how her efforts to revive the internet group had been plagued by sexist stereotyping. “I’ve tried to be gender-blind and believe tech is a gender-neutral zone but think there has been gender-charged reporting,” she said, referring to media coverage of her tenure at the group.
正在被Verizon收購的雅虎(Yahoo)是一個例外。但雅虎首席執行官瑪麗薩•邁耶(Marissa Mayer)最近談到她重振這家互聯網集團的努力受到性別歧視觀念的困擾。她在提到媒體報道她領導雅虎的工作時表示：“我曾經努力無視性別，相信科技是不帶有性別色彩的領域，但我的確認爲存在性別色彩濃厚的報道。”
Appointing more women to senior positions is unlikely to eradicate workplace sexism. But it would be a start. Media and technology companies create products and content for both sexes. Why should women not be appointed to run them too?
任命更多的女性擔任高級職位不太可能根除職場的性別歧視，但這將是開始。媒體和技術公司爲男性和女性創造產品和內容。爲什麼不應該任命女性執掌它們？
Long ago, the advertising industry woke up to the fact that women were responsible for most household spending decisions, so they tailored marketing messages to them.
很久以前，廣告業猛然意識到，女性負責多數家庭支出決定，因此它們針對女性量身打造了營銷信息。
Yet women continue to be under-represented at advertising agencies — particularly in senior creative roles.
然而，女性在廣告公司的比例仍然較低，尤其是在高級的創意職位。
A group called The 3% Conference has been attempting to change that. It takes its name from an alarming statistic from a decade ago, when just 3 per cent of creative directors at advertising companies were women. It has had some success: by 2014, that proportion had risen to 11.5 per cent.
一個名爲3% Conference的團體一直在努力改變這種局面。它的名字源於10年前令人警醒的統計數據，即廣告公司只有3%的創意總監是女性。該團體取得了一些成功：到2014年，這一比例已上升至11.5%。
Glass ceilings continue to be smashed but the pace of change is slow.
玻璃天花板繼續被打碎，但改變步伐遲緩。
J Walter Thompson, the 152-year-old ad agency now owned by WPP, recently appointed Tamara Ingramas chief executive — the first woman to have ever held the position.
有着152年曆史的廣告公司、如今隸屬WPP旗下的智威湯遜(J Walter Thompson)最近任命塔瑪拉•英格拉瑪(Tamara Ingramas)擔任首席執行官，這是有史以來首位擔任該職的女性。
JWT’s workforce is 47 per cent female and the company has female regional chief executives in places such as Sri Lanka, Mexico and Canada. But Ms Ingram told the FT recently she would not be satisfied until half of all the company’s senior leadership positions were held by women. This is the right goal to set. Would a male chief executive set such a target? Possibly. But a woman is actually doing it.
智威湯遜的員工有47%是女性，而且該公司在斯里蘭卡、墨西哥和加拿大等國的地區總監是女性。但英格拉瑪最近向英國《金融時報》表示，她在公司半數高級領導職位由女性擔任之前不會感到滿意。這是應該設定的正確目標。一位男性首席執行官會設定此類目標嗎？可能會。但一位女性實際上在設定這個目標。
Ms Ingram succeeded Gustavo Martinez as chief executive. He resigned this year after Erin Johnson, JWT’s head of communications, filed a lawsuit accusing him of an “unending stream of racist and sexist comments as well as unwanted touching and other unlawful conduct”.
英格拉瑪接替古斯塔沃•馬丁內斯(Gustavo Martinez)擔任首席執行官。馬丁內斯今年辭職，此前智威湯遜公關主管埃琳•約翰遜(Erin Johnson)對其提起訴訟，指控其“發佈一系列種族主義和性別歧視言論，並存在不受歡迎的觸摸行爲以及其他非法行爲”。
Mr Martinez has denied all the allegations. Still, the case has echoes of Mr Ailes’s departure from Fox News. JWT has moved on from the episode by appointing someone who wants to transform the outlook for women at the agency. As they set out to replace Mr Ailes, will Mr Murdoch and his sons do the same?
馬丁內斯否認了所有指控。話雖如此，該案與艾爾斯從福克斯新聞離職有些類似。智威湯遜通過任命某位想要改變公司內女性前景的高管擔任首席執行官，翻過了這一頁。在他們物色接替艾爾斯的人選之際，默多克和他的兒子們會做同樣的事情嗎？
