這些食物最有益於寶寶的大腦
So much is going on in the first few months of a baby's life, it's no surprise that what a baby eats can have an effect on the brain develop. To help parents understand what babies need, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) issued a set of recommendations for foods that ensure healthy brain development in babies' first 1,000 days.
寶寶出生的頭幾個月簡直忙的不可開交，毫無疑問：寶寶吃什麼會對他們的大腦發育帶來影響。爲幫助父母理解嬰兒需要什麼，美國兒科學會發布了一系列食物建議，確保寶寶的大腦在出生後的1000天內得到健康發育。
In the guidelines, just published in the journal Pediatrics, the AAP's Committee on Nutrition say that certain nutrients, including protein, zinc, iron, folate, certain vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids are critical for healthy brain development. Diets lacking these nutrients can lead to lifelong issues in brain function, they note.
該指南剛剛發表在《兒科》雜誌上，美國兒科學會營養委員會稱：特定的營養物，包括蛋白質、鋅、鐵、葉酸、一些維生素和多不飽和脂肪酸對健康的大腦發育至關重要。他們指出：如果飲食中缺乏這些營養物質會導致終生的腦功能問題。
Dr. Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital and member of the AAP Committee on Nutrition, says that breast milk is recommended for newborns until they are about six months old.
明尼蘇達大學共濟會兒童醫院兒科副教授、美國兒科協會營養委員會的成員莎拉·簡·施瓦茲伯說道，嬰兒6個月大之前，都建議他們喝母乳。
After that, she says, breast milk can't provide the amount of iron and zinc that growing babies need, so breast milk should be supplemented with these nutrients if moms want to continue breastfeeding, or babies should be introduced to foods rich in them. Many baby foods are supplemented with zinc and iron, she says, but pureed meats are also a good natural source. Infant cereals are also enriched with these nutrients and could be good first foods for babies.
6個月後，她說道，母乳無法提供寶寶成長時所需要的鐵元素和鋅元素，所以如果母親還想繼續母乳餵養的話，應該用一些營養物質補充母乳，或者讓嬰兒吃一些富含這些元素的食物。很多嬰兒食品都可以補充鋅和鐵，她說道，但肉泥也是一種很好的天然來源。嬰兒穀物也富含這些營養物質，可以成爲寶寶吃的第一類食物。
After breast milk, the best diet for babies is one that includes a variety of foods, including meats rich in proteins and fruits and vegetables that contain different vitamins and minerals.
母乳餵養之後，寶寶最適宜吃包含多種食物的飲食，包括蛋白質含量高的肉類、以及含有多種維生素和礦物質的水果和蔬菜。
"Infants are very vulnerable in the first few months of life to [nutrient] deficiencies," says Schwarzenberg. "Their brains are developing at a rapid pace between one and two years, so we want pediatricians to be recommending a healthy spectrum of foods and not simply telling parents to give their babies certain foods.
"剛出生的幾個月，嬰兒十分脆弱，容易營養不足，"施瓦茲伯說道。"他們的大腦正在一兩年內快速發育，所以我們希望兒科醫生能給出一系列健康的食物，而不是簡單的讓父母給小孩兒吃一些特定的食物。"
Studies show that early nutrition is important for building a healthy brain. "If you miss the opportunity to meet developmental milestones during the first 1,000 days of life, then there's not an opportunity to go back and revalue them," says Schwarzenberg.
研究表明：早期營養對於大腦的健康發育至關重要。"如果在最開始的1000天內，你錯過了最佳的發育時機，那就沒有機會再回過頭來重新重視它們了，"施瓦茲伯說道。
