數百萬法國人的後反恐時代

More than 3.7m people marched in the streets of Paris and across France on Sunday in a defiant display of unity against terrorism and racism, after the deadliest attacks on French soil in more than half a century struck the nation at its core.

星期天（1月11日），超過370萬人走上巴黎以及法國其他地區的街頭，以展現他們在恐怖主義和種族主義面前毫不畏懼、團結一致的精神，此前法國領土上發生了半個多世紀以來最嚴重的恐怖襲擊，令法國舉國震驚。

The dense and determined crowd flooded the Place de la Republique in the capital to pay tribute to the 17 victims murdered in attacks over three days last week by Islamist extremists targeting French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, police forces and a Jewish supermarket. More than 50 foreign leaders from Europe, the Middle East and Africa linked arms around President François Hollande at the start the march. “Paris is today the capital of the world,” Mr Hollande said. “France is going to rise to its best.”

意志堅定的稠密人羣涌入巴黎共和國廣場，悼念17名受害者。上週3天時間裏，伊斯蘭主義極端分子針對法國諷刺漫畫雜誌《查理週刊》(Charlie Hebdo)、警察以及一家猶太超市發動了襲擊，17人遇難。來自歐洲、中東和非洲的50多位外國領導人與法國總統弗朗索瓦•奧朗德(François Hollande)一起，手挽手走在遊行隊伍的前面。“今天巴黎是世界的首都，”奧朗德表示，“法國將呈現出最好的面貌。”

Marchers, many with very young children, braved the increased terror threats by chanting La Marseillaise, waving “Je Suis Charlie” signs and applauding police squads over Friday’s denouement, which resulted in the three suspects being killed in dramatic assaults by special forces.

很多遊行者帶着小孩，他們不懼恐怖威脅等級的提升，高唱《馬賽曲》(La Marseillaise)，揮舞着“我是查理”的標語，並稱贊警方在上週五的表現。當時，法國警方特種部隊發起強攻，擊斃了3名嫌疑人。

The demonstration has put the spotlight on Mr Hollande, who had been deemed in opinion polls to be the most unpopular president in recent French history before the attacks. He and his government are widely credited with having reacted solidly after Wednesday’s attack on Charlie Hebdo and Friday’s Jewish hostage crisis.

此次遊行令人們的注意力聚焦於奧朗德，在恐襲之前，他在民調中淪爲近年法國曆史上最不受歡迎的總統，但在上週三《查理週刊》遇襲和上週五猶太超市人質危機後，他和他領導的法國政府卻因反應果斷而廣受讚揚。

Struggling to improve his international stature before the events, the French president has received overwhelming support from the international community, with German chancellor Angela Merkel, UK prime minister David Cameron, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas, among others, at the march. But France remains in shock after the terror attacks that left cartoonists, security guards, police officers and Jewish hostages dead at the hands of armed religious extremists known to the French authorities.

在此次恐襲之前，奧朗德在改善自己的國際形象方面力不從心，但在此次遊行中，他收穫了來自國際社會的巨大支持。德國總理安格拉•默克爾(Angela Merkel)、英國首相戴維•卡梅倫(David Cameron)、以色列總理本雅明•內塔尼亞胡(Benjamin Netanyahu)以及巴勒斯坦領導人馬哈茂德•阿巴斯(Mahmoud Abbas)等肩並肩與他一起遊行。但法國在恐怖襲擊後仍處於恐慌之中，因爲早已進入法國有關部門視線的宗教極端分子開槍打死了漫畫作家、保安人員、警察以及猶太人人質。

French interior minister Bernard Cazeneuve, who convened a G10 security meeting yesterday morning, said his counterparts had agreed that more collaboration was needed to share information on dangerous jihadis and combat Islamist propaganda on the internet. He added that Europe would tighten border controls, saying: “We are resolute in fighting against terrorism.”

法國內政部長伯納德•卡澤納夫(Bernard Cazeneuve)星期天舉辦了10國集團(G10)安全會議。他表示，參加這次會議的各國相關部門負責人一致認爲，需要展開更多合作，共享有關危險聖戰分子的情報，並在互聯網上打擊伊斯蘭主義宣傳。他補充稱，歐洲將加強邊境控制，他表示：“我們堅決打擊恐怖主義。”

The meeting took place as it emerged that Amedy Coulibaly, the terrorist killed in the supermarket raid, had pledged allegiance to Isis, and that Hayat Boumeddiene, his 26-year-old wife named as a fourth suspect by police, had most likely fled to Syria.

在此次會議召開之際，有消息稱，在猶太超市劫持案中被擊斃的恐怖分子阿米迪•庫利巴利(Amedy Coulibaly)曾向“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國”(Isis)效忠 ，他的26歲妻子哈雅特•博姆迪安(Hayat Boumeddiene)被警方列爲第四號嫌疑人，她極有可能已逃至敘利亞。

Before the final assault by special forces, Cherif Kouachi, one of the two brothers involved in the Charlie Hebdo killings, claimed he had received funding from al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. The brothers had travelled to Yemen in 2011. Eric Holder, the US attorney-general who attended the security meeting in Paris, said: “We don’t have any credible information, at least of yet, to indicate who was responsible — who sponsored this act.”

在法國特種部隊展開最後的強攻之前，涉嫌《查理週刊》槍殺案的兩名兄弟之一謝里夫•庫阿奇(Cherif Kouachi)曾聲稱，他曾經接受過基地組織阿拉伯半島分支的資金。這對兄弟曾在2011年去過也門。在巴黎參加這次安全會議的美國司法部長埃裏克•霍爾德(Eric Holder)說：“至少到目前爲止，我們還沒有可靠的情報顯示誰應該對此負責——誰資助了此次行動。”

The White House said it would hold an international summit next month on how to fight “violent extremism” to deal with homegrown radicalism. Mr Holder said the summit, which would bring together world leaders, would look at new ways to share information and resources on terrorist threats.

美國政府表示，將在下月召開一次國際峯會，討論如何打擊“暴力極端主義”，以應對本土孕育的激進主義。霍爾德表示，全球領導人將齊聚此次峯會，討論共享有關恐怖主義威脅的情報與資源的新方法。

Additional reporting by Geoff Dwyer in Washington

英國《金融時報》傑夫•代爾(Geoff Dyer)華盛頓補充報道