四六級長難句.第7期

1.Economics professor Milton Friedman once said, “The best is the enemy of the good,” which to me meant that attempts to achieve an unattainable ideal can prevent us from reaching good outcomes that are possible in practice.

句的剖析 

句子主幹：…Milton Friedman once said…

成分分析：

①  “The best is the enemy of the good,”是直接引語，作said的賓語。

②  which引導的非限制性定語從句補充說明直接引語。

③  定語從句中的第一個that引導的賓語從句作meant的賓語，主幹爲attempts…can prevent us…。

④  to achieve an unattainable ideal是不定式作後置定語，修飾attempts。

⑤  第二個that引導的定語從句修飾good outcomes。

詞的講解 

attempt              v.& n. 企圖；嘗試

unattainable      a.達不到的；無法實現的   

outcome            n.結果；後果

句的翻譯 

經濟學教授Milton Friedman曾經說過：“至善者善之敵。”對我而言，它意味着企圖實現一個無法企及的理想可能會使我們無法取得在實踐中有可能得到的好結果。

2.A team of scientists from Russia and Canada analysed the effect of microgravity on the protein make-up in blood samples of 18 Russian cosmonauts who lived on the International Space Station for six months.

句的剖析 

句子主幹: A team of scientists analyzed the effects on the protein make-up。

後置定語from Russia and Canada修飾scientists。

後置定語on the protein make-up修飾the effect。

who引導定語從句修飾cosmonauts。

詞的講解 

① analyze  v. 分析

【記】ana-(=up)+lyze(=loosen解，分解)→loose up

② protein  n. 蛋白質

句的翻譯 

來自英國和加拿大的科學家團隊分析了18位在國際航空站生活了六個月的俄羅斯宇航員的血液標本，研究微重力對血液蛋白質構成的影響。

3.Knowing that our study demonstrates a likely link between longer education and a lower risk of cardiac disease, policy makers should definitely think of means to increase years of schooling—maybe through different incentives, such as raising awareness, convenience of access and finance.

句的剖析 

句子主幹：policy makers should definitely think of means

伴隨狀語：Knowing that our study…cardiac disease

to increase years of schooling作後置定語修飾means

through different incentives作方式狀語

詞的講解 

demonstrate  v.  證明

cardiac   adj.    心臟的

incentive  n.   激勵；鼓勵

convenience  n.  便利

句的翻譯 

我們的研究證明受教育的年限越長，人們患心臟病的風險可能越低。政策制定者清楚這一點的話，他們就當然應該想到方法來增加學校教育的年限——或許可以通過不同的激勵方法，比如，提高意識，爲獲取教育資源和資金提供便捷。